Subverting Aristotle

Religion, History, and Philosophy in Early Modern Science
Erscheinungsjahr 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4214-1316-7
Verlag: Johns Hopkins University Press

Buch, Englisch, 272 Seiten, Format (B × H): 156 mm x 233 mm, Gewicht: 498 g

How new thinking about history, evidence, and scientific authority depended on undermining the authority of Aristotelianism.

“The belief that Aristotle’s philosophy is incompatible with Christianity is hardly controversial today,” writes Craig Martin. Yet “for centuries, Christian culture embraced Aristotelian thought as its own, reconciling his philosophy with theology and church doctrine. The image of Aristotle as source of religious truth withered in the seventeenth century, the same century in which he ceased being an authority for natural philosophy.”

In this fresh study of the complicated origins of revolutionary science in the age of Bacon, Hobbes, and Boyle, Martin traces one of the most important developments in Western European history: the rise and fall of Aristotelianism from the eleventh to the eighteenth century.

Medieval theologians reconciled Aristotelian natural philosophy with Christian dogma in a synthesis that dominated religious thought for centuries. This synthesis unraveled in the seventeenth century contemporaneously with the emergence of the new natural philosophies of the scientific revolution. Important figures of seventeenth-century thought strove to show that the medieval appropriation of Aristotle defied the historical record that pointed to an impious figure of dubious morality.

While numerous scholars have written on the seventeenth-century downfall of Aristotelianism, almost all of those works have examined how the conceptual content of the new sciences—such as the heliocentric cosmology, atomism, mechanical and mathematical models, and experimentalism—were used to dismiss the views of Aristotle. Subverting Aristotle is the first to focus on the religious polemics accompanying the scientific controversies that led to the eventual demise of Aristotelian natural philosophy.

Martin’s thesis draws extensively on primary source material from England, France, Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands. It alters present perceptions not only of the scientific revolution but also of the role of Renaissance humanism in the forging of modernity.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Martin, Craig

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Religionswissenschaft Religionswissenschaft Allgemein Religion & Wissenschaft
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Europäische Geschichte
• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaften: Allgemeines Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Formalen Wissenschaften & Technik
• Geisteswissenschaften Philosophie Geschichte der Westlichen Philosophie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction
1. Scholasticism, Appropriation, and Censure
2. Humanists' Invectives and Aristotle's Impiety
3. Renaissance Aristotle, Renaissance Averroes
4. Italian Aristotelianism after Pomponazzi
5. Religious Reform and the Reassessment of Aristotelianism
6. Learned Anti-Aristotelianism
7. History, Erudition, and Aristotle's Past
8. The New Sciences, Religion, and the Struggle over Aristotle
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Notes
Principal Primary Sources
Index

Über Autor(innen)

Martin, Craig
Craig Martin is an associate professor of history at Oakland University and author of Renaissance Meteorology: Pomponazzi to Descartes, also published by Johns Hopkins.