Leadbeater / McGowan Laboratory Experiments Using Microwave Heating

Erscheinungsjahr 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4398-5610-9
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 232 Seiten

Allowing many chemical reactions to be completed within minutes, microwave heating has revolutionized preparative chemistry. As a result, this technology has been widely adopted in both academic and industrial laboratories. Integrating microwave-assisted chemistry into undergraduate laboratory courses enables students to perform a broader range of reactions in the allotted lab period. As a result, they can be introduced to chemistry that would otherwise have been inaccessible due to time constraints (for example, the need for an overnight reflux).

Laboratory Experiments Using Microwave Heating provides 22 experiments encompassing organic, inorganic, and analytical chemistry performed using microwave heating as a tool, making them fast and easy to accomplish in a laboratory period. Utilizing the time-saving experiments described in this book also permits students to repeat experiments if necessary or attempt additional self-designed experiments during the lab course.

A number of the chemical transformations use water as a solvent in lieu of classical organic solvents. This contributes to greener, more sustainable teaching strategies for faculty and students, while maintaining high reaction yields. All the experiments have been tested and verified in laboratory classes, and many were even developed by students. Each chapter includes an introduction to the experiment and two protocols—one for use with a smaller monomode microwave unit employing a single reaction vessel and one for use with a larger multimode microwave unit employing a carousel of reaction vessels.

Zielgruppe

Undergraduates in analytical, organic, inorganic, organometallic, physical, and polymer chemistry; biochemistry and environmental science undergraduates; and individuals working in the chemical industry.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Leadbeater, Nicholas E.

McGowan, Cynthia B.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Analytische Chemie
• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Chemie Allgemein Chemische Labormethoden, Stöchiometrie
• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Verfahrenstechnik, Chemieingenieurwesen

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction: Using Microwave Heating in Chemistry: The Basics

Experiment 1 Diels–Alder Cycloaddition Reaction

Experiment 2 Second-Order Elimination Reaction: Preparation of Heptene from 2-Bromoheptane

Experiment 3 An Addition–Elimination Sequence: Preparation of a Bromoalkene

Experiment 4 Fischer Esterification: Preparation of Ethyl-4-Aminobenzoate (Benzocaine)

Experiment 5 Transesterification Reaction: Preparation of Biodiesel

Experiment 6 Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction: Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin

Experiment 7 The Perkin Reaction: Condensation of an Aromatic Aldehyde with Rhodanine

Experiment 8 Williamson Ether Synthesis: Preparation of Allyl Phenyl Ether

Experiment 9 Claisen Rearrangement: Preparation of 2-Allyl Phenol from Allyl Phenyl Ether

Experiment 10 Hydration of an Alkyne: Preparation of Acetophenone from Phenylacetylene

Experiment 11 Oxidation of a Secondary Alcohol: Preparation of a Ketone

Experiment 12 Suzuki Coupling Reaction: Preparation of a Biaryl

Experiment 13 Heck Reaction: Preparation of Substituted Cinnamic Acids

Experiment 14 Preparation of an Aryl Nitrile: Application of a Copper-Catalyzed Cyanation Reaction

Experiment 15 Alkene Metathesis: Preparation of a Substituted Cyclopentene

Experiment 16 Click Reaction: Preparation of a Triazole

Experiment 17 Coordination Chemistry: Preparation of Cisplatin

Experiment 18 Preparation of a Palladium Complex: Bis(triphenylphosphine)Palladium(II) Dichloride

Experiment 19 Coordination of an Aromatic Ring to a Metal: Preparation of an Arene Chromium Tricarbonyl Complex

Experiment 20 Determination of an Empirical Formula: Zinc Bromide

Experiment 21 Microwave-Assisted Extraction: Identification of the Major Flavor Components of Citrus Oil

Experiment 22 Microwave-Assisted Digestion of Dietary Supplements: Metal Analysis by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Nicholas E. Leadbeater, PhD, is an associate professor of chemistry at the University of Connecticut. Dr. Leadbeater’s research interests are focused around development of new synthetic methodology, with an emphasis on cleaner, greener routes to known and novel compounds. Dr. Leadbeater has a passion for undergraduate education, both developing new lecture and laboratory classes and incorporating undergraduate students into research. He was the recipient of the 2010 University of Connecticut College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Excellence in Teaching Award in the Physical Sciences.

Cynthia B. McGowan, PhD, is a full professor of chemistry at Merrimack College, North Andover, Massachusetts. Her pioneering work in the use of microwave technology for organic chemistry experiments and teaching is "student-tested" and refined. A committed and popular undergraduate teacher, recognized by her peers with a teaching excellence award in 1999, she continues to adapt her material to the ever-changing world of technology so that her students are well prepared for graduate work or positions in industry.