Kaufman / Anderson Principles of Electric Methods in Surface and Borehole Geophysics

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-08-093184-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 44, 456 Seiten

Reihe: Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics

This title coversÿthe physical and mathematical principles of electric methods in applied geophysics.ÿ - Subject material - Writing style - Authority of contributors

Emeritus Professor A.Kaufman has 28 years' experience of teaching at the geophysical department in Colorado School of Mines He received his PhD. in Institute of Physics of the Earth (Moscow) and degree of Doctor of Science from the Russian Academy of Science . From 1981 to 20015 he published 14 monographs by Academic Press and Elsevier, describing different geophysical methods. Most of them are translated and published in Russia and China. He also holds three patents, which found application in the surface and borehole geophysics. A. Kaufman is a honorary member of SEG.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Kaufman, Alex

Anderson, B.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front cover;1
2;Methods in Geochemistry and Geophysics: Principles of Electric Methods in Surface and Borehole Geophysics;4
3;Copyright page;5
4;Dedication page;6
5;Contents;8
6;Introduction;12
7;Acknowledgments;14
8;List of Symbols;16
9;Part One: Electric Field in a Conducting Medium;18
9.1;Chapter One: Coulomb's Law and Stationary Electric Field;20
9.1.1;1.1. Interaction of electric charges and Coulomb's law;20
9.1.2;1.2. Surface, linear, and point charges;24
9.1.3;1.3. The electric field;28
9.1.4;1.4. The electric field caused by surface charge;31
9.1.5;1.5. Electrostatic induction;35
9.1.6;1.6. Voltage of the electric field;40
9.1.7;1.7. The first equation of the electric field;46
9.1.8;1.8. Flux of the electric field;48
9.1.9;1.9. The second equation of the electric field;50
9.1.10;1.10. System of equations of the electric field;52
9.1.11;1.11. Potential of the electric field;54
9.1.12;1.12. The electric dipole and double layer;61
9.1.13;1.13. Solutions of Poisson's equation and uniqueness;75
9.1.14;1.14. Polarization of a medium;84
9.1.15;1.15. The potential and electric field caused by polarization;86
9.1.16;1.16. Vector of electric induction and system of equations of electric field;89
9.1.17;1.17. Distribution of bound charges;93
9.2;Chapter Two: Electric Field and Steady Current Flow in Conducting Media;96
9.2.1;2.1. Electric current;96
9.2.2;2.2. Ohm's law in differential form;101
9.2.3;2.3. Principle of charge conservation;105
9.2.4;2.4. System of equations of the field j;110
9.2.5;2.5. Non-Coulomb force, Ohm's law, and electromotive force;111
9.2.6;2.6. Distribution of electric charges in a conducting and polarizable medium;118
9.2.7;2.7. System of equations of the electric field and potential;131
9.2.8;2.8. Uniqueness theorem;137
9.2.9;2.9. Resistance;147
9.2.10;2.10. Grounding resistance;158
9.2.11;2.11. Work done by Coulomb and extraneous forces, Joule's law;164
9.3;Chapter Three: The Electric Field, Current Density, and Potential in a Conducting Medium;170
9.3.1;3.1. Influence of inhomogeneity on the electric field and current density;170
9.3.2;3.2. A conducting sphere in a uniform electric field;178
9.3.3;3.3. Elliptical cylinder in a uniform electric field;184
9.3.4;3.4. The spheroid in a uniform electric field;194
9.3.5;3.5. Grounding resistance of a strongly elongated spheroid;199
9.3.6;3.6. Plane interface;201
9.3.7;3.7. Vertical contact beneath the earth's surface;207
9.3.8;3.8. Method of mirror reflection;214
9.3.9;3.9. Distribution of charges in a layered medium and asymptotic field behavior;218
9.3.10;3.10. Boundary conditions for electric field in the vicinity of thin layers;223
9.3.11;3.11. Theorem of reciprocity;229
9.3.12;3.12. Relationship between potential and boundary conditions;233
10;Part Two: Electric Methods of Surface Geophysics;238
10.1;Chapter Four: Electric Soundings;240
10.1.1;4.1. Arrays of the electric methods;240
10.1.2;4.2. Apparent resistivity and array coefficient;242
10.1.3;4.3. The electric field on the surface of a two-layered medium;248
10.1.4;4.4. Asymptotic behavior of the field when a base is an insulator;262
10.1.5;4.5. Asymptotic behavior of the field when the base is an ideal conductor;267
10.1.6;4.6. Apparent resistivity curves for a two-layered medium;274
10.1.7;4.7. Electric field in the presence of a thin horizontal layer;277
10.1.8;4.8. The electric field on the surface of a three-layered medium;281
10.1.9;4.9. Electric field on the earth's surface of an n-layered medium;289
10.1.10;4.10. Electric field when the current electrode is at the bottom of the upper layer;293
10.1.11;4.11. Electric field at the bottom of the upper layer in the presence of the plane T;298
10.1.12;4.12. Potential and electric field in an anisotropic medium;301
10.2;Chapter Five: Interpretation of Electric Soundings;312
10.2.1;5.1. Symmetric and dipole arrays of electric soundings;312
10.2.2;5.2. Solution of forward and inverse problems in electrical methods;315
10.2.3;5.3. Functions with finite spectrum and integration of Eq.[5.31];332
10.2.4;5.4. Concept of uniqueness and the solution of the inverse problem;337
10.3;Chapter Six: Methods of Electrical Profiling and Mapping;348
10.3.1;6.1. Electric profiling;348
10.3.2;6.2. The charged-body or mise-à la-masse method;362
10.3.3;6.3. Self-potential method;368
11;Part Three: Electric Methods of Borehole Geophysics;376
11.1;Chapter Seven: Electrical Methods of Borehole Geophysics;378
11.1.1;7.1. Current electrode at the borehole axis;379
11.1.2;7.2. A medium with two cylindrical boundaries;392
11.1.3;7.3. The method of lateral soundings;396
11.1.4;7.4. Normal and lateral probes in a medium with two horizontal interfaces;402
11.1.5;7.5. Field in a borehole surrounded by anisotropic medium;412
11.1.6;7.6. Resistance RMN and its meaning;415
11.1.7;7.7. Measurements of grounding resistance;419
11.1.8;7.8. The Laterolog 1;421
11.1.9;7.9. Laterolog 3;426
11.1.10;7.10. Laterolog 7;429
11.1.11;7.11. Electric logging through casing;431
11.1.12;7.12. Self-potential method;443
12;Bibliography;450
13;Index;452