Radspieler The Ethnic German Refugee in Austria 1945 to 1954

1955
ISBN: 978-94-011-7910-2
Verlag: Springer Netherland
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 2, 212 Seiten, eBook

Reihe: Studies of Social Life

"The Ethnic German Refugee in Austria 1945 to 1954" is an objective book and that is why the reading of this extremely interesting study creates a feeling of sadness, but at the same time a conviction that it is still possible to alleviate the grief of the numerous refugees in Austria, provided properly co-ordinated assistance is offered. The resultant feeling of sadness, which is most acute, is due to the characteristic of this book in which facts and figures are given in a purely scientific and sober manner, thus driving home the truly horrible human folly that was at the bottom of two world wars. Millions of people were turned from house and home, people for whom the very notion of "native country" has become a lata morgana. As flotsam and jetsam they have drifted to lands and places where they are not at all or barely welcome, and where, on the whole, they cannot find a permanent and humane existence. This thorough study which is averse to sentimentality cannot fail to make a deep impression on the reader. Allowance is made for the difficult position in which Austria found herself after the first world war, and especially after the second; it is granted that nevertheless much has been done for the refugees there. Further it cannot be ignored that various official and private agencies have contributed greatly to lighten the burden of the refugees.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Radspieler, T.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

I. Introduction.- Definitions: Refugee.- Ethnic German Refugee.- Expellee.- Displaced Person.- Austrian Government Refugee Nomenclature: (Fremdsprachige Flüchtlinge) Non-German Speaking Refugees.- (Deutschsprachige Flüchtlinge) German Speaking Refugees.- (Deutsche Staatsangehörige) German Citizens.- (Südtiroler) South Tyroleans.- (Auslandjüdische Flüchtlinge) Alien Jewish Refugees.- II. Historical Background of the Ethnic German Refugee in Austria.- A. Ethnic German Groups in Austria Exceeding 100,000.- The Danube Swabians: Historical Development.- Economic Aspects.- Cultural and Social Aspects.- Recent Migratory Dispersions.- The Sudeten Germans: Geographical.- Ethnic Groups.- Historical Development.- Economic Activity.- Recent Migratory Trends.- B. Ethnic German Groups in Austria Numbering 5–20,000.- The Transylvanian Saxons: Historical Development.- Transylvanian Social Institutions.- Economic Aspects.- Migratory Dispersions.- The Carpathian Germans: Historical Development.- Four Linguistic Islands.- Migratory Dispersions.- The Slovenian Germans: The Kocevje Settlement (Gottschee).- Ethnic Germans diffused among Slovenian Population.- The Bukovina Germans: Historical Development.- Recent Migratory Dispersions and Other Related Aspects.- Ethnic Germans from Polish Galicia.- C. Ethnic German Refugees in Austria Numbering Less Than 5,000.- Bosnia and Herzegovina.- The Ethnic Germans from Russia.- Sathmar (Satu-Mare) Romanian Ethnic Germans.- Ethnic Germans from Bulgaria.- The Bessarabian Germans.- Summary.- III. Statistical and Demographic Aspects.- A. Introduction.- B. Regional Distribution in Austria.- Distribution by Occupation Zones: US Zone.- British Zone.- French Zone.- Soviet Zone.- Vienna.- Location of Naturalized Ethnic Germans.- C. Age and Sex Structure of the Ethnic German Refugee.- D. Naturalization.- Ethnic Groups: Czech Ethnic Germans (Sudeten and Carpathian Groups).- Danube Swabians.- Saxons, Bukovina, Satu-Mare, Bessarabian Germans.- Ethnic Germans from Austrian Border Regions.- Stateless Categories.- Naturalization Decline.- E. Emigration.- Ethnic Groups Emigrating.- Organizations Assisting Refugee Emigration.- The Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration.- Voluntary Agencies Assisting Emigration.- The Emigration Outlook for Ethnic Germans in Austria.- Summary.- IV. The Legal Status of the Ethnic German Refugee in Austria.- A. General Remarks and Definition of Statelessness.- B. Authorities and Competences Regulating Refugee Life in Austria.- U.N. Subsidiary Organizations: The UNRRA.- The IRO.- The UNHCR.- C Public and Private Rights of the Ethnic German Refugee in Austria.- Public Rights: Alien Movement in Austria: Entry into Austria.- Establishment of Identity.- Residence Permission.- Travel Documents.- Petition for Grace and Amnesty.- Expulsion and Extradition.- Gainful Employment: Wage Earning.- Placement of Invalids.- Establishment of Trade or Business.- Physicians.- Jurists.- Public Relief.- Social Insurance: Emergency Aid.- Pensions for Ethnic German Regufees.- Access to Courts as Plaintiff or Defendant.- Right of Association.- Public Education.- Apprenticeship.- Private Rights: Family Rights: Marriage.- Divorce.- Adoption.- Rights of Property: Housing.- Other Property Rights.- D. Naturalization Procedure.- The Waiver (Verzichtrevers).- The Effect of Naturalization upon Wife and Children.- German Citizenship Law (Staatsangehörigkeitsgesetz).- E. The Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees.- Summary.- V. The Economic Status of the Ethnic German Refugee in Austria.- A. The Agrarian Sector.- Farm Labor Shortage.- Austrian Government Refugee Integration Scheme.- Available Land Supply.- Principal Refugee Groups to be Considered.- Limiting Factors.- Salzburg Refugee Farm-Integration Conference.- AFSC Farm Loan Program.- Heimat Oesterreich.- Other Organizations.- Summary.- B. The Industrial Sector.- Ethnic Germans in Industry.- Trade Unions.- Gablonz Industry.- Handicraft and Independent Trades.- Estimates for the Future.- Summary.- C. housing conditions.- Housing Control Law.- Refugee Housing.- Approximation of Total New Construction.- Estimated Need.- Advantage of Permanent Construction.- Summary.- D. welfare assistance.- Uncertain Status of the Ethnic Germans.- Voluntary Welfare Agencies.- Welfare Aid by the Austrian National Government.- Permanent Welfare vs/Integration.- Co-ordination of Activities.- Summary.- E. refugee finance institutions and projects.- Refugee Finance in Styria.- Refugee Bank for All Austria.- Organization of Refugee Credit System in Austria.- Summary.- VI. The Social, Political and Psychological Status of the Ethnic German Refugee in Austria.- A. Social Status.- Camp Life and the Family.- Religion.- Public Education and Vocational Training.- The Aged and Disabled.- Broken Families.- Ethnic German War Veterans.- B. Socio-Political Organization.- Social and Cultural Groups.- The Ethnic German Regional Advisory Offices.- The Ministerial Committee for Refugee Affairs.- The Federal Advisory Council to the Ministerial Committee for Refugee Affairs.- Federal Office for Refugee Resettlement.- Austrian Governmental Administration of Refugee Affairs.- C. Political Factors.- The „Proporz“ System.- Refugee Newspapers.- D. Psychological Aspects.- General.- The Ethnic German Refugee and the Non-German Speaking Refugee.- Summary.- VII. A Summary of Past Contributions and Future Needs.- A. The Austrian Contribution to the Ethnic German Refugee.- B. The Ethnic German Contribution to Austria.- C. Ethnic German Refugee Needs in Austria.