E-Book, Englisch, Band 7, 248 Seiten, eBook
Divergence and Convergence
E-Book, Englisch, Band 7, 248 Seiten, eBook
Reihe: Urban and Regional Research International
ISBN: 978-3-531-90271-5
Verlag: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
state and local government reforms in France and Germany. The articles address State and administrative traditions, intergovernmental relations, decentralisation, administrative modernisation, public finances, public sector personnel, local democracy, local (mayoral) leadership and decentral/local social policy.
Professor Vincent Hoffmann-Martinot is Directeur de Recherche at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS).
Hellmut Wollmann is professor (em.) at the Institute of Social Science, Humboldt University Berlin.
Zielgruppe
Research
Autoren/Hrsg.
Weitere Infos & Material
1;Contents;6
2;List of contributors;8
3;Preface;9
4;Hellmut Wollmann and Geert Bouckaert State Organisation in France and Germany between Territoriality and Functionality;11
4.1;1. Introduction;11
4.2;2. Methodological Issues and Conceptual Framework;12
4.3;3. The Intergovernmental Systems of France and Germany between “ Territoriality” and “ Functionality”;18
4.4;4. Describing Drivers for Territorialisation and Functionalisation of and in the Public Sector;24
4.5;5. Reform Agendas;27
4.6;6. And what about “Governance”?;33
4.7;References;35
5;Jean-Claude Thoenig Modernizing Sub- National Government in France: Institutional Creativity and Systemic Stability;38
5.1;1. Two sides of the same coin;38
5.2;2. Stylized characteristics of the system;40
5.3;3. Key systemic properties;47
5.4;4. Consensual corridors for modernization action;54
5.5;References;57
6;Arthur Benz and Anna Meincke Sub- National Government and Regional Governance in Germany;58
6.1;1. Introduction: Regional Government and Governance;58
6.2;2. The Evolution of Sub-National Government Between Territorial and Functional Differentiation;59
6.3;3. Regional Governance as a New Form of Space-orientated Policy-Making;64
6.4;4. Revival of Regional Government?;69
6.5;References;71
7;Pierre Sadran The Evolution of Public Personnel Systems in France: Structure and Reforms;74
7.1;1. Introduction;74
7.2;2. A Necessary Reform;76
7.2.1;2.1 The French Fonction Publique is an Impressive Statutory Structure;76
7.2.2;2.2 Assessing the Performances of the Fonction Publique;77
7.2.3;2.3 The Controversy over the Number of Civil Servants;78
7.2.4;2.4 An Inventory of the Necessary Reforms;79
7.3;3. Statutory Logic vs. Reforms;79
7.4;4. The Orientations of the Reform;81
7.4.1;4.1 Towards a Culture of Results: Efficiency and Performance;81
7.4.2;4.2 Maximising Existing Potentialities within the Administration;82
7.4.3;4.3 New Coherence in the Public Employment Market;83
7.5;5. The Necessary Conditions;83
7.5.1;5.1 The Affirmation of a Strong Political Will;84
7.5.2;5.2 Taking Advantage of a New Window of Opportunity;84
7.5.3;5.3 A Strategy Based on the Articulations of the System;84
7.6;6. Conclusion;85
7.7;References;85
8;Sabine Kuhlmann and Manfred Röber Civil Service in Germany: Between Cutback Management and Modernization;87
8.1;1. Introduction;87
8.2;2. Legal Framework and Structure of the Civil Service in Germany;88
8.3;3. Size, Structure and Development of Public Personnel in Germany: A “ Lean” and Decentralised Public Sector?;94
8.4;4. Civil Service Reform;100
8.5;References;105
9;Gérald Orange French Territorial Administration and Changes in Public Management;108
9.1;1. State Apparatus and Fragmented Public Powers;108
9.2;2. The Purpose of the NPM and the Changes in Public Action in France;111
9.3;3. The Modernisation of Public Action and its Consequences at the Local Level;115
9.4;References;120
10;Gerhard Banner Local Government - A Strategic Resource in German Public Management Reform;122
10.1;1. State Architecture and the Public Administration Landscape;122
10.2;2. The Management Reform Movement in Local Government ;123
10.3;3. Modernising the Länder Bureaucracies: In Search of Management Capacity;130
10.4;4. The New Land- local Relationship: How can it Contribute to better Public Management?;136
10.5;References;140
11;Bertrand Blancheton French Public Finances against Globalization: Resistance, Transformation, Reform;142
11.1;1. Attempt at an Overview: The Resistance of the Budget;143
11.1.1;1.1 Inertia of Public Expenditure;143
11.1.2;1.2 Relative stability of the tax burden;144
11.1.3;1.3 Constant Budget Deficits;145
11.1.4;1.4 Increasing Debt;146
11.2;2. Macroeconomic Explanations for the Resistance of the Tax System to External Constraints;147
11.2.1;2.1Weak Empirical Foundation of the Supposed Effects of Budget Deficits;147
11.2.2;2.2 The Relativity of the Debt Level;148
11.2.3;2.3 Necessity of Budget Pragmatism: The Budget as France’s only Tool to Stabilise the Rate of Economic Activity;150
11.2.4;2.4 Public Spending and Local Power of Attraction;150
11.3;3. Aspects of the Restructuring of Public Finances in France in Recent Times;151
11.3.1;3.1 Some Salient Transformations in Terms of Revenues: The Reduction in Income Tax and the Emergence of the CSG;151
11.3.2;3.2 A System that has Become Decreasingly Redistributive since the Middle of the 1980s;152
11.4;4. Conclusion;153
11.5;References;153
12;Bernd Reissert Public Finance as Drivers and Constraints for Public Sector Reform in Germany;155
12.1;1. The Role of Public Finance in Public Sector Reform;155
12.2;2. The Vertical Dimension: Public Sector Reform in the Federal System 2.1 The Division of Responsibilities and the Structure of Public Budgets in the Federal System;156
12.3;3. The Horizontal Dimension: The Variation of Public Sector Reform among Individual Units of Government;162
12.4;References;166
13;Thierry Berthet and Philippe Cuntigh Local Mirrors of State Modernisation: The Case of the Territorialisation of Employment Policy in France1;169
13.1;1. Decentralisation, State Modernisation and Temporalities in Polycentred Public Action - The Case of Employment Policy;170
13.1.1;1.1 Territory and Project: Evolving Public Action in the Domain of Employment Policy;171
13.1.2;1.2 Territories, Temporalities and Legitimacies;172
13.2;2. The Territorialisation of Employment Policy through the Prism of Decentralisation;173
13.2.1;2.1 Actors’ Networks: Recomposition and Positioning;173
13.2.2;2.2 Professional Cultures vs. Institutional Logics;174
13.2.3;2.3 The Question of Territorial Organisation;175
13.2.4;2.4 Who is in charge?;176
13.2.5;2.5 Decentralisation:;177
13.3;3. Competition between the State Administration and Local Authorities - Can We Talk of Local Employment Policy- making?;178
13.3.1;3.1 Internal factors - A new turn in employment and local social policies;179
13.3.2;3.2 External factors: the territorial authorities’ new legitimacy;180
13.4;4. Conclusion;182
13.5;References;183
14;Frank Bönker and Hellmut Wollmann Public Sector Reforms and Local Governments in Germany: The Case of Local Social Policy1;184
14.1;1. Introduction;184
14.2;2. The Traditional Local Welfare State in Germany;185
14.2.1;2.1 Social Assistance;185
14.2.2;2.2 Personal Social Services;187
14.2.3;2.3 Social Housing;188
14.2.4;2.4 Labour Market Policy;188
14.3;3. Changes Since the Beginning of the 1990s;189
14.3.1;3.1 Social Assistance;190
14.3.2;3.2 Personal Social Services;193
14.3.3;3.3 Social Housing;196
14.3.4;3.4 Labour Market Policy;197
14.4;4. Conclusion;198
14.5;References;199
15;Hubert Heinelt, Éric Kerrouche and Björn Egner From Government to Governance at the Local Level - Some Considerations based on Data Surveys with Mayors and Chief Executive Officers;202
15.1;1. Introduction;202
15.2;2. Patterns of Interactive Policy-making…;203
15.3;3. Notions of Local Democracy;211
15.4;4. The public sector, modernisation of public administration and New Public Management;217
15.5;5. Conclusions;223
15.6;References;224
16;Vincent Hoffmann-Martinot Reform and Modernization of Urban Government in France;226
16.1;1. Modernity in Urban Goverment: A Long-Lasting Competition between France and Germany;226
16.2;2. Modernizing the Political Link between Citizens and Urban Government;231
16.3;3. How to Cope with the Metropolitan Problem?;236
16.4;References;245
17;Angelika Vetter Modernizing German Local Government: Bringing the People Back in?;247
17.1;1. Introduction;247
17.2;2. Politikverdrossenheit - the Problem to be Solved;248
17.3;3. A Reform Window opens at the Beginning of the 1990s;249
17.4;4. Modernization Strategies in German Local Government: Successes and Failures;252
17.5;References;261
State Organisation in France and Germany between Territorially and Functionality.- Modernizing Sub-National Government in France: Institutional Creativity and Systemic Stability.- Sub-National Government and Regional Governance in Germany.- The Evolution of Public Personnel Systems in France: Structure and Reforms.- Civil Service in Germany: Between Cutback Management and Modernization.- French Territorial Administration and Changes in Public Management.- Local Government — A Strategic Resource in German Public Management Reform.- French Public Finances against Globalization: Resistance, Transformation, Reform.- Public Finance as Drivers and Constraints for Public Sector Reform in Germany.- Local Mirrors of State Modernisation: The Case of the Territorialisation of Employment Policy in France.- Public Sector Reforms and Local Governments in Germany: The Case of Local Social Policy.- From Government to Governance at the Local Level — Some Considerations based on Data Surveys with Mayors and Chief Executive Officers.- Reform and Modernization of Urban Government in France.- Modernizing German Local Government: Bringing the People Back in?.
