Francois / Pineau From Charpy to Present Impact Testing

1. Auflage 2002
ISBN: 978-0-08-052897-7
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 494 Seiten, Web PDF

From Charpy to Present Impact Testing contains 52 peer-reviewed papers selected from those presented at the Charpy Centenary Conference held in Poitiers, France, 2-5 October 2001.
The name of Charpy remains associated with impact testing on notched specimens. At a time when many steam engines exploded, engineers were preoccupied with studying the resistance of steels to impact loading.
The Charpy test has provided invaluable indications on the impact properties of materials. It revealed the brittle ductile transition of ferritic steels.
The Charpy test is able to provide more quantitative results by instrumenting the striker, which allows the evolution of the applied load during the impact to be determined. The Charpy test is of great importance to evaluate the embrittlement of steels by irradiation in nuclear reactors. Progress in computer programming has allowed for a computer model of the test to be developed; a difficult task in view of its dynamic, three dimensional, adiabatic nature. Together with precise observations of the processes of fracture, this opens the possibility of transferring quantitatively the results of Charpy tests to real components. This test has also been extended to materials other than steels, and is also frequently used to test polymeric materials.
Thus the Charpy test is a tool of great importance and is still at the root of a number of investigations; this is the reason why it was felt that the centenary of the Charpy test had to be celebrated. The Société Française de Métallurgie et de Matériaux decided to organise an international conference which was put under the auspices of the European Society for the Integrity of Structures (ESIS).
This Charpy Centenary Conference (CCC 2001) was held in Poitiers, at Futuroscope in October 2001. More than 150 participants from 17 countries took part in the discussions and about one hundred presentations were given. An exhibition of equipment showed, not only present day testing machines, but also one of the first Charpy pendulums, brought all the way from Imperial College in London.
From Charpy to Present Impact Testing puts together a number of significant contributions. They are classified into 6 headings:
•Keynote lectures,
•Micromechanisms,
•Polymers,
•Testing procedures,
•Applications,
•Modelling.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Francois, D.

Pineau, A.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Contents;8
3;Preface;12
4;Part 1: Keynote Lectures;14
4.1;Chapter 1. Historical Background and Development of the Charpy Test;16
4.2;Chapter 2. Micromechanisms and the Charpy Transition Curve;34
4.3;Chapter 3. Finding Gc for Plastics Using Modified Charpy Tests;46
4.4;Chapter 4. Modelling of the Charpy Test as a Basis for Toughness Evaluation;58
4.5;Chapter 5. Evolution of the Charpy-V Test from a Quality Control Test to a Materials Evaluation Tool for Structural Integrity Assessment;70
5;Part 2: Micromechanisms;82
5.1;Chapter 6. Determination of Ductile Crack Initiation by Magnetic Emission and Potential Drop Techniques Using Pre-Cracked Charpy Specimens;84
5.2;Chapter 7. Influence of Ductile Tearing on Cleavage Triggering in Ductile-to-Brittle Transition of A508 Steel;92
5.3;Chapter 8. Correlation Between Impact Resistance and Fracture Toughness in Aged Duplex Stainless Steels;100
5.4;Chapter 9. Instrumented Testing of Simulated Charpy Specimens Made of Microalloyed Mn-Ni-V Steel;108
5.5;Chapter 10 .On the Utilization of the Instrumented Charpy Impact Test for Characterizing the Flow and Fracture Behavior of Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels;116
5.6;Chapter 11.Ductile-Brittle Transition Evaluation of Japanese Sword and Weld Metals Using Miniaturized Impact Specimens;132
6;Part 3: Polymers;140
6.1;Chapter 12. Application of Electric Emission Technique for Determining the Dynamic Fracture Toughness of Polymers;142
6.2;Chapter 13. Determination of Rate Dependent Fracture Toughness of Plastics Using Precracked Charpy Specimens;150
6.3;Chapter 14. Determination of Geometry-Independent Fracture Mechanics Values of Polymers;158
6.4;Chapter 15. Instrumented Impact Testing of Polymers;168
7;Part 4: Test Procedures;176
7.1;Chapter 16. Development in the Instrumented Impact Test- Computer Aided Instrumented Impact Testing Systems;178
7.2;Chapter 17. Analysis of Test Data Obtained from Charpy V and Impact Tensile Test;186
7.3;vChapter 18. The Validation of the Draft Standard for Instrumented Impact Testing (IIT) of Metallic Materials - Version 10:1994;194
7.4;Chapter 19. Results of a DVM Round Robin on Instrumented Charpy Testing;202
7.5;Chapter 20. Some Historical Aspects and the Development of the Charpy Test in Russia;210
7.6;Chapter 21. Instrumented Charpy Test Review and Application to Structural Integrity;218
7.7;Chapter 22. Problems Related to the Measurement of Load Signal in the Instrumented Charpy Impact Test;226
7.8;Chapter 23. Studies Toward Optimum Instrumented Striker Designs;234
7.9;Chapter 24. Observations on Differences Between the Energy Determined Using an Instrumented Striker and Dial/Encoder Energy;242
7.10;Chapter 25. Dynamic Fracture Toughness Determination Using Precracked Charpy Specimens;250
7.11;Chapter 26. Use of Instrumented Charpy Impact Tests for the Determination of Fracture Toughness Values;258
7.12;Chapter 27. Discussion of Testing Procedures for the Determination of the Toughness Properties of Laser Welded Joints;266
7.13;Chapter 28. Use of Charpy Impact Testing to Evaluate Crack Arrest Fracture Toughness;276
7.14;Chapter 29. Predicting Crack Arrest Behaviour of Structural Steels Using Small-Scale Material Characterisation Tests;284
7.15;Chapter 30. Fracture Mechanics Based Scaling Criteria for Miniature and Sub-Size Charpy-V Specimens;292
8;Part 5: Applications;300
8.1;Chapter 31. Correlations Between Charpy Energy and Crack Initiation Parameters of the J-Integral-Concept;302
8.2;Chapter 32. Fracture Toughness Determination in the Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Regime - Precracked Charpy Specimens Compared with Standard Compact Specimens;310
8.3;Chapter 33. Correlating Charpy and J-Fracture Toughness Parameters in Structural Integrity Assessments;320
8.4;Chapter 34. Dynamic JR Curves of 308 Stainless Steel Weld from Instrumented Impact Test of Unprecracked Charpy V-Notch Specimens;328
8.5;Chapter 35. Correlation Between J and CVN in Upper Shelf;338
8.6;Chapter 36. Validation of Idealised Charpy Impact Energy Transition Curve Shape;346
8.7;Chapter 37. Conventional and Fracture Mechanical Valuation of Structural Steels with High Toughness for Heavy Plates;354
8.8;Chapter 38. Correlations Between Charpy V and Crack Tip Opening Displacement as well as Drop Weight Tear Test Results;362
8.9;Chapter 39. Statistical Treatment of Fracture Mechanics Data and Correlation with Charpy Energy;370
8.10;Chapter 40. An Application of Charpy V Testing: The Pressure Vessel Surveillance Program of Nuclear Pressurised Water Reactor in Operation;378
8.11;Chapter 41 .European Pipeline Research Group Studies on Ductile Crack Propagation in Gas Transmission Pipelines;390
8.12;Chapter 42. The Toughness Transition Curve of a Ship Steel;398
8.13;Chapter 43. Materials Qualification for the Shipbuilding Industry;406
9;Part 6: Modelling;414
9.1;Chapter 44. The Calculation of Dynamic JR-Curves from 2D and 3D Finite Element Analyses of a Charpy Test Using a Rate-Dependent Damage Model;416
9.2;Chapter 45. Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Charpy Test Results Based on the Weibull Stress Criterion;424
9.3;Chapter 46. Modelling Charpy Property Changes Due to Irradiation Damage;432
9.4;Chapter 47. Improved Charpy Test Evaluation for the Toughness Characterisation of High Strength Steels and Their Weldments;440
9.5;Chapter 48. 3D Charpy Specimen Analyses for Welds;450
9.6;Chapter 49. Charpy Impact Test Modelling and Local Approach to Fracture;458
9.7;Chapter 50. Experimental Analysis of Charpy V-Notch Specimens;466
9.8;Chapter 51. Numerical Modeling of Charpy V-Notch Tests;474
9.9;Chapter 52. Finite Element Simulations of Sub-Size Charpy Tests and Associated Transferability to Toughness Results;482
10;Author Index;492
11;Keyword Index;494