Buch, Englisch, 736 Seiten, Format (B × H): 153 mm x 233 mm, Gewicht: 1328 g
Reihe: sequenzia
The Macy Conferences 1946–1953. The Complete Transactions
Buch, Englisch, 736 Seiten, Format (B × H): 153 mm x 233 mm, Gewicht: 1328 g
Reihe: sequenzia
ISBN: 978-3-03734-598-6
Verlag: diaphanes
Between 1946 and 1953 ten conferences under the heading "Cybernetics. Circular, Causal, and Feedback Mechanisms in Biological and Social Systems" were held. Sponsored by Josiah Macy Jr., the so-called Macy Conferences mark perhaps the most important event in the history of science after WW II. Using new terms such as "information", "feedback", and "analogical/digital" as starting point, the participants tried to develop a universal theory of regulation and control, that would be applicable to living beings as well as to machines, to economic as well as to mental processes, and to sociological as well as to aesthetical phenomena. These concepts permeate thinking in such diverse fields as biology, neurology, sociology, language studies, computer science, and even psychoanalysis, ecology, politics, and economy. They marked the epoch-making changes from thermodynamics to cybernetics (Wiener), from the disciplinary to control society (Deleuze), and from the industrial to information society (Lyotard).
The Macy Conferences are of special historical/scientific value since they do not deal with completed texts yet, but rather with interdisciplinary negotiations about an emerging epistemology. This edition contains the complete transcription and protocols of all Macy Conference contributions.
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9Editorial Note (Claus Pias)11 - 26The Age of Cybernetics (Claus Pias)29 - 40Introductory Discussion41 - 65The Psychological Moment in Perception (John Stroud)66 - 97The Neurotic Potential and Human Adaptation (Lawrence S. Kubie)98 - 121Quantum Mechanical Theory of Memory (Heinz von Foerster)122 - 159Possible Mechanisms of Recall and Recognition160 - 162Sensory Prosthesises (Norbert Wiener)163 - 164References (1949)1661950. Participants167 - 168Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1950) (Frank Fremont-Smith)169Introductory Remarks (Warren S. McCulloch)171 - 202Some of the Problems Concerning Digital Notions in the Central Nervous System (Ralph W. Gerard)203 - 247The Manner in Which and Extent to Which Speech Can Be Distorted and Remain Intelligible (J.C.R. Licklider)248 - 272The Redundancy of English (Claude E. Shannon)273 - 290Experience in Learning Primitive Languages Through the Use of Learning High Level Linguistic Abstractions (Margaret Mead)291 - 302On the Development of Word Meanings (Heinz Werner)303 - 306The Development of Language in Early Childhood (John Stroud)307 - 325The Relationship of Symbolic Function in Language Formation and in Neurosis (Lawrence S. Kubie)326 - 334Appendix I: Body Symbolization and Development of Language (Lawrence S. Kubie)335Appendix II: References (1950)3381951. Participants339 - 340Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1951) (Frank Fremont-Smith)341 - 348A Note by the Editors (1951) (Margaret Mead, Hans Lukas Teuber, Heinz von Foerster)349 - 381Communication Patterns in Problem-Solving Groups (Alex Bavelas)382 - 415Communication Between Men (Ivor A. Richards)416 - 445Communication Between Sane and Insane (Lawrence S. Kubie)446 - 473Communication Between Animals (Herbert G. Birch)474 - 479Presentation of a Maze-Solving Machine (Claude E. Shannon)480 - 509In Search of Basic Symbols (Donald M. MacKay)511 - 523Appendix I: The Nomenclature of Information Theory (Donald M. MacKay)525 - 528Appendix II: References (1951)5301952. Participants531 - 532Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1952) (Frank Fremont-Smith)533 - 540A Note by the Editors (1952) (Margaret Mead, Hans Lukas Teuber, Heinz von Foerster)541 - 574The Position of Humor in Human Communication (Gregory Bateson)575 - 592The Place of Emotions in the Feedback Concept (Lawrence S. Kubie)593 - 619Homeostasis (W. Ross Ashby)620 - 628Discrimination and Learning in Octopus (J.Z. Young)629 - 633Reduction of the Number of Possible Boolean Functions (John R. Bowman)634 - 650Central Excitation and Inhibition (Ralph W. Gerard)651 - 653Mechanical Chess Player (W. Ross Ashby)654 - 656Turbulence as Random Stimulation of Sense Organs (G. Evelyn Hutchinson)657 - 665Investigations on Synaptic Transmission (Walter Pitts)666 - 676Feedback Mechanism in Cellular Biology (Henry Quastler)677 - 679Appendix I: References (1952)6821953. Participants683Foreword (Frank Fremont-Smith)685 - 686The Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1953) (Frank Fremont-Smith)687 - 688Introductory Remarks (Warren S. McCulloch)689 - 696Studies on Activity of the Brain (W. Grey-Walter)697 - 706Semantic Information and its Measures (Yehoshua Bar-Hillel)707 - 718Meaning in Language and How it is Acquired (Yuen Ren Chao)719 - 725Appendix I: Summary of the Points of Agreement Reached in the Previous Nine Conferences on Cybernetics (Warren S. McCulloch)727 - 728Appendix II: References (1953)729 - 734Index
| 9 | Editorial Note | (Claus Pias) | ||
| 11 | - | 26 | The Age of Cybernetics | (Claus Pias) |
| 29 | - | 40 | Introductory Discussion | |
| 41 | - | 65 | The Psychological Moment in Perception | (John Stroud) |
| 66 | - | 97 | The Neurotic Potential and Human Adaptation | (Lawrence S. Kubie) |
| 98 | - | 121 | Quantum Mechanical Theory of Memory | (Heinz von Foerster) |
| 122 | - | 159 | Possible Mechanisms of Recall and Recognition | |
| 160 | - | 162 | Sensory Prosthesises | (Norbert Wiener) |
| 163 | - | 164 | References (1949) | |
| 166 | 1950. Participants | |||
| 167 | - | 168 | Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1950) | (Frank Fremont-Smith) |
| 169 | Introductory Remarks | (Warren S. McCulloch) | ||
| 171 | - | 202 | Some of the Problems Concerning Digital Notions in the Central Nervous System | (Ralph W. Gerard) |
| 203 | - | 247 | The Manner in Which and Extent to Which Speech Can Be Distorted and Remain Intelligible | (J.C.R. Licklider) |
| 248 | - | 272 | The Redundancy of English | (Claude E. Shannon) |
| 273 | - | 290 | Experience in Learning Primitive Languages Through the Use of Learning High Level Linguistic Abstractions | (Margaret Mead) |
| 291 | - | 302 | On the Development of Word Meanings | (Heinz Werner) |
| 303 | - | 306 | The Development of Language in Early Childhood | (John Stroud) |
| 307 | - | 325 | The Relationship of Symbolic Function in Language Formation and in Neurosis | (Lawrence S. Kubie) |
| 326 | - | 334 | Appendix I: Body Symbolization and Development of Language | (Lawrence S. Kubie) |
| 335 | Appendix II: References (1950) | |||
| 338 | 1951. Participants | |||
| 339 | - | 340 | Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1951) | (Frank Fremont-Smith) |
| 341 | - | 348 | A Note by the Editors (1951) | (Margaret Mead, Hans Lukas Teuber, Heinz von Foerster) |
| 349 | - | 381 | Communication Patterns in Problem-Solving Groups | (Alex Bavelas) |
| 382 | - | 415 | Communication Between Men | (Ivor A. Richards) |
| 416 | - | 445 | Communication Between Sane and Insane | (Lawrence S. Kubie) |
| 446 | - | 473 | Communication Between Animals | (Herbert G. Birch) |
| 474 | - | 479 | Presentation of a Maze-Solving Machine | (Claude E. Shannon) |
| 480 | - | 509 | In Search of Basic Symbols | (Donald M. MacKay) |
| 511 | - | 523 | Appendix I: The Nomenclature of Information Theory | (Donald M. MacKay) |
| 525 | - | 528 | Appendix II: References (1951) | |
| 530 | 1952. Participants | |||
| 531 | - | 532 | Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1952) | (Frank Fremont-Smith) |
| 533 | - | 540 | A Note by the Editors (1952) | (Margaret Mead, Hans Lukas Teuber, Heinz von Foerster) |
| 541 | - | 574 | The Position of Humor in Human Communication | (Gregory Bateson) |
| 575 | - | 592 | The Place of Emotions in the Feedback Concept | (Lawrence S. Kubie) |
| 593 | - | 619 | Homeostasis | (W. Ross Ashby) |
| 620 | - | 628 | Discrimination and Learning in Octopus | (J.Z. Young) |
| 629 | - | 633 | Reduction of the Number of Possible Boolean Functions | (John R. Bowman) |
| 634 | - | 650 | Central Excitation and Inhibition | (Ralph W. Gerard) |
| 651 | - | 653 | Mechanical Chess Player | (W. Ross Ashby) |
| 654 | - | 656 | Turbulence as Random Stimulation of Sense Organs | (G. Evelyn Hutchinson) |
| 657 | - | 665 | Investigations on Synaptic Transmission | (Walter Pitts) |
| 666 | - | 676 | Feedback Mechanism in Cellular Biology | (Henry Quastler) |
| 677 | - | 679 | Appendix I: References (1952) | |
| 682 | 1953. Participants | |||
| 683 | Foreword | (Frank Fremont-Smith) | ||
| 685 | - | 686 | The Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation Conference Program (1953) | (Frank Fremont-Smith) |
| 687 | - | 688 | Introductory Remarks | (Warren S. McCulloch) |
| 689 | - | 696 | Studies on Activity of the Brain | (W. Grey-Walter) |
| 697 | - | 706 | Semantic Information and its Measures | (Yehoshua Bar-Hillel) |
| 707 | - | 718 | Meaning in Language and How it is Acquired | (Yuen Ren Chao) |
| 719 | - | 725 | Appendix I: Summary of the Points of Agreement Reached in the Previous Nine Conferences on Cybernetics | (Warren S. McCulloch) |
| 727 | - | 728 | Appendix II: References (1953) | |
| 729 | - | 734 | Index |
