Buch, Englisch, 272 Seiten, Format (B × H): 177 mm x 254 mm, Gewicht: 333 g
Reihe: High-yield Series
Buch, Englisch, 272 Seiten, Format (B × H): 177 mm x 254 mm, Gewicht: 333 g
Reihe: High-yield Series
ISBN: 978-1-60913-573-7
Verlag: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
High-Yield™ Cell and Molecular Biology, Third Edition provides the essential information needed for USMLE Step 1 review and course study. It covers current cell and molecular biology techniques and principles with a clinical focus—what a physician needs to know to understand, diagnose, and treat human disease. Molecular biology is often taught within various courses such as biochemistry, microbiology, and histology; thus, a consolidated review book in molecular biology is especially helpful in preparing for the USMLE Step 1.
This edition has been streamlined to remove content covered in other High-Yield™ books such as histopathology and microbiology. Images have been placed closer to the appropriate text. New figures include DNA melting curve and flow cytometry.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
Weitere Infos & Material
Contents
ix
Preface.vii
Abbreviations.xiii
Chromosomal DNA
I. The Biochemistry of Nucleic Acids.1
II. Levels of DNA Packaging.2
III. Centromere.4
IV. Heterochromatin.4
V. Euchromatin.4
VI. Studying Human Chromosomes.4
VII. Staining of Chromosomes.5
VIII. Chromosome Morphology.6
IX. DNA Melting Curve.7
.1 Chromosome Replication
I. General Features.9
II. The Chromosome Replication Process.9
III. DNA Topoisomerases.11
IV. The Telomere.12
V. DNA Damage.12
VI. DNA Repair.13
VII. Clinical Considerations.14
VIII. Summary of Chromosome Replication Machinery.16
.9 Meiosis and Genetic Recombination
I. Meiosis.17
II. Genetic Recombination.19
.17 The Human Nuclear Genome
I. General Features.22
II. Protein-Coding Genes.23
III. RNA-Coding Genes.24
IV. Epigenetic Control.25
V. Noncoding DNA.25
.22 The Human Mitochondrial Genome
I. General Features.29
II. The 13 Protein-Coding Genes.29
III. The 24 RNA-Coding Genes.29
IV. Other Mitochondrial Proteins.31
V. Mitochondrial Diseases.31
.29 Protein Synthesis
I. General Features.33
II. Transcription.33
III. Processing the RNA Transcript into mRNA.34
IV. Translation.35
V. Clinical Considerations.37
.33 Control of Gene Expression
I. General Features.39
II. Mechanism of Gene Expression.39
III. The Structure of DNA-Binding Proteins.41
IV. Other Mechanisms of Gene Expression.44
V. The
VI. The
.39 Lac Operon.46 trp Operon.47 Mutations of the DNA Sequence
I. General Features.49
II. Silent (Synonymous) Mutations.49
III. Non-Silent (Nonsynonymous) Mutations.50
IV. Loss of Function and Gain of Function Mutations.55
V. Other Types of Polymorphisms.56
.49 Proto-Oncogenes, Oncogenes, and Tumor-Suppressor Genes
I. Proto-Oncogenes and Oncogenes.58
II. Tumor-Suppressor Genes.60
III. Hereditary Cancer Syndromes.62
.58 The Cell Cycle
I. Mitosis.66
II. Control of the Cell Cycle.68
.66 Molecular Biology of Cancer
I. The Development of Cancer (Oncogenesis).71
II. The Progression of Cancer.72
III. Signal Transduction Pathways.73
.71 Cell Biology of the Immune System
I. Neutrophils (Polys, Segs, or PMNs).77
II. Eosinophils.78
III. Basophils.78
IV. Mast Cells.78
V. Monocytes.79
VI. Macrophages (Histiocytes; Antigen-Presenting Cells).80
VII. Natural Killer CD16
VIII. B Lymphocyte.81
IX. T Lymphocyte.83
X. Immune Response to Exogenous Protein Antigens.85
XI. Immune Response to Endogenous Antigens (Intracellular Virus or Bacteria).86
XII. Cytokines.87
.77 Cell.81 Molecular Biology of the Immune System
I. Clonal Selection Theory.89
II. The B Lymphocyte (B Cell).89
III. The T Lymphocyte (T Cell).93
IV. Clinical Considerations.95
V. Disorders of Phagocytic Function.96
VI. Systemic Autoimmune Disorders.97
VII. Organ-Specific Autoimmune Disorders.97
.89 Molecular Biology Techniques
I. Action of Restriction Enzymes.101
II. Electrophoresis.103
III. The Enzymatic Method of DNA Sequencing.105
IV. Southern Blotting and Prenatal Testing for Sickle Cell Anemia.107
V. Isolating a Human Gene by DNA Cloning.109
VI. Construction of cDNA Library.111
VII. Polymerase Chain Reaction.113
VIII. Producing a Protein from a Cloned Gene.115
IX. Site-Directed Mutagenesis and Knockout Animals.117
X. Northern Blot (mRNA).119
XI. Western Blot (Protein).121
XII. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Structure.123
XIII. Ligase Chain Reaction (LCR).125
XIV. Flow Cytometry.127
.100 Identification of Human Disease Genes
I. General Features.129
II. Identification of a Human Disease Gene Through a Chromosome Abnormality.129
III. Identification of a Human Disease Gene Through Pure Transcript Mapping.130
IV. Identification of a Human Disease Gene Through Large Scale DNA Sequencing.131
V. Identification of a Human Disease Gene Through Comparison of Human
and Mouse Maps.132
.129 Gene Therapy
I. Gene Therapy.133
II. Ex Vivo and In Vivo Gene Therapy.134
III. Integration into Host Cell Chromosomes or as Episomes.134
IV. Viral Vectors Used in Gene Therapy.134
V. Nonviral Vectors Used in Gene Therapy.135
Appendix 1: The Genetic Code.137
Appendix 2: Amino Acids.138
Appendix 3: Chromosomal Locations of Human Genetic Diseases.139
Figure Credits.145
Index.147
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