Exceptional People

How Migration Shaped Our World and Will Define Our Future
Erscheinungsjahr 2012
ISBN: 978-0-691-15631-6
Verlag: Princeton University Press

Buch, Englisch, 392 Seiten, Format (B × H): 159 mm x 242 mm, Gewicht: 575 g

Throughout history, migrants have fueled the engine of human progress. Their movement has sparked innovation, spread ideas, relieved poverty, and laid the foundations for a global economy. In a world more interconnected than ever before, the number of people with the means and motivation to migrate will only increase. Exceptional People looks at the profound advantages that such dynamics will have for countries and migrants the world over. Challenging the received wisdom that a dramatic growth in migration is undesirable, the book proposes new approaches for governance that will embrace this international mobility. The authors explore the critical role of human migration since humans first departed Africa some fifty thousand years ago--how the circulation of ideas and technologies has benefited communities and how the movement of people across oceans and continents has fueled economies. They show that migrants in today's world connect markets, fill labor gaps, and enrich social diversity. Migration also allows individuals to escape destitution, human rights abuses, and repressive regimes. However, the authors indicate that most current migration policies are based on misconceptions and fears about migration's long-term contributions and social dynamics. Future policies, for good or ill, will dramatically determine whether societies can effectively reap migration's opportunities while managing the risks of the twenty-first century. A guide to vigorous debate and action, Exceptional People charts the past and present of international migration and makes practical recommendations that will allow everyone to benefit from its unstoppable future growth.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Goldin, Ian

Cameron, Geoffrey

Balarajan, Meera

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichtliche Themen Historische Migrationsforschung
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Weltgeschichte
• Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Spezielle Soziologie Soziologie von Migranten und Minderheiten

Inhaltsverzeichnis

List of Illustrations and Tables ix

Acknowledgments xiii

Introduction 1

PART I: PAST

Chapter 1: Migration from Prehistory to Columbus 11

Early Migration 12

Connecting Humanity 18

Migration and Humanity 37

Chapter 2: Global Migrations: Toward a World Economy 39

The Age of Exploration 40

Imperialism and Coercion 45

Unfree Migrations: Slavery and Indentured Labor 47

Global "Free" Migrations (ca. 1840-1914) 57

Builders of the Modern World 67

Chapter 3: "Managed" Migration in the Twentieth Century (1914-1973) 69

The End of the Liberal Period 70

The Interwar Period: Economic Decline and Regulated Migration 77

Post-WWII Migrations 85

Finding Reasons to Regulate 92

PART II: PRESENT

Chapter 4: L eaving Home: Migration Decisions and Processes 97

Micro-Level: Individuals and Families 99

Meso-Level: Networks and Systems 103

Macro-Level: Demographic, Political, and Economic Conditions 109

Individual, Society, and National Influences 120

Chapter 5: I mmigration and Border Control 121

Channels and Flows of Migration 122

Economic Migration 127

Social Migration 140

Refugee Migration 147

Border Control 153

Beyond Border Controls 160

Chapter 6: T he Impacts of Migration 162

Impacts on Receiving Countries 164

Impacts on Sending Countries 178

Impacts on Migrants 193

Impacts on Societies and Migrants 209

PART III: FUTURE

Chapter 7: T he Future of Migration 213

The Backdrop of Globalization 215

Supply of Migrants 219

Demand for Migrants 241

Chapter 8: A Global Migration Agenda 259

Thought Experiments 261

A Long-Term Vision of Freer Movement 265

Principles for Global Migration 270

The Need for Global Leadership 281

Notes 287

References 331

Index 359

Über Autor(innen)

Cameron, Geoffrey
Geoffrey Cameron is a research associate at the Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford. He is currently principal researcher with the Bahá'í Community of Canada.

Balarajan, Meera
Meera Balarajan holds a PhD from the University of Cambridge and works for a research organization in the United Kingdom. She has also worked for the United Nations, a UK government department, and a grassroots NGO in India.

Goldin, Ian
Ian Goldin is director of the Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, and professorial fellow at Balliol College, Oxford. He has served as vice president of the World Bank and advisor to President Nelson Mandela, and chief executive of the Development Bank of Southern Africa. His many books include Globalization for Development.

Ian Goldin is director of the Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, and professorial fellow at Balliol College, Oxford. He has served as vice president of the World Bank and advisor to President Nelson Mandela. His many books include "Globalization for Development". Geoffrey Cameron is a research associate at the Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford. He currently works as a senior policy advisor with "Foreign Affairs" and International Trade Canada. Meera Balarajan holds a PhD from the University of Cambridge and works for a research organization in the United Kingdom. She has also worked for the United Nations, a UK government department, and a grassroots NGO in India.