Volume 5
Buch, Englisch, 228 Seiten, Format (B × H): 152 mm x 229 mm, Gewicht: 365 g
ISBN: 978-1-4613-6635-5
Verlag: Springer US
Historically, explanations for the origins of behavior have vacillated be tween nurturist and nativist camps. Nurturists emphasize environmental determinants of development, whereas nativists emphasize biological de terminants. Contemporary develop mentalists reject such dichotomies on the assumption that the organization of behavior is driven by interac tions between environmental and biological regulators. For example, Sameroff (1989; Sameroff & Fiese, 1989) reminds us that throughout the life span, development of the biological organism has meaning only when considered in relation to its contextual environment because it is the events in the environment that trigger expression of the genotype or, at minimum, work in transactional relationship with biological reg ulators. Put another way, the expression (phenotype) of the organism's biological makeup (genotype) will always be affected by the environ ments in which the organism develops. Sameroff argues that the search for biological regulators of develop ment led investigators to downplay the importance of environmental regulators. He proposes that the "environ type" should have equal status with the phenotype and genotype as a developmental regulatory system. Environtype refers to the environmental context(s) within which orga nisms develop-the environmental events that trigger expression of the genotype. And, for Sameroff, social organization is accorded special status because it influences the individual's adaptation to society.
Zielgruppe
Research
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
- Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizinische Fachgebiete Psychiatrie, Sozialpsychiatrie, Suchttherapie
- Sozialwissenschaften Psychologie Psychotherapie / Klinische Psychologie
- Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Klinische und Innere Medizin Pädiatrie, Neonatologie
Weitere Infos & Material
1. Maternal Cocaine Use: Neonatal Outcome.- 1. Introduction: Epidemiology of Maternal Substance Abuse.- 2. Pharmacology of Cocaine.- 3. Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcome.- 4. Mother-Infant Assessment.- 5. References.- 2. Psychosocial Influences in the Etiology, Diagnosis, and Prognosis of Nonorganic Failure to Thrive.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Identification of NOFT.- 3. Etiology of NOFT: Factors that Affect Parental Competence.- 4. Psychosocial Diagnosis of NOFT.- 5. Approaches to Psychosocial Treatment of NOFT.- 6. Prognosis and Long-Term Outcome in NOFT.- 7. Implications for Research concerning Risk and Protective Factors.- 8. Implications for Treatment.- 9. References.- 3. A Developmental Approach to Understanding and Controlling Violence.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Descriptive Picture.- 3. Key Developmental Questions.- 4. Theoretical Considerations.- 5. Hypotheses.- 6. New Research Directions.- 7. Experimental Interventions.- 8. Organizational Structures.- 9. Conclusions.- 10. References.- 4. The Role Of The School In Prosocial Development.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Socialization in Schools.- 3. Theories of Socialization and Moral Development.- 4. Implications for Educational Practice.- 5. Research on Schooling and Sociomoral Development.- 6. Summary and Conclusions.- 7. References.- 5. The Human Infant In Studies Of Lateralization Of Function: A Historical Perspective.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Nurturist Theories.- 3. Nativist Theories.- 4. Studies of Hand Preference in Human Infants.- 5. Current-Day Theory and Research.- 6. References.- 6. The Organization Of Lateralized Behavior During Infancy.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Infant Motor Skills Project.- 3. Conclusion.- 4. References.- 7. Clinical Application Of Asymmetrical Behavioral Communication In Parent-Infant Interaction.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Prenatal Attitudes.- 3. Postnatal Observations.- 4. Follow-up of Postnatal Holding.- 5. A Case Report.- 6. Developmental Aspects.- 7. Comments.- 8. References.- 8. Toward Hemispheric Specialization During Infancy: Manual Skills Versus Acquisition Of Speech.- 1. Commentary.- 2. References.- Author Index.
