Grafschafter / Lux / Siebenhofer Off-Gas Purification

Basics, Exercises and Solver Strategies
1. Auflage 2023
ISBN: 978-3-11-076400-0
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 415 Seiten

Reihe: De Gruyter STEM

When doing in the off-gas purification business you will pretty soon register that you do not act in an isolated box. You have to make yourself familiar with the interplay of your emission problem and the environment, and you have to apply a broad view of the subject.

We can hardly make a forecast on your first steps in this business, except that we want you to succeed.

Therefore, we want to offer engineers and graduate students the basic tools for discussing air pollution problems and for deducing strategies for process and equipment design in off-gas purification, covering the whole span from the basics to dedusting, absorption, adsorption and redox processes.

The didactic concept of the work is to attract students with a ‘learning by doing’ strategy. We discuss the problems, the solver strategies and the solvers. The problem solver proposals address a multitude of pollution control technologies.

The work is a compact off-gas purification guide for practitioners and students by presenting basics as well as numerous applications with many examples and problems with solutions.

Zielgruppe

Professionals and advanced students of industrial and chemical en

Autoren/Hrsg.

Grafschafter, Annika

Lux, Susanne

Siebenhofer, Matthäus

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Technik Allgemein Technik: Allgemeines
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften
• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Verfahrenstechnik, Chemieingenieurwesen

Leseproben

Symbols and abbreviations

Abbreviations

ACF

Activated carbon fiber

AF

Auxiliary fuel

ECA

Excess combustion air

EROM

European reference odor mass

ESP

Electrostatic precipitator

ESU

Electrostatic unit

CA

Combustion air

CE

Combustion efficiency

CFD

Computational fluid dynamics

CG

Combustion gas

CMS

Carbon molecular sieving

CRE

Chemical reaction engineering

DA

Daily average

DALR

Dry adiabatic lapse rate

FIC

Flow indication control

FGD

Flue gas gypsum

FR

Flow recorder

GAC

Granular activated carbon

HM

Hourly mean

HHM

Half-hourly mean

IUPAC

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

MHHM

Maximum half-hourly mean

NG

Natural gas

ODT

Odor detection threshold

OG

Off-gas

PAC

Powdered activated carbon

PFR

Plug flow reactor

PIR

Pressure indication control

PM

Particulate matter

PO

Pollutant

ppm

Part per million

PSD

Particle size distribution

SCR

Selective Catalytic Reduction

TI

Temperature indication

TOF

Turnover frequency

TON

Turnover number

Symbols

A

Cross-sectional area (see also CSA) (m2)

Afree

Free cross-sectional area of trays (absorption) (m2)

A

Frequency factor (also pre-exponential Arrhenius factor) (same unit as the reaction rate constant, depending on the reaction kinetics)

AA

Annual average

AV

Area velocity (s-1)

a

Actual (prefix, specifying the gaseous state)

a

Activity

a

Specific mass transfer area (m2 m-3)

a

Maximum immission concentration

B

Dust load (kg kg-1)

BP

Barometric pressure (hPa)

b

Width, distance (m)

be

Inlet width (m)

bVdW

Van der Waals constant

C(x,y,z)

Mass concentration of the pollutant at the Cartesian level (x,y,z) (mg m-3)

C, c

Concentration Mass concentration (g m-3) Molar concentration (mol L-1, mol m-3)

CE

Combustion efficiency (%)

CSA

Cross-sectional area (m2)

Cp

Specific heat (kJ kg-1 K-1)

Cw

Drag coefficient

D, d

Diameter (m)

D

Diffusion coefficient (m2 s-1)

D

Rate of transmission

D

Column diameter (m)

De

Dean number

ddr

Droplet diameter (m)

dG

Bubble cap diameter (mm)

d1,2

Sauter mean diameter (m)

E

Separation efficiency

EA

Activation energy (kJ mol-1)

E0

Corona onset field intensity (kV m-1 or kg0.5 m-0.5 s-1)

Ep

Precipitation field strength (kg0.5 m-0.5 s-1)

%EA

Percent excess air

e

Diameter of the interception area (m)

F

Capacity factor (absorption)

FA

Molar flow rate of reactant A (mol time-1)

Fe

Cross-sectional area of the inlet tube (cyclone) (m2)

Fi

Cross-sectional area of the vortex finder (cyclone) (m2)

FM, Fn

Molar flow rate (mol time-1) (also FA for reactant A in chemical reaction engineering)

Fm

Mass flow rate (g time-1)

FV

Volumetric flow rate (m3 time-1)

FV,g

Gas flow rate (m3 time-1)

FV,l

Liquid (absorbent) flow rate (m3 time–1)

g

Acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m s-2)

G

Gas flow rate (in absorption) Mass gas flow rate (kg h–1) Molar gas flow rate (mol h-1) Volumetric gas flow rate (m3 h-1)

?G

Gibbs free enthalpy

?fG0

Gibbs free standard enthalpy of formation (kJ mol-1)

?RG0

Gibbs free standard enthalpy of reaction (kJ mol-1)

Gz

Graetz number

H

Henry constant (MPa, bar, hPa)

H?

Henry constant

H, h

...

Über Autor(innen)

__Univ.-Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Matthaeus Siebenhofer, born in 1955, decided to make chemical Engineering to his professional mission. After having finished PhD studies in 1983 he started his professional career in the engineering group of a refractory company with the focus on off-gas pollution control. His experience soon led to the appointment as lecturer at Leoben University of Mining and at Graz University of Technology and in 2005 as full professor at Graz University of Technology. During his academic career he had the opportunity to care for several thousand students, to share his experience with the students and to prepare them for later activities in research and industry. He always tried to suffice his ambitions in teaching to achieve one hundred message transfer efficiency. After retiring in 2020 he successfully convinced two former students to share authorship, when summarizing the experience in teaching off-gas purification.

__Dr. techn. Annika Grafschafter, born in 1986, grew up in Himmelberg, a small Carinthian village in Austria. After she graduated from an arts school, she decided to follow a new path and started her studies in process engineering at Graz University of Technology. During her education she gained professional experience in various companies. In 2016, she started her PhD studies in the field of extraction technologies and apparatus design at the Institute of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technologies. Matthaeus Siebenhofer was her mentor who encouraged her with his vast experience. During her PhD studies, she was able to present her research work worldwide and gained several awards. Besides research, she gave lectures for mass transfer unit operations and was able to fascinate students for the practical aspect of this topic. She graduated in 2019 and started her professional career for an engineering service provider in process industry.

__Susanne Lux, born in 1981, has dedicated her professional career to chemical reaction engineering. After having finished PhD studies she started to teach together with her mentor M. Siebenhofer at Graz University of Technology. In 2021 she was awarded the for chemical reaction engineering. Since then she has been responsible for the reaction engineering education of chemical and process engineering students at Graz University of Technology. In teaching, she covers all aspects of chemical reaction engineering, ranging from its fundamentals to applied tasks such as off-gas purification by chemical conversion. In research, she focuses on heterogeneous catalytic and multi-phase reactions to address current industrial and environmental challenges.