Ion Specific Hofmeister Effects

Faraday Discussion 160
Erscheinungsjahr 2013
ISBN: 978-1-84973-687-9
Verlag: RSC Publishing

Buch, Englisch, 428 Seiten, Format (B × H): 160 mm x 241 mm, Gewicht: 771 g

The hydration of ions and the interactions of ions with (bio)molecules play a key role in many natural and technological processes. These effects are usually framed in terms of the lyotropic or Hofmeister series which traditionally orders cations and anions according to their ability to salt-out proteins. Since its formulation more than one hundred years ago, the lyotropic series has been invoked in myriad effects including the crystallization of proteins, enzyme activities, the swelling of tissues, salt solubilities, ion exchange, surface tension of electrolytes, and bubble coalescence.

Although it is now clear that the Hofmeister series is intimately connected with ion hydration in homogeneous and heterogeneous environments and with ion pairing, the molecular origin of these effects has been poorly understood. Biochemists and physical chemists have been typically using the term Hofmeister series to put a label on ion specific behaviour in various environments, rather than to reach a molecular level understanding and, consequently, an ability to predict a particular effect of a specific salt ion.

This meeting (which took place at Queen's College Oxford in September 2012) aimed to respond to the emerging situation in which science has matured enough to be able to provide answers about the molecular nature of ion specific effects. It explored the most important issues in understanding the chemistry and biological effects of ions, with state of the art work being presented using advanced experimental and computational methods.

Investigation of ion specific effects is truly interdisciplinary since it requires chemists, biochemists, and biophysicists to collaborate with each other, combining experimental and computational approaches. We invited researchers in these fields to take part in the Discussion and join the chosen speakers who are among the key scientists behind the recent renaissance of interest in ion specific effects.

Themes covered included:

- Solvation of ions in the aqueous bulk and at interfaces

- Ion-ion interactions in water

- Interactions between ions and biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, membranes, etc.) in water

- Specific Hofmeister effects of ions and osmolytes on protein association, precipitation, folding/unfolding, and activity

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Physik Angewandte Physik Biophysik
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Angewandte Biologie Biophysik
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biochemie (nichtmedizinisch)
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Molekularbiologie
• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Organische Chemie Biochemie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

- Introductory Lecture: Interpreting and predicting Hofmeister salt ion and solute effects on biopolymer and model processes using the solute partitioning model

- Adsorption kinetics of non-ionic surfactants in micellar solutions: effects of added charge

- Adsorption of solutes at liquid–vapor interfaces: insights from lattice gas models

- Surface and interfacial tensions of Hofmeister electrolytes

- An ab initio approach to understanding the specific ion effect

- General discussion

- How specific are ion specificities? A pilot NMR study

- Simulation study of ion pairing in concentrated aqueous salt solutions with a polarizable force f ield

- Understanding ion–ion interactions in bulk and aqueous interfaces using molecular simulations

- A new structural technique for examining ion-neutral association in aqueous solution

- Femtosecond study of the effects of ions and hydrophobes on the dynamics of water

- Ion cooperativity and the effect of salts on polypeptide structure – a molecular dynamics study of BBA5 in salt solutions

- General discussion

- Diversity in the mechanisms of cosolute action on biomolecular processes

- Ion interactions with non-polar and amphiphilic solutes in water

- Interactions between halide anions and a molecular hydrophobic interface

- Solution electrostatics beyond pH: a coarse grained approach to ion specific interactions between macromolecules

- Ionic interactions in biological and physical systems: a variational treatment

- Ionic specific effects on the structure, mechanics and interfacial softness of a polyelectrolyte brush

- General discussion

- Measuring the interaction between ions, biopolymers and interfaces– one polymer at a time

- Interactions of monovalent salts with cationic lipid bilayers

- Ion specific effects of alkali cations on the catalytic activity of HIV-1 protease

- Dramatically stabilizing multiprotein complex structure in the absence of bulk water using tuned Hofmeister salts

- General discussion

- Concluding remarks: Cum grano salis

Über Autor(innen)

Faraday Discussions documents a long-established series of Faraday Discussion meetings which provide a unique international forum for the exchange of views and newly acquired results in developing areas of physical chemistry, biophysical chemistry and chemical physics. The papers presented are published in the Faraday Discussion volume together with a record of the discussion contributions made at the meeting. Faraday Discussions therefore provide an important record of current international knowledge and views in the field concerned. The latest (2012) impact factor of Faraday Discussions is 3.82.