Kunelius / Eide / Tegelberg Media and Global Climate Knowledge

Journalism and the IPCC
1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-1-137-52321-1
Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan US
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 323 Seiten

Reihe: Political Science and International Studies (R0)

This book is a broad and detailed case study of how journalists in more than 20 countries worldwide covered the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment (AR5) reports on the state of scientific knowledge relevant to climate change. Journalism, it demonstrates, is a key element in the transnational communication infrastructure of climate politics. It examines variations of coverage in different countries and locations all over the world. It looks at how IPCC scientists review the role of media, reflects on how media relate to decision-making structures and cultures, analyzes how key journalists reflect on the challenges of covering climate change, and shows how the message of IPCC was distributed in the global networks of social media.

Risto Kunelius is Professor of Journalism at University of Tampere, Finland.
Elisabeth Eide is Professor of Journalism at University College of Oslo and Akershus, Norway.
Matthew Tegelberg is Assistant Professor in the Department of Social Science at York University, Canada.
Dmitry Yagodin is Academy of Finland Research Fellow at the University of Tampere, Finland.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Kunelius, Risto

Eide, Elisabeth

Tegelberg, Matthew

Yagodin, Dmitry

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Foreword;5
2;Contents;7
3;Notes on the Contributors;10
4;List of Abbreviations;14
5;List of Figures;16
6;List of Tables;17
7;Chapter 1: The Problem: Climate Change, Politics and the Media;19
7.1;Scale: Width, Depth and Time;21
7.2;Complexity: Knowledge, Civic Epistemology, Institutions, Inequality;24
7.3;Political Imagination: Planning, Challenging, Deliberating;28
7.4;Climate Change, Media and Journalism;32
7.4.1;Global Geopolitical Reach;33
7.4.2;IPCC AR5 and the Dynamics of Global Media Events;33
7.4.3;Mainstream Print Bias and the Notion of the “Public”;35
7.4.4;The Space of Interpretation: Attention and Access;38
7.4.5;Moments in the Communication Process;45
7.4.6;Professional Challenges;46
7.5;Bibliography;47
8;Chapter 2: Scientists, Communication and the Space of Global Media Attention;51
8.1;The IPCC: Background and Challenges;54
8.2;IPCC Authors and Communication Challenges;56
8.3;Uncertainties as Obstacles?;58
8.4;Clarity and Its Limits;59
8.5;The Descriptive-Prescriptive Dilemma;60
8.6;Summaries for Policymakers: Suitable Communication?;62
8.7;Controversies;64
8.8;Climate Pragmatism: Concerning “Things People Love”?;65
8.9;The Politics of Framing;67
8.10;Conclusion: Navigating between Constraints;69
8.11;Notes;72
8.12;Bibliography;72
9;Chapter 3: Attention, Access and the Global Space of Interpretation: Media Dynamics of the IPCC AR5 Launch Year;76
9.1;Attention, Highlights and Voices;78
9.2;The Physical Science Base (WGI): Evidence Confirmed and Questioned;81
9.3;Impact, Adaptation and Vulnerability (WGII): Social and Other Consequences;84
9.4;Mitigation of Climate Change (WGIII): Alarm and Hope;87
9.5;The SYR: Global Concern;92
9.6;Reviewing the Broad Global Response;93
9.7;Bibliography;96
10;Chapter 4: Mediated Civic Epistemologies? Journalism, Domestication and the IPCC AR5;98
10.1;Domestication of International/Global News;100
10.2;Structural Constraints and Comparisons;102
10.3;Domestic Attention Politics and Access of Voices;106
10.4;Attention and Access: Local Dynamics;108
10.4.1;High Attention, Medium Domestication;109
10.4.2;Medium Attention, High Domestication;112
10.4.3;Low Coverage, High Domestication;114
10.4.4;Low Attention, Low Domestication;116
10.5;Mediated Civic Epistemologies: Four Preliminary Ideal Types;118
10.6;Bibliography;123
11;Chapter 5: Disaster, Risk or Opportunity? A Ten-­Country Comparison of Themes in Coverage of the IPCC AR5;126
11.1;Frames, Discourses, Themes;127
11.2;The Relative Absence of Cross-Country Studies;129
11.3;Results;134
11.4;Themes from Disaster to Opportunity;137
11.5;Conclusions;141
11.6;Bibliography;142
12;Chapter 6: Journalism, Climate Change, Justice and Solidarity: Editorializing the IPCC AR5;146
12.1;Theorizing Justice and Solidarity in a Globalizing World;147
12.1.1;Justice;147
12.1.2;Solidarity;151
12.2;Methodological Approach and Research Material;153
12.2.1;Exploring Spatial and Temporal Conceptions of Justice;154
12.2.2;Exploring Attitudes (Modality) Toward Justice;155
12.3;Attitudes Toward Justice in the Selected Articles;156
12.3.1;“The Climate Threat: A Political Problem”. Aftonbladet, Sweden;157
12.3.2;“In Joint Steps on Emissions, China and US Set Aside ‘You First’ Approach on Global Warming”. New York Times, USA;158
12.3.3;“Immediate Global Action Needed to Cut Greenhouse Gas Emissions”. The Yomiuri Shimbun, Japan;159
12.3.4;“Dire UN Climate Change Report is a Call to Action”. Toronto Star, Canada;160
12.3.5;“Climate: Let’s Move from Irresponsibility to Acts!” Le Monde, France;162
12.4;Conclusions;163
12.5;Bibliography;165
13;Chapter 7: Emerging Economies and BRICS Climate Policy: The Justifying Role of Media;168
13.1;Non-Western Media Systems;170
13.2;Socio-Economic Factors;172
13.3;Key Interpreters of the IPCC Report and Climate Change;175
13.4;Thematic Analysis of the Media Content;177
13.4.1;Biofuel and Responsibilities in Brazil;178
13.4.2;Energy Efficiency Through Natural Gas in Russia;179
13.4.3;National Strategy and Global Obligations in China;181
13.4.4;Policy Efficiency in South Africa;182
13.5; Conclusion;184
13.6;Bibliography;185
14;Chapter 8: Who Captures the Voice of the Climate? Policy Networks and the Political Role of Media in Australia, France and Japan;188
14.1;Climate Change, “Wicked Problem” and the Concept of Networks;188
14.2;Climate-Energy Politics and Journalistic Cultures;191
14.2.1;Australia: Contentious Politics, Vocal Climate Skeptics and Heavy Reliance on Coal;192
14.2.2;France: Consensus Science, Market-Based Political Actions and the Established Hegemony of Nuclear;193
14.2.3;Japan: Authorized Science, Political Battle on Mitigation Targets and Polarized Nuclear Debate;194
14.2.4;Journalistic Cultures in Australia, France and Japan: Liberal, Pluralist or Corporatist Model;195
14.3;Voice Representation in the IPCC AR5 Coverage;196
14.3.1;Dominance of the Voices: Whose Voices were Authorized and Dominant?;199
14.3.2;Diversity of the Voices: How Diversified is the Voice Representation?;199
14.4;Policy Networks and the Role of Media in the Networks;200
14.4.1;Australia: Two Opposing Networks and Media Polarization on Carbon Price;201
14.4.2;France: Two Continuum Networks and the Media’s Reproduction of Elite Science Discourses;203
14.4.3;Japan: Two-Tiered Networks and the Media’s Polarization of Nuclear Power;204
14.5;Mediated Division of Climate Debate and the Need for New Broker-Journalism?;205
14.6;Bibliography;207
15;Chapter 9: Following the Tweets: What Happened to the IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report on Twitter?;210
15.1;SYR as a Communication Actor-Network;211
15.2;The Prominence of Domestic Politics and Civil Society Actors;214
15.3;Interpretive Communities in the #IPCC SYR Communication Network;216
15.4;The Critical Advocacy of NGOs;219
15.5;Mass Media Domestication;221
15.6;Multimedia Attributes of the Network;223
15.7; Conclusion;225
15.8;Bibliography;226
16;Chapter 10: Climate Change and Development Journalism in the Global South;229
16.1;Development Journalism;232
16.2;Why Low Coverage in the “Global South”?;235
16.3;Domesticating the IPCC AR5;239
16.4;Climate Justice and Development;244
16.5; Conclusions: Faces and Voices;246
16.6;Bibliography;247
17;Chapter 11: Good Practices in Climate Science Journalism;250
17.1;How to Define “Good Practices”?;251
17.2;From the Arctic and Further South;254
17.3;Among the Ice and Snow;254
17.4;Coffee: Crops, Farmers and Consumers;257
17.5;Biogas Hope in Uganda;260
17.6;Solar Hope in Texas and Micro-Loans in Bangladesh;261
17.7;The View from Just Above the Water;262
17.8;Addressing Uncertainty and Other Difficult Issues;264
17.9;Consumer Responsibility;265
17.10;The Science Perspective;266
17.11; Conclusions and Perspectives;267
17.12;Bibliography;270
18;Chapter 12: Key Journalists and the IPCC AR5: Toward Reflexive Professionalism?;272
18.1;Professionalism and Its Uses;273
18.2;Global Climate Journalism?;276
18.3;Communicating the IPCC AR5: A Mixed Judgment;280
18.4;The Logic of Journalism: A Reflexive Self-Criticism;282
18.5;Roles and Relationships: Boundaries of the Interpretative Community;284
18.6;Professional Exceptionalism and the Climate Beat;288
18.7; Conclusion: Resources of Reflexivity;290
18.8;Bibliography;292
19;Chapter 13: Conclusion: From Assessments to Solutions;296
19.1;Key Findings;298
19.2;Lessons for the IPCC;300
19.3;Lessons for Journalism;302
19.4;Lessons for (Media) Research;304
19.5;Bibliography;306
20;Appendix: Newspaper Articles Codebook for IPCC AR5 Stories;307
21;Bibliography;311
22;Index;315