E-Book, Englisch, 272 Seiten
Barnett The Red Queen among Organizations
Course Book
ISBN: 978-1-4008-2448-9
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
How Competitiveness Evolves
E-Book, Englisch, 272 Seiten
ISBN: 978-1-4008-2448-9
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
There's a scene in Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking Glass in which the Red Queen, having just led a chase with Alice in which neither seems to have moved from the spot where they began, explains to the perplexed girl: "It takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place." Evolutionary biologists have used this scene to illustrate the evolutionary arms race among competing species. William Barnett argues that a similar dynamic is at work when organizations compete, shaping how firms and industries evolve over time.
Barnett examines the effects--and unforeseen perils--of competing and winning. He takes a fascinating, in-depth look at two of the most competitive industries--computer manufacturing and commercial banking--and derives some startling conclusions. Organizations that survive competition become stronger competitors--but only in the market contexts in which they succeed. Barnett shows how managers may think their experience will help them thrive in new markets and conditions, when in fact the opposite is likely to be the case. He finds that an organization's competitiveness at any given moment hinges on the organization's historical experience. Through Red Queen competition, weaker competitors fail, or they learn and adapt. This in turn heightens the intensity of competition and further strengthens survivors in an ever-evolving dynamic. Written by a leading organizational theorist, The Red Queen among Organizations challenges the prevailing wisdom about competition, revealing it to be a force that can make--and break--even the most successful organization.
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Weitere Infos & Material
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
CHAPTER ONE: WHY ARE SOME ORGANIZATIONS MORE COMPETITIVE THAN OTHERS? 1
"Competitiveness" Varies from Organization to Organization 3
Organizations Are Intendedly Rational Adaptive Systems 4
Organizations Compete with Similar Organizations 7
What It Takes to Win Depends on a Context's Logic
of Competition 8
Organizations Learn a Context's Logic of Competition by Competing 12
CHAPTER TWO: LOGICS OF COMPETITION 14
Analyzing Logics of Competition 17
Meta-Competition among Alternative Logics 28
The Logic of Predation 34
Discovering Logics of Competition 37
Summary and Implications for the Model 43
CHAPTER THREE: THE RED QUEEN 46
How Do Organizations Respond to Competition? 47
The Red Queen as an Ecology of Learning Organizations 50
Consequences of Constraint in Red Queen Evolution 59
Killing the Red Queen through Predation 69
Argument Summary 72
CHAPTER FOUR: EMPIRICALLY MODELING THE RED QUEEN 74
Modeling "Competitiveness" as a Property of Organizations 75
The Red Queen Model 77
Modeling a Pure-Selection Process 79
Modeling Myopia 80
Modeling the Implications of Predation 82
Modeling Organizational Founding 84
Modeling Organizational Survival 85
Comparisons to Other Ecological Models of
Organizations 87
CHAPTER FIVE: RED QUEEN COMPETITION AMONG COMMERCIAL BANKS 90
The Institutional Context of Twentieth-Century
U.S. Commerical Banking 90
Logics of Competition among U.S. Banks 97
Specifying the Red Queen Model for Illinois Banks 105
Estimates of the Bank Founding Models 109
Estimates of the Bank Failure Models 119
Summary of Findings 130
CHAPTER SIX: RED QUEEN COMPETITION AMONG COMPUTER MANUFACTURERS 132
The Computer Industry and Its Markets 136
Discovering Logics of Competition among
Mainframe Computer Manufacturers 138
Discovering Logics of Competition among
Midrange Computer Manufacturers 170
Discovering Logics of Competition among
Microcomputer Manufacturers 193
Summary of Findings 213
CHAPTER SEVEN: THE RED QUEEN AND ORGANIZATIONAL NERTIA 215
The Competition-Inertia Hypothesis 218
The Red Queen and Inertia among Computer
Manufacturers 222
The Red Queen and the Rise and Fall of Organizations 224
CHAPTER EIGHT: SOME IMPLICATIONS OF RED QUEEN COMPETITION 228
Managerial Implications of the Red Queen 230
Research Implications of the Red Queen 232
APPENDIX: DATA SOURCES AND COLLECTION METHODS 237
Commercial Banks 237
Computer Manufacturers 241
Notes 245
References 259
Index 275
