Encyclopedia of Lakes and Reservoirs

2012
ISBN: 978-1-4020-5616-1
Verlag: Springer

Buch, Englisch, 954 Seiten, Format (B × H): 219 mm x 284 mm, Gewicht: 2875 g

Reihe: Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series

The world’s growing population faces the challenge of meeting ever-larger demands for  fresh water, not only for drinking but also for agriculture, industry and recreation. Already some one billion people are at risk from over-use, water withdrawals and pollution of these water bodies So scientific knowledge of the lakes and reservoirs, which hold about 90% of the world's surface fresh water, is increasingly critical to meeting the multiplicity of needs.

The Encyclopedia of Lakes and Reservoirs offers a comprehensive and authoritative review of physical, chemical and ecological characteristics of lakes and reservoirs, as well as describing their uses and environmental conditions and trends in all parts of the world.

More than 165 scientists from over 30 countries have contributed in both large and small ways to this authoritative volume. Superbly illustrated throughout, it includes some 200 entries in a wide range of topics, including acidification, artificialisation, biology, canals, climate change effects, chemicals, dams, dew ponds, drainage, ecological, eutrophication, evaporation, fisheries, geographical, geological, hydrological, hydro-electric power, nutrients, organic pollution, paleolimnology, reservoir capacities and depths, sedimentation, water resources.

These include many of the most current and most controversial environmental problems.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Bengtsson, Lars

Herschy, Reginald W

Fairbridge, Rhodes W

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Ökologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Meeres- und Süßwasserökologie
• Geowissenschaften Geologie Limnologie (Süßwasser)
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Wasserversorgung
• Geowissenschaften Geologie Hydrologie, Hydrogeologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Acidification in Lakes.- Africa, Lakes Review.- Age Determination of Lake Deposits.- Alpin Lakes.- Alternative Stable States in Shallow Lakes.- Amazon Lakes.- Antarctic Lakes.- Antarctic Subglacial Lake Ellsworth.- Antarctic Subglacial Lake Vostok.- Antarctic Subglacial Lakes.- Aquatic Plants.- Arab Region, Lakes and Reservoirs.- Aral Sea.- Arch Dams, Development from Cut.-Stone Arches to Modern Design.- Arctic Lakes.- Artificial Wetlands.- Asia, Lakes Review.- Australia, Climate and Lakes.- Australia, Coastal Paleolakes of “Swanland”.- Baikal, Lake.- Balaton Lake in Hungary.- Baltic Sea Basin, History Since the Latest Deglaciation.- Basin.-Scale Internal Waves.- Bathymetrical Survey of the Scottish Freshwater Lochs, 1897–1909.- Beaver Dams and Ponds.- Bengal Basin, Sediment Sink.- Brownification of Lakes.- Carbon Cycle in Lakes.- Caribbean.-Central America, Lakes Review.- Carinthia Lakes and Reservoirs in Austria.- Caspian Sea.- Chad Lake.- Chilika Lake.- Chinese Lakes.- Circulation Processes in Lakes.- Classification of Lakes from Hydrological Function.- Classification of Lakes from Origin Processes.- Climate Change Effects on Lakes.- Climate Change: Factors Causing Variation or Change in the Climate.- Coastal Lagoons.- Cyanobacteria (Blue.-Green Algae).- Dam Failures: Impact on Reservoir Safety Legislation in Great Britain.- Dams and Reservoirs in Macedonia.- Dams and Reservoirs, Role.- Dams, Classification.- Dams, Flood Protection, and Risk.- Dead Sea.- Deltaic Swamps.- Dew Ponds.-Dissolved Oxygen in Ice.-Covered Lakes.- Double.-Diffusive Convection in Lakes.- Droughts and Water Management in England and Wales: With Particular Reference to Reservoirs and Lakes.- Ecological Threat to Lakes and Reservoirs.- English Lakes.- Estuarine Hydrology.- Europe, Lakes Review.- Eutrophication in Fresh Waters: An International Review.- Everglades, Florida, USA.- Fens, England.- Finnish Lakes.- Finnish Lakes, Trends and Regional Differences of Phytoplankton.- Floodplain Wetlands: Focusing on India.- Forth and Clyde and Union Ship Canals, UK.- Geneva Lake.- Gippsland Lakes.- Glacier Jökulhlaup.- Great Lake Processes: Thermal Structure, Circulation and Turbulent Diffusion Processes.- Great Lakes, North America.-Great Salt Lake.- Hazards.- Health Aspects of Lakes and Reservoirs.- Hydrodynamics and Circulation of Fjords.- Hydrodynamics of Very Shallow Lakes.- Hydrological Sizing of Water Supply Reservoirs.- Hydropower.- Ice Covered Lakes.- Ice Formation on Lakes and Ice Growth.- Icelandic Lakes, Physical Characteristics.- Indian Lakes.- Initial Mixing of Pollutants.- Internal Seiches.- Japanese Lakes.- Katse Dam: Lesotha Highlands Water Project.- Kingairloch Hydroelectric Scheme.- Kis.-Balaton and its Effect on Lake Balaton Water Quality.- Ladoga Lake and Onego Lake (Lakes Ladozhskoye and Onezhskoye).- Lake Ice.- Lake Monster.- Lake Outbursts.- Lake Restoration.- Lake Sediments.- Lake Shore Nomenclature.- Lake Surveying.- Lakes as Archives of Earth History.-Lakes on Earth, different types.- Large Dams and Environment.- Large Dams, Statistics and Critical Review.- Laurentian Great Lakes, Interaction of Coastal and Offshore Waters.- Light and Primary Production in Lakes.- Limnological Studies in Lake Erken Sweden.- Loch Katrine.- Lough.- Lough Neagh.- Macedonian Lakes.- Maracaibo Lake.- Marib Dam and Irrigation Project.- Mass Curve and Reservoir Design.- Memphremagog, Lake.- Meromictic Lakes.- Microorganisms in Lakes and Reservoirs.- Mixing in Lakes.- Myponga Reservoir, South Australia: The Influence of Nutrients, Phytoplankton, Pathogens, and Organic Carbon on Water Quality.- Nahuel Huapí, Lake.- Nasser Lake.- Nile Basin, Lakes.- North Delta Lakes, Egypt.- Nutrient Balance, Light, and Primary Production.- Okeechobee, Lake, Florida, USA.- Origin of Lakes and Their Physical Characteristics.- Paleolakes.- Paleolimnology.- Peipsi Lake in Estonia/Russia.- Phosphor Exchange Sediment.-Water.- Playa Lake Chains: The Example of the Yenyening Lakesof the Upper Avon River Catchment of Western Australia.- Poopó Lake, Bolivia.- Reservoir and Lake Trap Efficiency.- Reservoir Capacity.- Reservoir Sedimentation.- Reservoir Sedimentation in Australia under Extreme Conditions.- Reservoirs in Great Britain.- Reservoirs, Early British History.- Reservoirs, Multipurpose Use of Small Reservoirs.- Restoration of Urban Lakes in the NE Musi Basin, Hyderabad, India.- Riverine Thermal Bar.- Russian Lakes.- Russian Lakes, Geographical Classification.- Russian Water Reservoirs.- Saki, Lake (Crimea, Ukraine).- Satellite Data and Lakes.- Sedimentation Processes in Lakes.- Sediments, Flushing from Reservoirs.- Slovenia, Lakes and Reservoirs.- Source of Freshwater.- South America, Holocene Coastal Lagoons.- South America, Lakes Review.- Stratification and Mixing in Tropical African Lakes.- Stratification in Lakes.- Submerged Vegetation in Shallow Lakes.- Surface Seiches.- Suspended Sediment Concentration in Stratified Lakes estimated by Accoustic Methods.- Sweden’s Great Lakes.- Swedish Glacial Lakes: Estimation of the Number of Lakes of Different Sizes.- Tanganyika Lake, Modeling the Eco.-hydrodynamics.- Tanganyika Lake: Strong in Hydrodynamics, Diverse in Ecology.- Thames Water: Development of London’s Potable Water Supply and the Role of Bankside Storage Reservoirs.- Thermal Bar.- Thermal Regime of Lakes.- Thermobaric Stratification of Very Deep Lakes.- Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River in China.- Titicaca Lake.- Transboundary Waters: Rivers, Lakes, and Groundwaters.- Trophic Lake Classification.- Tsunami Effect on a Coastal Lake in India.- Turbidity Currents in Reservoirs.- Udaipur, Lakes.- United Kingdom, Largest Lakes.- United States: Principal Freshwater Lakes.- Urban Lakes and Ponds.- Venting Turbidity Currents in Reservoirs.- Victoria Lake.- Volume of Water in Lakes and Reservoirs: Determination.- Võrtsjärv Lake in Estonia.- Water Balance of Lakes.- Water Balance of the Laurentian Great Lakes.- Water Exchange Between Littoral Zone and Open Lake Water.- Water Framework Directive.- Water Quality for Drinking: WHO Guidelines.- Water Quality in Lakes and Reservoirs.- Wetland Areas and Lakes in Bulgaria.- Wetlands.- Wetlands of the Canadian Arctic.- Wetlands: Classification, Distribution, Function.- Wind Waves.- World Lake Database: International Lake Environment Committee Foundation (ILEC).- World Lake Vision.- Xiaolangdi Reservoir’s Role in Water and Sediment Regulation.

Über Autor(innen)

Herschy, Reginald W
Reginald Walter Herschy is a British consultant in hydrology dealing mainly with rivers, lakes and reservoirs. His work has taken him to Ireland, China, India, South Africa, Lesotho, Kenya, USA, Canada and South America. Dr Herschy was formerly with the UK Government for many years as head of hydrometry in England and Wales.  He is the author of some 60 technical papers on hydrology and meteorological satellites and author of several books. He is co-editor with the late Professor Rhodes Fairbridge of the Encyclopedia of Hydrology and Water Resources.

Bengtsson, Lars
Lars Bengtsson is professor in Water Resources Engineering at Lund University, Sweden. He was previously professor of hydrology at Uppsala University and Luleå Technical University and visiting professor in the USA, Canada and Hungary. He is and has been editorial board member of a large number of scientific journals. He has published more that 100 papers in international peer-reviewed journals. He specializes in physical processes in lakes and rivers and cold climate hydrology.

Lars Bengtsson is professor in Water Resources Engineering at Lund University, Sweden. He was previously professor of hydrology at Uppsala University and Luleå Technical University and visiting professor in the USA, Canada and Hungary. He is and has been editorial board member of a large number of scientific journals. He has published more that 100 papers in international peer-reviewed journals. He specializes in physical processes in lakes and rivers and cold climate hydrology. 

Reginald Walter Herschy is a British consultant in hydrology dealing mainly with rivers, lakes and reservoirs. His work has taken him to Ireland, China, India, South Africa, Lesotho, Kenya, USA, Canada and South America. Dr Herschy was formerly with the UK Government for many years as head of hydrometry in England and Wales.  He is the author of some 60 technical papers on hydrology and meteorological satellites and author of several books. He is co-editor with the late Professor Rhodes Fairbridge ofthe Encyclopedia of Hydrology and Water Resources.