Giertych / Mátyás Genetics of Scots Pine

1. Auflage 2017
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9163-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 3, 281 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Developments in Plant Genetics and Breeding

Since the Scots pine species is most important in Eurasia, it was considered necessary to involve authors from as many countries as was possible including Eastern Europe and U.S.S.R. During the 18th IUFRO World Congress in Ljubljana, Yugoslavia, in September 1986, details were worked out for the contents of this book.This book is a truly international effort, prepared in the traditional IUFRO spirit of selfless co-operation. In all, 24 authors from 9 countries are involved. Each chapter was reviewed by two editors from two different countries.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Giertych, M.

Mátyás, C.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Genetics of Scots Pine;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Preface;6
6;Contributors;18
7;CHAPTER 1. Range of natural distribution;20
7.1;The range of genus Pinus L;20
7.2;Natural distribution of Pinus sylvestris L;22
7.3;Cultivation;27
7.4;Literature;28
8;CHAPTER 2. Systematic position within the genus Pinus and intraspecific taxonomy;32
8.1;Systematic position with in the genus Pinus;32
8.2;Intraspecific variability and taxonomy;32
8.3;The diversity of forms;37
8.4;List of described Scots pine forms;37
8.5;Literature;40
9;CHAPTER 3. Karyotypes and cytogenetics;42
9.1;Introduction;42
9.2;Materials and methods;42
9.3;Measurement of chromosomes;43
9.4;Scots pine karyotype;46
9.5;Secondary constrictions;48
9.6;Graphic presentation of karyotypes;50
9.7;Chromosome banding methods;55
9.8;Chromosome mapping;56
9.9;Application of Scots pine karyological research;56
9.10;Literature;57
10;CHAPTER 4. Generative reproduction
and genetic processes in nature;60
10.1;Introduction;60
10.2;Flowering ecology;63
10.3;Genetic consequences;68
10.4;Literature;72
11;CHAPTER 5. Biochemical polymorphism;74
11.1;Isoenzymes;74
11.2;Antigens;81
11.3;Terpenes;81
11.4;Concluding remarks;83
11.5;Literature;83
12;CHAPTER 6. Provenance variation in growth and phenology;88
12.1;First trials;88
12.2;First IUFRO international trial (1907);88
12.3;Ogievskij's series;89
12.4;Second IUFRO international trial (1938);90
12.5;Provenance study in the North Central States (NC-51);92
12.6;Siberian populations;93
12.7;National studies with Poland as the example;94
12.8;Value of local provenances;95
12.9;Performance of outlier populations;96
12.10;Phenology;98
12.11;Literature;99
13;CHAPTER 7. Breeding strategies for timber production;104
13.1;Introduction;104
13.2;Breeding continued over generations;104
13.3;Genetic basis of trait variation;106
13.4;Recruitment;107
13.5;Periodic controls;107
13.6;Monitoring concomitant effects;107
13.7;Conserving genetic variation;108
13.8;Consequences for application;109
13.9;Literature;112
14;CHAPTER 8. Breeding strategies for Christmas trees;114
14.1;Introduction;114
14.2;Interim steps toward improvement;114
14.3;Breeding strategies;115
14.4;Factorial design and recurrent selection;115
14.5;Synthetic varieties;116
14.6;Provenance crosses;116
14.7;Literature;117
15;CHAPTER 9. Seed stands and plus trees;118
15.1;Introduction;118
15.2;Plus trees;121
15.3;Literature;123
16;CHAPTER 10. Seed orchards;126
16.1;Introduction;126
16.2;Flowering and yield of orchards;126
16.3;Establishment;130
16.4;Orchard maintenance;133
16.5;Protection;137
16.6;Cone collection;138
16.7;Economics;141
16.8;Literature;143
17;CHAPTER 11. Genetic processes in seed orchards;148
17.1;Introduction;148
17.2;Objectives of seed orchard establishment;148
17.3;Components of the reproductive system;149
17.4;Results of studies on reproductive processes;149
17.5;Non-random segregation;150
17.6;Differential fertilities;150
17.7;Non-random fusion of gametes;151
17.8;Differential viabilities;157
17.9;Inferences on reproductive systems as a whole;157
17.10;The need for new concepts;158
17.11;Concluding remarks;160
17.12;Literature;160
18;CHAPTER 12. Vegetative propagation;164
18.1;Grafting;164
18.2;Propagation by cuttings;165
18.3;Micropropagation;169
18.4;Literature;171
19;CHAPTER 13. Regulation of flowering in seed orchards;174
19.1;Generative development of Scots pine grafts;174
19.2;Stimulation of flowering in Scots pine grafts;178
19.3;Conclusions;181
19.4;Literature;181
20;CHAPTER 14. Hybridization;184
20.1;Natural hybrids;184
20.2;Artificial hybrids;184
20.3;Self-pollination;187
20.4;Literature;188
21;CHAPTER 15. Progeny testing;192
21.1;Introduction: purpose of progeny testing;192
21.2;Mating and mating designs;192
21.3;Field design for progeny test;195
21.4;Genotype-environment interactions and transfer boundaries;196
21.5;Maternal, paternal and ontogenetic effects;197
21.6;Age at evaluation;198
21.7;Standard lots;198
21.8;Data handling and estimation procedures;198
21.9;Parental ranking;200
21.10;Literature;202
22;CHAPTER 16. Inheritance of resistance to biotic factors;206
22.1;Introduction;206
22.2;Resistance to fungal pathogens, insects and other animals;206
22.3;Present knowledge about resistance mechanisms;209
22.4;Inheritance and breeding;213
22.5;Literature;214
23;CHAPTER 17. Inheritance of resistance to abiotic factors;220
23.1;Low temperature stress;220
23.2;Drought stress;222
23.3;Ionizing radiation stress;222
23.4;Environmental pollution stress;222
23.5;Literature;227
24;CHAPTER 18. Inheritance of wood properties;232
24.1;Introduction;232
24.2;Properties related to variation in stem characteristics;233
24.3;Tracheid properties;235
24.4;Weight-related properties;236
24.5;Branch-related properties;237
24.6;Chemical properties;238
24.7;Breeding for wood quality;239
24.8;Literature;240
25;CHAPTER 19. Inheritance of tree form;244
25.1;Traditional opinions;244
25.2;Clonal tests;245
25.3;Progeny comparisons;245
25.4;Provenance variation;250
25.5;Literature;254
26;CHAPTER 20. The value of early testing;256
26.1;Introduction;256
26.2;Genetic gain from early testing;256
26.3;Experimental considerations in early testing;257
26.4;Traits for observation;258
26.5;Other applications;261
26.6;Literature;262
27;CHAPTER 21. Utilization of improved material: a survey;266
27.1;Scandinavia;266
27.2;Western Europe;268
27.3;Other European countries;270
27.4;Soviet Union;271
27.5;Other countries;272
27.6;Conclusions;274
27.7;Literature;275
28;Index;277