Meteorology in Nineteenth-Century Society

Volume II: Cyclones, Trade, Navigation and Society
1. Auflage 2025
ISBN: 978-1-032-54828-9
Verlag: Taylor & Francis Ltd (Sales)

Buch, Englisch, 510 Seiten, Format (B × H): 156 mm x 234 mm, Gewicht: 889 g

Reihe: Nineteenth-Century Science, Technology and Medicine: Sources and Documents

This four-volume set of thematically focused and curated primary sources examines meteorology in nineteenth-century society. Knowing the history of meteorology and climatology since their inception as physical sciences in the nineteenth century is fundamental to understanding the causes and historical patterns of the severe weather and climate change that greatly preoccupy today’s society. Thematically focused collections of primary sources support the research and study needs not only of scholars, but also graduate and postgraduate students. To this end, the volumes contextualize and explain the contents of these sources. The collection brings together the most relevant themes in current scholarship: weather forecasting and nation-state building; cyclones, trade, and navigation; meteorology and religion; and weather, climate, and empire.

Zielgruppe

Postgraduate and Undergraduate Advanced

Autoren/Hrsg.

Anduaga, Aitor

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichtswissenschaft Allgemein
• Geowissenschaften Geologie Meteorologie, Klimatologie
• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaften: Allgemeines Enzyklopädien, Nachschlagewerke, Wörterbücher
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Weltgeschichte
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Weltgeschichte & Geschichte einzelner Länder und Gebietsräume Europäische Geschichte
• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaften: Allgemeines Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Formalen Wissenschaften & Technik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Volume II: Cyclones, Trade, Navigation and Society

Acknowledgments

General Introduction

Introduction to Volume II

Part 1. Early storm theories

1.1 Opposing current theory

1. Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, ‘On the Influence of the Rotation of the Earth on the Currents of its Atmosphere; Being Outlines of a General Theory of the Winds’, The London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, 11, 1837, pp. 227–31, 353–354, 360-363

2. Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, ‘Introduction’, in The Law of Storms. [London: G.E. Eyre & W. Spottiswoode, 1858]. Second edition, entirely revised and considerably enlarged, by R.H. Scott in 1862, The Law of Storms Considered in Connection with the Ordinary Movements of the Atmosphere

1.2 Whirlwind theory

3. William Charles Redfield, ‘Remarks on the Prevailing Storms of the Atlantic Coast of the North American States’, American Journal of Science, 20, 1831, pp. 17-23, 27-30, 44-51

4. William Charles Redfield, ‘Observations on the Storm of December 15, 1839’, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 8, 1843, pp. 77–80

1.3 Convective theory

5. James Pollard Espy, ‘Essays on Meteorology. No 1. Theory of Hail’, Journal of the Franklin Institute, 17, 1836, pp. 240–246

6. James Pollard Espy, ‘Essays on Meteorology. No III. Examination of Hutton’s Redfield’s and Olmstead’s Theories’, Journal of the Franklin Institute, 18, 1836, 100–108

7. James Pollard Espy, The Philosophy of Storms (Boston, MA: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1841), pp. v, viii-xxviii

1.4 Coriolis effect

8. William Ferrel, ‘The Influence of the Earth's Rotation Upon the Relative Motion of Bodies Near Its Surface’, Astronomical Journal, 5, 1858, pp. 97-100

Part 2. Ships’ logbooks and storm study

2.1 Wind and weather scale

9. James Capper, Observations on the Winds and Monsoons; Illustrated with a Chart, and Accompanied with Notes, Geographical and Meteorological (London: Printed by C. Whittingham, 1801), pp. ix-xxviii

10. Francis Beaufort’s wind and weather scale in the logbook of HMS Woolwich facing the page dated 13th January 1806.

2.2 Law of storms and British shipping

11. William Reid, An Attempt to Develop the Law of Storms by Means of Facts, Arranged According to Time and Place, and Hence to Point Out a Cause for the Variable Winds, with the View to Practical Use in Navigation. London: John Weale, 1838), pp. 1-4, 368-380

12. Henry Piddington, The Sailor’s Horn-Book for the Law of Storms, being a Practical Exposition of the Theory of the Law of Storms, and its Uses to Mariners of All Classes in All Parts of the World, Shewn by Transparent Storm Cards and Useful Lessons (London: Smith, Elder & Co., 1848), pp. 1-21, 64-70, 85-88

13. Alexander Thom, An Inquiry into the Nature and Course of Storms in the Indian Ocean, South of the Equator with a view of discovering their origin, extent, rotatory character, rate and direction of progression, barometric depression. for the practical purpose of enabling ships to ascertain the proximity and relative position of hurricanes. (London: Smith, Elder & Co., 1845), pp. iii-viii, 216-21, 230

14. British Admiralty, Admiralty Instructions for the Government of Her Majesty’s Naval Services (London: Stationery Office, 1844), pp. 172-173

2.3 Sailing directions

15. Matthew Fontaine Maury, Explanations and Sailing Directions to Accompany the Winds and Currents Charts (Washington, DC: C. Alexander, 1851), pp. 3-14, 54-60, 88-96

2.4 Rules

16. Charles Meldrum, ‘On the Weather and Hurricanes in the Indian Ocean from the 18th to the 29th of February, 1860’, Proceedings of the Meteorological Society of Mauritius (1861) 5, 1861, pp. 122–123, 156-158

17. Charles Meldrum, Notes on the form of Cyclones in the Southern Indian Ocean, and on some of the rules given for avoiding their centres. By C. Meldrum. Reprinted from the Monthly Notices of the Meteorological Society of Mauritius. [With a plate.] (London: Stationery Office, 1873), pp. 21-24

18. Ralph Abercromby, ‘On Meldrum’s Rules for Handling Ships in the Southern Indian Ocean’, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 44, 1888, pp. 314–317

2.5 Eastern seas

19. William Doberck, The Law of Storms in the Eastern Seas (Hong Kong: Hong Kong Telegraph, 1886)

Part 3. Storm forecasts and storm warnings

3.1 Forecasts and warnings

20. Robert FitzRoy, 1861. ‘On British Storms’, in Report of the Thirtieth Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science: Held at Oxford in June and July 1860 (London: John Murray, 1861), pp. 39-44.

21. Christoph Hendrik Diederik Buys Ballot, ‘On Storm Warnings’, Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester, 6, 1867, pp. 83–84.

22. John Frederick William Herschel, ‘On Barometric Waves, February 5th 1867’, Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester, 6, 1867, 91–93.

23. Joseph Baxendell, ‘On the Recent Suspension, by the Board of Trade, of Cautionary Storm Warnings’, Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester, 6, 1867, pp. 41–47

3.2 Galton Report

24. Report of a Committee Appointed to Consider Certain Questions Relating to the Meteorological Department of the Board of Trade [the Galton Report] (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1866), pp. 3-29, 31-38

Part 4. Popular meteorology

4.1 Astrometeorology

25. Patrick Murphy, Meteorology Considered in Its Connexion with Astronomy, Climate and Geographical Distribution of Animals and Plants Equally with the Seasons and Changes of the Weather (London: Printed for J.R. Bailliere & Co., 1836), pp. 32-37

26. Alfred J. Pearce, The Weather Guide Book. A Concise Exposition of Astronomic-Meteorology (London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., 1864), pp. 134-138

27. S.M. Saxby, Saxby’s Weather System or Lunar Influence on Weather (London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green. 2nd ed., 1864), pp. 1-8, 100-106

4.2 Almanacs

28. Dr. Simmonite's meteorologist, and daily account of the weather: predictions of epidemic diseases, the world's fate this year, and a complete almanack for 1853: containing also, an astronomical aspectarian, excellent guides for farmers, gardeners, astronomers, and botanic practitioners (London: G. Thorper Printer), pp. 5-9

4.3 Weather Prophecies

29. John Frederick William Herschel, 1864. ‘The Weather and Weather Prophets’, in Good Words, 5, 1864, pp. 57–64. Reprinted in John F.W. Herschel, Familiar Lectures on Scientific Subjects (New York, London: G. Routledge & sons; Strahan & co, 1871), pp. 142-157

4.4 Weather watchers

30. George Mackenzie, The System of the Weather of the British Islands; Discovered in 1816 and 1817 from a Journal Commencing November 1802 (Edinburgh: William Aitken, 1818), pp. ix-xiii, 3-7

31. Thomas Ignatius Maria Forster, Researches about Atmospheric Phaenomena (London: Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, 1815), pp. 165-176

32. George Augustus Rowell, An Essay on the Cause of Rain and its Allied Phenomena (Oxford: [published and sold by the author], 1859), pp. 1-13, 53-55

4.5 Amateur societies

33. George J. Symons, ‘History of the English Meteorological Societies’, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 7, 1881, pp. 65–95.

References

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Aitor Anduaga is a scholar of nineteenth- and twentieth-century science, who has specialized in the history of social, ideological and cultural dimensions of meteorology and geophysical sciences in general.