Berbec / Berbec A Century of Interspecific Hybridization and Introgression in Tobacco

1. Auflage 2024
ISBN: 978-3-031-54964-9
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 291 Seiten, eBook

This is the first comprehensive monograph dedicated to using Nicotiana species for tobacco genetic improvement. Unlike typical chapters constrained by size and scope, this book offers a detailed species-by-species analysis, with 27 tables providing relevant information. It marks a shift from focusing on specific topics to giving due attention to individual species. The review reflects on a century of exploiting Nicotiana species for usable germplasm and serves as an exhaustive guide to global literature on the subject, citing nearly 1000 literature items.

The review delves into the involvement of Nicotiana species in interspecific hybrids with cultivated tobacco, covering sexual and asexual methods, including grafting. It addresses challenges in hybridization, such as cross incompatibility, maternal phenotypes, interspecific incongruity, lethality, and sterility, providing methods to overcome these barriers. Records on disease resistance for each Nicotianae species are compiled, and mechanisms of introgression, barriers, and limitations are discussed. The book lists Nicotiana species as successful donors of cytoplasmic genetic factors leading to cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and discusses negative effects of alien cytoplasm, providing a list of agronomically acceptable CMS sources. Controversial issues, including the identity of genetic accessions, are explored. The book concludes with an updated list of all reported interspecific combinations for Nicotiana.

Primarily aimed at scholars and students interested in the genus for genetic diversity, this book serves as a historical reference guide to the realized and potential uses of Nicotiana species in tobacco improvement.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Berbec, Apoloniusz

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTORY NOTES

1.1. THE IMPORTANCE OF TOBACCO (NICOTIANA TABACUM L.) AND OF OTHER SPECIES IN THE GENUS NICOTIANA

1.2. HYBRIDIZATION WITHIN THE GENUS NICOTIANA

1.3. TYPES OF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS IN NICOTIANA

1.4. TERMINOLOGY AND USAGE IN RELATION TO INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS IN THIS BOOK

Chapter 2: CLASSIFICATION OF THE GENUS NICOTIANA AND ORIGIN OF NICOTIANA SPECIES

2.1. CLASSIFICATION OF THE GENUS NICOTIANA

2.2. SPONTANEOUS INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION AND ORIGIN OF ALLOPOLYPLOID NICOTIANA SPECIES

2.2.1. Introductory notes

2.2.2. Origin of Nicotiana tabacum

2.2.3. Polyploid origin of some other Nicotianae

Chapter 3: EXPERIMENTAL INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS IN NICOTIANA AND BARRIERS TO HYBRIDIZATION

3.1. OVERVIEW OF HISTORY AND EXTENT OF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION IN NICOTIANA

3.2. PRE- AND POST-FERTILIZATION BARRIERS TO PRODUCTION OF VIABLE HYBRID SEEDS IN NICOTIANA

3.2.1. Manifestations of pre- and post-zygotic barriers to hybridization

3.2.2. Cross incompatibility

3.2.3. Mechanisms of pre- and post-zygotic incongruity

3. 3. SEEDLING LETHALITY

 3.3.1. Occurrence of premature plant death in Nicotiana hybrids

3.3.2. Types of hybrid lethality

3.3.3. Causes of and phenomena associated with hybrid lethality

3.3.4. Location and identification of genetic factors responsible for lethality of hybrid seedlings

3.3.5. Genetic control of type V lethality in N. occidentalis x N. tabacum

3.4. METHODS TO OVERCOME CROSS-INCOMPATIBILITY, EMBRYO ABORTION AND MORTALITY OF JUVENILE HYBRID PLANTS

3.4.1. Managing cross incompatibility

3.4.2. Embryo rescue by culturing ovules

3.4.3. Managing lethality of juvenile plants

3.5. MATERNAL AND PATERNAL PLANTS IN THE OFFSPRING OF INTERSPECIFIC CROSSES IN NICOTIANA

3.5.1. Gynogenic and androgenetic haploids

3.5.2. Maternal diploids

          Various cases of maternal diploid induction in Nicotiana

3.6. STERILITY OF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS

3.6.1. Causes of sterility in amphihaploid hybrids of Nicotiana

3.6.2. Bioconfinement

3.6.3. Conversion of sterile amphihaploids to fertile alloploids by making use of natural processes in hybrid plants

3.6.4. Conversion of sterile hybrid plants to fertility by means of external agents

3.6.5. Regeneration of hybrid plants from in vivo and in vitro cultures                 

3.6.6. ‘Synthetic species’

3.7. PARASEXUAL HYBRIDS

3.7.1. Parasexual hybrids by fusion of isolated somatic protoplasts

3.7.2. Gametosomatic hybrids

3.7.3. Graft hybrids

3.8. ENDING NOTES ON SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS INVOLVING N. TABACUM

Chapter 4: EXPERIMENTAL INTROGRESSION FROM NICOTIANA SPECIES TO CULTIVATED TOBACCO

4.1. GENETIC RESISTANCE TO DISEASES AND PESTS AMONG NICOTIANA SPECIES

4.2. GOALS AND TYPES OF INTERSPECIFIC INTROGRESSION                 

4.3. BASIC MECHANISMS OF INTERSPECIFIC GENE TRANSFER IN NICOTIANA

4.3.1. Alien chromosome substitution         

4.3.2. Alien chromosome addition

4.3.3. Segmental alien substitution

4.4. OPTIONAL ROUTES OF INTROGRESSION FROM NICOTIANA SPECIES TO N. TABACUM

4.4.1. Bridge-cross method

4.4.2. Multiple or polygenomic hybrids as starting hybrids in gene transfer

4.4.3. The use of autotetraploid variants of parental species to start gene transfer

4.4.4. “Egg transformation” without gametic fusion

4.5. BARRIERS TO INTROGRESSIVE BREEDING IN NICOTIANA

4.5.1. First decisions aimed at making interspecific gene transfer more likely to be accomplished

4.5.2. Extent of chromosome homology/homeology

4.5.3. Preferential pairing

4.5.4. Disturbed gametogenesis and sterility in allopolyploid hybrids

4.5.5. Elimination of somatic chromosomes

4.5.6. Sterility of the sesquidiploid generation

4.5.7. Erratic inheritance in early transfer generations

4.5.8. Erratic inheritance in advanced introgression stages

4.5.9. Genetic tumors

4.6. EFFECTS RELATED TO THE INTROGRESSION OF ALIEN GENES IN N.   TABACUM

4.6.1. Changes and modifications of expression of the introgressed trait

4.6.2. Types of side effects related to interspecific introgression in Nicotiana

4.6.3. Linkage drag  

4.6.4. The role of ‘synthetic tobaccos’ in facilitating interspecific gene transfer and in alleviating linkage drag

4.6.5. Marker-assisted recovery and selection of introgressed genes

4.6.6.‘Genetic drag’ associated with beneficial effects

4.6.7. Linkage drag in heterozygous condition

4.6.8. Designer or shuttle chromosome

4.7. SUMMARY OF GENE TRANSFER FROM NICOTIANA SPECIES TO CULTIVATED TOBACCO

Chapter 5: SPECIES OF NICOTIANA AS THE SOURCES OF CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY FORCULTIVATED TOBACCO

5.1. INTRODUCTORY NOTES                   

5.2. GENETIC BACKGROUND AND PHENOTYPIC MANIFESTATIONS OF CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY

5.2.1. Genetics of cytoplasmic male sterility in n. tabacum

5.2.2. Phenotypic manifestations of cytoplasmic male sterility in n. tabacum

5.3. TRANSFER OF ALIEN CYTOPLASM AND PRODUCTION OF CYTOPLASMICALLY MALE STERILE ALLOPLASMICS IN TOBACCO

5.3.1. Development of N.   tabacum alloplasmics using different cytoplasm donors and different transfer routes

5.3.2. Restoration of male fertility to cms alloplasmics

5.4. ORIGIN AND IDENTITY OF SOME PLASMATYPES  IN N.   TABACUM

5.4.1. CMS systems inherited maternally that originated with the involvement of an alien species as the pollen parent.

 5.4.2. Controversies regarding the provenance and identity of some alloplasmic systems

5.5. INTERACTIONS OF N.   TABACUM PLASMON WITH NUCLEAR GENOMES OF OTHER NICOTIANAE

5.6. AGRONOMIC POTENTIAL OF NICOTIANA SPECIES AS SOURCES OF CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY

5.6.1. Side effects associated with the introgression of alien cytoplasm in tobacco (‘cytoplasmic drag’)

5.6.2. Currently deployed cms systems in commercial hybrid cultivars of tobacco

5.6.3. Concluding notes on Nicotiana species as CMS sources for tobacco improvement          

Chapter 6: CLOSING NOTES ON INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION IN TOBACCO IMPROVEMENT

Chapter 7: SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT – LIST OF REPORTED INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS WITHIN THE GENUS NICOTIANA

Über Autor(innen)

Prof. Apoloniusz Berbec’s research activities cover two principal fields: cytogenetics of interspecific Nicotiana hybrids and tobacco breeding. These two major areas complement and strengthen each other in his fundamental and applied studies. He and his associates have made several novel Nicotiana hybrids and re-examined a few others for their potential as sources of usable germplasm for cultivated tobacco. Under his scientific leadership several successful transfers of disease resistance factors from wild Nicotiana species to cultivated tobacco were made. Prof. Berbec also shows a keen interest in the wild Nicotiana species as sources of cytoplasmic male sterility to be deployed in tobacco hybrid cultivars. At his research unit, he created a collection of cytoplasmically male sterile forms of tobacco. He has studied the alloplasmic accessions for their agronomic merits and expanded the collection by developing several novel alloplasmic combinations. 

Prof. Berbec’s breeding strategies have drawn, directly or indirectly, on gene introgression and on deployment of cytoplasmic male sterility.  He has developed and released to farmers a number of tobacco cultivars, Poland’s first F hybrids of flue-cured tobacco that combine introgressed monofactorial resistance to diseases and cytoplasmic male sterility for improved performance. Prof. Berbec served, until his retirement in 2018, as full professor at the Institute of soil Science Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute in Pulawy, Poland. Until 2023, he was also editor in-chief of the Polish Journal of Agronomy. In the capacity of plant breeder and agronomist, he continues working part-time for his research establishment.