Speight Handbook of Industrial Hydrocarbon Processes

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-08-094271-1
Verlag: Elsevier Reference Monographs
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 602 Seiten

Written by an author with over 38 years of experience in the chemical and petrochemical process industry, this handbook will present an analysis of the process steps used to produce industrial hydrocarbons from various raw materials. It is the first book to offer a thorough analysis of external factors effecting production such as: cost, availability and environmental legislation.
An A-Z list of raw materials and their properties are presented along with a commentary regarding their cost and availability. Specific processing operations described in the book include: distillation, thermal cracking and coking, catalytic methods, hydroprocesses, thermal and catalytic reforming, isomerization, alkylation processes, polymerization processes, solvent processes, water removal, fractionation and acid gas removal.
o Flow diagrams and descriptions of more than 250 leading-edge process technologies.
o An analysis of chemical reactions and process steps that are required to produce chemicals from various raw materials
o Properties, availability and environmental impact of various raw materials used in hydrocarbon processing


James G. Speight is a senior fuel consultant as well as an Adjunct Professor of Chemical and Fuels Engineering at the University of Utah, USA. He is recognized internationally as an expert in the characterization, properties, and processing of conventional and synthetic fuels and as a chemist with more than 35 years of experience in thermal/process chemistry, thermodynamics, refining of petroleum, heavy oil, and tar sand bitumen, and physics of crude with emphasis on distillation, visbreaking, coking units, and oil-rock or oil catalyst interactions. Speight is currently Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Petroleum Science and Technology, Energy Sources-Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, and Energy Sources-Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy. He is also the author/editor/compiler of more than 25 books and bibliographies related to fossil fuel processing and environmental issues.
Speight was Chief Scientific Officer and then Chief Executive Officer of the Western Research Institute, Laramie, WY, USA, from 1984 to 2000. During this period he led a staff of more that 150 scientists, engineers, and technicians in developing new technology for gas processing, petroleum, shale oil, tar sand bitumen, and asphalt. Speight has considerable expertise in evaluating new technologies for patentability and commercial application. As a result of his work, he was awarded the Diploma of Honor, National Petroleum Engineering Society, for outstanding contributions to the petroleum industry in 1995 and the Gold Medal of Russian Academy of Sciences (Natural) for outstanding work in the area of petroleum science in 1996. He has also received the Specialist Invitation Program Speakers Award from NEDO (New Energy Development Organization, Government of Japan) in 1987 and again in 1996 for his contributions to coal research. In 2001, he was also awarded the Einstein Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Natural) in recognition of outstanding contributions and

Autoren/Hrsg.

Speight, James

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Handbook of Industrial Hydrocarbon Processes;4
3;Copyright;5
4;Contents;6
5;Preface;14
6;Chapter 1 Chemistry and Chemical Technology;16
6.1;1 Introduction;17
6.2;2 Organic chemistry;18
6.3;3 Chemical engineering;22
6.4;4 Chemical technology;24
6.5;5 Hydrocarbons;28
6.6;6 Non-hydrocarbons;40
6.7;7 Properties of hydrocarbons;46
6.8;References;56
7;Chapter 2 Sources of Hydrocarbons;58
7.1;1 Introduction;58
7.2;2 Natural products - Reservoirs and deposits;61
7.3;References;98
8;Chapter 3 Hydrocarbons from Petroleum;100
8.1;1 Introduction;101
8.2;2 Gaseous products;104
8.3;3 Naphtha;107
8.4;4 Gasoline;115
8.5;5 Kerosene and related fuels;122
8.6;6 Diesel fuel;125
8.7;7 Gas oil and fuel oil;126
8.8;8 Lubricating oil;128
8.9;9 Wax;137
8.10;References;140
9;Chapter 4 Production of Hydrocarbons from Natural Gas;142
9.1;1 Introduction;142
9.2;2 Gas processing;144
9.3;3 Natural gas hydrates;159
9.4;4 Hydrocarbon products;167
9.5;References;177
10;Chapter 5 Hydrocarbons from Coal;178
10.1;1 Introduction;179
10.2;2 Occurrence and reserves;180
10.3;3 Formation and types;181
10.4;4 Mining and preparation;184
10.5;5 Properties;189
10.6;6 Hydrocarbons from coal;190
10.7;7 Liquid hydrocarbons;206
10.8;8 Solid hydrocarbons;214
10.9;References;215
11;Chapter 6 Hydrocarbons from Oil Shale;218
11.1;1 Introduction;218
11.2;2 History;220
11.3;3 Origin;226
11.4;4 Kerogen;227
11.5;5 Occurrence;230
11.6;6 Hydrocarbon fuels;232
11.7;7 Refining shale oil;238
11.8;8 Environmental aspects;247
11.9;9 The future;251
11.10;References;253
12;Chapter 7 Hydrocarbons from Biomass;256
12.1;1 Introduction;256
12.2;2 Wood;261
12.3;3 Plants;279
12.4;4 Biomass conversion;290
12.5;References;293
13;Chapter 8 Hydrocarbons from Synthesis Gas;296
13.1;1 Introduction;296
13.2;2 Coal gasification;300
13.3;3 Gasification of petroleum fractions;306
13.4;4 Gasification of other feedstocks;319
13.5;5 Fischer-Tropsch process;321
13.6;References;338
14;Chapter 9 Chemical and Physical Properties of Hydrocarbons;340
14.1;1 Introduction;340
14.2;2 Stereochemistry;341
14.3;3 Molecular weight;344
14.4;4 Chemical properties;345
14.5;5 Physical properties;350
14.6;References;367
15;Chapter 10 Combustion of Hydrocarbons;370
15.1;1 Introduction;370
15.2;2 Combustion chemistry;373
15.3;3 Slow combustion;377
15.4;4 Rapid combustion;379
15.5;5 Complete and incomplete combustion;381
15.6;6 Spontaneous combustion;382
15.7;7 Process parameters;384
15.8;8 Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels;390
15.9;References;408
16;Chapter 11 Thermal Decomposition of Hydrocarbons;410
16.1;1 Introduction;410
16.2;2 Thermal decomposition;411
16.3;3 Catalytic decomposition;421
16.4;4 Dehydrogenation;433
16.5;5 Dehydrocyclization;437
16.6;References;442
17;Chapter 12 Petrochemicals;444
17.1;1 Introduction;444
17.2;2 Chemicals from paraffins;457
17.3;3 Chemicals from olefins;462
17.4;4 Chemicals from aromatic hydrocarbons;468
17.5;5 Chemicals from acetylene;470
17.6;6 Chemicals from natural gas;475
17.7;7 Chemicals from synthesis gas;478
17.8;References;480
18;Chapter 13 Pharmaceuticals;482
18.1;1 Introduction;482
18.2;2 History;483
18.3;3 Hydrocarbon pharmaceuticals;486
18.4;4 Misuse and toxicity of hydrocarbons;502
18.5;References;511
19;Chapter 14 Monomers, Polymers, and Plastics;514
19.1;1 Introduction;514
19.2;2 Polymerization;516
19.3;3 Polymers;522
19.4;4 Plastics;541
19.5;References;551
20;Chapter 15 Environmental Effects of Hydrocarbons;554
20.1;1 Introduction;554
20.2;2 Release into the environment;557
20.3;3 Analysis of hydrocarbons in the environment;561
20.4;4 Toxicity hazards;580
20.5;5 Remediation of hydrocarbon spills;587
20.6;References;590
21;Glossary;592
22;Index;646