Khurana / McCarthy / Zhang Essentials in Bone and Soft-Tissue Pathology

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-387-89845-2
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 220 Seiten

Essentials in Bone and Soft-Tissue Pathology is a concise and well-illustrated handbook that captures the salient points of the most common problems in bone and soft-tissue pathology. The volume includes the most important diagnostic features of common musculoskeletal lesions. This book is a short text directed primarily at residents in pathology and other individuals interested in the field of orthopedic pathology, including medical students, orthopedic surgeons, radiologists, and practicing pathologists who do not see these cases on a day to day basis.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Khurana, Jasvir S.

McCarthy, Edward F.

Zhang, Paul J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Contents;6
3;Contributors;7
4;Chapter 1;8
4.1;Bone Structure, Development and Bone Biology;8
4.1.1;The Skeleton;8
4.1.1.1;Bone Formation and Degradation;8
4.1.1.2;Bone Architecture;9
4.1.2;Gross Morphology;9
4.1.3;Parts of a Long Bone;9
4.1.4;Microscopic Features of Bone;11
4.1.4.1;Blood Supply of Bone;12
4.1.4.2;Nerve Supply of Bones;12
4.1.5;Bone Cells;13
4.1.5.1;Osteoprogenitor Cells;13
4.1.5.2;Osteoblasts;13
4.1.5.3;Osteocytes;13
4.1.5.4;Osteoclasts;14
4.1.6;Bone Matrix;15
4.1.6.1;Collagen;16
4.1.6.2;Enzymes;16
4.1.6.2.1;Alkaline Phosphatase;16
4.1.6.3;The Hydrated (Muco)Polysaccharide Gels;17
4.1.6.4;Factors Important in Mineralization;17
4.1.6.5;The Regulation of Bone and Cartilage;18
4.1.6.5.1;Parathyroid Hormone;18
4.1.6.5.2;Calcitonin;19
4.1.6.5.3;Vitamin D;19
4.1.6.5.4;Vitamin A;20
4.1.6.5.5;Estrogens;20
4.1.6.5.6;Androgens;20
4.1.6.5.7;Growth Hormone;20
4.1.6.5.8;Proteolipids;20
4.1.6.5.9;Growth Factors;21
4.1.6.5.9.1;Transforming Growth Factor-Beta;21
4.1.6.5.10;Bone Morphogenetic Proteins;21
4.1.6.5.11;Other Growth Factors;21
4.1.6.6;Mechanosensory Systems and Stretch Studies (Wolff’s Law);22
4.2;Suggested Readings;22
5;Chapter 2;23
5.1;Common Problems in Orthopedic Pathology Including Trauma, Reactive Conditions and Necrosis of Bone;23
5.1.1;Healing of Bone;23
5.1.2;Fracture Union;24
5.1.2.1;Complications;25
5.1.3;Distraction Osteogenesis (Callotasis/Ilizarov Lengthening);25
5.1.4;Heterotopic Ossification;26
5.1.5;Myositis Ossificans;26
5.1.6;Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (Sudeck Dystrophy or Algodystrophy);27
5.1.7;Bizzare Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation (BPOP or Nora Lesion);28
5.1.8;Osteonecrosis;29
5.2;Suggested Readings;36
6;Chapter 3;37
6.1;Arthropathies;37
6.1.1;Common Features of Arthropathies;37
6.1.2;Radiological Aspects of Arthropathies;37
6.1.2.1;Alignment;38
6.1.2.2;Bones;38
6.1.2.3;Cartilage;38
6.1.2.4;Distribution;39
6.1.2.5;Extraordinary Findings;40
6.1.2.6;Soft-Tissues;40
6.1.3;Specific Arthritidies;40
6.1.3.1;The Productive Arthritidies;40
6.1.3.1.1;Osteoarthritis;40
6.1.3.1.2;Neuropathic Arthropathy (Charcot’s Joints);42
6.1.3.1.3;Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition Disease (CPPD);44
6.1.3.1.4;Hemophilia;45
6.1.3.2;The Destructive (Inflammatory) Arthritidies;46
6.1.3.2.1;Rheumatoid Arthritis;46
6.1.3.2.2;Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (Juvenile Chronic Arthritis);49
6.1.3.2.3;Septic Arthritis;49
6.1.3.2.4;Gout;50
6.1.3.2.5;Psoriatic Arthritis;53
6.1.3.2.6;Reactive Arthritis;54
6.1.3.2.7;Ankylosing Spondylitis;54
6.1.3.2.8;Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis;55
6.1.4;Productive and Destructive Arthropathies;57
6.1.5;Nondestructive and Nonproductive Arthropathies;57
6.1.6;Miscellaneous Joint-Related Conditions;58
6.1.6.1;Osteochondritis Dissecans;58
6.1.6.2;Synovial Chondromatosis (Synovial Chondrometaplasia);58
6.1.6.3;Chondromalacia Patella;58
6.2;Suggested Readings;60
7;Chapter 4;61
7.1;Infections of Bones;61
7.2;Suggested Reading;66
8;Chapter 5;67
8.1;Metabolic Bone Disorders;67
8.2;Suggested Readings;74
9;Chapter 6;75
9.1;Bone Cysts;75
9.1.1;Unicameral Bone Cyst;76
9.1.2;Aneurysmal Bone Cyst;78
9.1.3;Subchondral Cysts;81
9.1.4;Osteoarthritic Cysts;82
9.1.5;Intraosseous Ganglion;83
9.2;Cartilage Forming Tumors;84
9.2.1;Chondroblastoma;84
9.2.2;Chondromyxoid Fibroma;86
9.2.3;Osteochondroma;87
9.2.4;Chondroma;90
9.2.5;Chondrosarcoma;96
9.2.6;Conventional Chondrosarcoma;96
9.2.7;Chondrosarcoma Variants;98
9.2.8;Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma;98
9.2.9;Clear Cell Chondrosarcoma;100
9.2.10;Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma;102
9.2.11;Secondary Chondrosarcoma;104
9.3;Bone Forming Lesions;105
9.3.1;Bone Island;105
9.3.2;Osteoma;107
9.3.3;Osteoid Osteoma;107
9.3.4;Osteoblastoma;110
9.3.5;Osteosarcoma;112
9.3.6;Conventional Osteosarcoma;112
9.3.7;Parosteal Osteosarcoma;114
9.3.8;Periosteal Osteosarcoma;116
9.3.9;Telangiectatic Osteosarcoma;118
9.3.10;Other Variants of Osteosarcoma;122
9.4;Fibrous and Fibrohistiocytic Tumors;124
9.4.1;Nonossifying Fibroma;124
9.4.2;Fibrous Dysplasia;126
9.4.3;Osteofibrous Dysplasia;130
9.4.4;Desmoplastic Fibroma;132
9.4.5;Fibrosarcoma of Bone;133
9.4.6;Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma;135
9.5;Ewing Sarcoma;136
9.6;Giant Cell Lesions;140
9.6.1;Giant Cell Tumor;140
9.6.2;Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma;143
9.7;Adamantinoma;147
9.8;Notochordal Tumors;149
9.8.1;Chordoma;149
9.8.2;Benign Notochordal Cell Rest;152
9.9;Vascular Neoplasms;152
9.9.1;Hemangioma;153
9.9.2;Epithelioid Hemangioma;154
9.9.3;Angiomatosis;155
9.9.4;Massive Osteolysis;155
9.9.5;Hemophilic Pseudotumor;156
9.9.6;Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma;156
9.9.7;Angiosarcoma of Bone;158
9.10;Hematopoietic Tumors;158
9.10.1;Plasma Cell Neoplasms (Plasma Cell Myeloma and Plasmacytoma);160
9.10.2;Granulocytic Sarcoma;160
9.10.3;Non Hodgkin Lymphoma;161
9.10.4;Hodgkin Lymphoma;161
9.10.5;Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis;161
9.10.6;Erdheim Chester Disease;162
9.10.7;Other Hematopoietic Disorders;162
9.11;Suggested Readings;163
10;Chapter 7;164
10.1;Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions of the Soft-Tissues;164
10.1.1;Soft-Tissue Tumors;164
10.1.2;Vascular Tumors;164
10.1.2.1;Capillary Hemangioma (Pyogenic Granuloma);164
10.1.2.2;Cavernous Hemangioma;165
10.1.2.3;Histocytic (Epithelioid) Hemangioma (Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia);166
10.1.2.4;Intramuscular Hemangioma (Intramuscular Angiolipoma);168
10.1.2.5;Venous Hemangioma;168
10.1.2.6;Angiomatosis;168
10.1.2.7;Arteriovenous Hemangioma (AV Malformation);170
10.1.2.8;Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia (Intravascular Vegetant Hemangioendothelioma of Masson);170
10.1.2.9;Spindle Cell Hemangioma (Spindle Cell Hemangioendothelioma);171
10.1.2.10;Lymphangioma;173
10.1.2.11;Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma;173
10.1.2.12;Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma (Intravascular Bronchioloalveolar Tumor);174
10.1.2.13;Hobnail Hemangioendothelioma (Dabska Tumor, Papillary Intralymphatic Angioendothelioma);175
10.1.2.14;Retiform Hemangioendothelioma;176
10.1.2.15;Kaposi Sarcoma;177
10.1.2.16;Angiosarcoma;178
10.1.3;Tumors of Adipose Tissue;179
10.1.3.1;Lipoma;179
10.1.3.2;Lipomatosis;180
10.1.3.3;Angiolipoma;181
10.1.3.4;Spindle Cell Lipoma/Pleomorphic Lipoma;182
10.1.3.5;Hibernoma;182
10.1.3.6;Liposarcoma;183
10.1.3.7;Well-Differentiated Liposarcomas/Atypical Lipomatous Tumor;184
10.1.3.8;Myxoid/Round Cell Liposarcoma;185
10.1.3.9;Pleomorphic Liposarcoma;187
10.1.3.10;De-differentiated Liposarcoma;187
10.1.4;Fibrous Tumors;188
10.1.4.1;Elastofibroma;188
10.1.4.2;Soft-Tissue Myxoma (Intramuscular Myxoma, Juxta-Articular Myxoma, Cutaneous Myxoma);189
10.1.4.3;Nuchal Fibroma;190
10.1.4.4;Keloid;191
10.1.4.5;Fibroma of tendon sheath;191
10.1.4.6;Desmoplastic Fibroblastoma;191
10.1.4.7;Calcifying Aponeurotic Fibroma;192
10.1.4.8;Fibromatoses;192
10.1.4.9;Solitary Fibrous Tumor;194
10.1.4.10;Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor;195
10.1.4.11;Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans;196
10.1.4.12;Low Grade Myxofibrosarcoma (Myxoid Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma);196
10.1.4.13;Low Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma (Hyalinizing Spindle Cell Tumor with Giant Rosettes);198
10.1.4.14;Adult Fibrosarcoma;198
10.1.4.15;Malignant Fibrohistiocytoma and Pleomorphic Undifferentiated Sarcoma;199
10.1.5;Myogenic Tumors;201
10.1.5.1;Leiomyoma (Soft-Tissue);201
10.1.5.2;Rhabdomyoma (Non-cardiac);201
10.1.5.3;Leiomyosarcoma;202
10.1.5.4;Rhabdomyosarcoma;203
10.1.6;Neural Tumors;206
10.1.6.1;Traumatic Neuroma;206
10.1.6.2;Schwannoma (Neurilemoma);206
10.1.6.3;Neurofibroma;207
10.1.6.4;Granular Cell Tumor (Granular Cell Schwannoma, Granular Cell Myoblastoma);208
10.1.6.5;Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST, Malignant Schwannoma, Neurofibrosarcoma);210
10.1.7;Tumors with Pericytic or Modified Perivascular Cell Differentiation;211
10.1.7.1;Glomus Tumor;211
10.1.7.2;Myopericytoma;212
10.1.7.3;Hemangiopericytoma;212
10.1.8;Tumors of Uncertain Histogenesis and Differentiation;213
10.1.8.1;Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft-Tissue (Malignant Melanoma of Soft Part);213
10.1.8.2;Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma;213
10.1.8.3;Ossifying Fibromyxoid Tumor;214
10.1.8.4;Synovial Sarcoma;215
10.1.8.5;Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma (Chordoid Sarcoma);215
10.1.8.6;Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma;217
10.1.8.7;Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor;217
10.1.8.8;Epithelioid Sarcoma;219
10.1.9;Non-neoplastic Conditions Frequently Misdiagnosed as Sarcoma (Pseudosarcoma);219
10.1.9.1;Nodular Fasciitis;219
10.1.9.2;Proliferative Fasciitis/Myositis;221
10.2;Suggested Readings;221
11;Index;222