Liston Development of T Cell Immunity

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-12-381285-8
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 92, 342 Seiten

Reihe: Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science

T cells belong to a group of white blood cells called lymphocytes and play a large role in the immune response. An increased understanding of T cell immunity will provide new insights into the etiology of human autoimmune disease such as diabetes. This volume reviews the latest developments and discusses the evolution of T cell immunity, thymic requirements, and how to prevent T cell-dependent autoimmunity. - Discusses new discoveries, approaches, and ideas in T cell immunity - Contributions from leading scholars and industry experts - Reference guide for researchers involved in molecular biology and related fields

Autoren/Hrsg.

Liston, Adrian

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Molecular Biology andTranslational Science;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;6
5;Contributors;12
6;The Development of T-Cell Immunity;14
7;Section I: The Evolution of T Cell Immunity;18
8;Chapter 1: Genome Duplication and T Cell Immunity;20
8.1;I Introduction;21
8.2;II WGD: From a Hypothesis to the Fact;23
8.3;III Roles of Ohnologs in Adaptive Immunity;25
8.4;IV Controversies Surrounding the Timing of WGD;35
8.5;V The AIS of Jawless Vertebrates;37
8.6;VI Concluding Remarks;42
8.7;Acknowledgments;42
8.8;References;42
9;Questions Arising from ‘‘Genome Duplication and T Cell Immunity’’;50
10;Chapter 2: Response to Questions;51
10.1;I. Response to Question #1;51
10.2;II. Response to Question #2;51
10.3;References;52
11;Chapter 3: The Origin and Role of MHC Class I-Associated Self-Peptides;54
11.1;I. Key Features of the Adaptive Immune System;55
11.2;II. Genesis of the SMII;56
11.3;III. The Role of Constitutive Self-Peptide Presentation;61
11.4;References;65
12;Questions Arising from ‘‘The Origin and Role of MHC Class I-Associated Self-Peptides’’;74
13;Response to Questions;75
13.1;I. Response to Question #1;75
13.2;II. Response to Question #2;75
13.3;References;76
14;Chapter 4: Functional Development of the T Cell Receptor for Antigen;78
14.1;I. Introduction;79
14.2;II. TCR Structure and Diversity;80
14.3;III. Thymic Self-Peptides Involved in T Cell Selection;82
14.4;IV. Synaptic and Nonsynaptic Interactions in the Thymus;86
14.5;V. miR-181a, A MicroRNA That Enhances T Cell Sensitivity and Promotes Tolerance;90
14.6;VI. The Selecting Ligand and the Purpose of Selection;93
14.7;VII. On the Role of Self-Peptides in the Activation of CD4+ Versus CD8+ T Cells;98
14.8;VIII. Conclusions;101
14.9;References;105
15;Section II: Thymic Requirements for T CellImmunity;114
16;Chapter 5 Transcriptional Regulation of Thymus Organogenesis and Thymic Epithelial Cell Differentiation;116
16.1;I. Introduction;117
16.2;II. Transcription Factors Controlling Organ Patterning and Initial Organogenesis;120
16.3;III. Patterning Events Lead to Induction of the Thymus-Specific Transcription Factor Foxn1;123
16.4;IV. NFkappab Pathway and Medullary Formation;126
16.5;V. Future Directions;127
16.6;References;128
17;Chapter 6: Early T Cell Differentiation:Lessons from T-Cell AcuteLymphoblastic Leukemia;134
17.1;I. Introduction;135
17.2;II. Oncogenic Transcription Factors;138
17.3;III. Signal Transduction Pathways;143
17.4;IV. Tumor Suppressors;153
17.5;V. Concluding Remarks;156
17.6;Acknowledgments;157
17.7;References;157
18;Section III: T Cell Immunity in the Periphery;170
19;Chapter 7: Lymphoid Tissue Inducer Cells and the Evolution of CD4 Dependent High-Affinity Antibody Responses;172
19.1;I. Introduction;173
19.2;II. LTi and the Development of Organized Lymphoid Structures;173
19.3;III. LTi Express Recently Evolved Tumor Necrosis Family Member Ligands;174
19.4;IV. High-Affinity Class Switched Antibodies Depend on LTa and LTbeta Induced Organization;176
19.5;V. AID-Dependent Class Switching Anticipated Affinity Maturation and CD4 Memory Antibody Responses;177
19.6;VI. The Genes for Organization Show Linkage with CD4 and AID;178
19.7;VII OX40L and CD30L are Expressed by LTi;180
19.8;VIII Lack of CD4 Memory in Mice Deficient in OX40 and CD30;180
19.9;IX CD30-Signals Evolved Before OX40 and the LTbetaR, and Share Functions in Both Organization and CD4 Memory;181
19.10;X Direct Evidence that LTI are Required for CD4 Memory;181
19.11;XI LTi and the Induction and Maintenance of Tolerance;182
19.12;XII Putative Origin of LTi and Summary;182
19.13;Acknowledgments;183
19.14;References;183
20;Chapter 8 Cellular and Molecular Requirements in Lymph Node and Peyer's Patch Development;190
20.1;I. Foreword;191
20.2;II. Historical Perspective: Lymphoid Tissue Development, 1836-1996;192
20.3;III. Tools and Technologies Transforming Analysis of Lymphoid Tissue Development;199
20.4;IV. 1996 Onward: Requirements for Lymph Node and Peyer's Patch Development;203
20.5;References;213
21;Chapter 9 T Follicular Helper Cells During Immunity and Tolerance;220
21.1;I. Introduction;221
21.2;II. T-Dependent Antibody Responses;222
21.3;III. Germinal Center-Derived Autoimmunity;225
21.4;IV. Germinal Center Tolerance;225
21.5;V. T Follicular Helper Cells;226
21.6;VI. Tfh Cells Mediate Selection of Germinal Center B Cells;227
21.7;VII. Breaks in Tfh Tolerance Result in Autoimmunity;231
21.8;VIII. Tolerizing Tfh Cells;233
21.9;IX. Concluding Remarks;249
21.10;References;250
22;Section IV: Preventing T Cell-Dependent Autoimmunity;262
23;Chapter 10: Thymic Selection and Lineage Commitment of CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Lymphocytes;264
23.1;I. Introduction;265
23.2;II. The Treg-Repertoire;267
23.3;III. Thymic Selection of the Treg-Repertoire;269
23.4;IV. Thymic Commitment to the Treg-Lineage;275
23.5;V. Concluding Remarks;281
23.6;References;282
24;Chapter 11: Molecular Mechanisms of Regulatory T Cell Development and Suppressive Function;292
24.1;I. Tracing Thymic Treg Development with Foxp3;294
24.2;II. Acquisition of Foxp3 Expression by Peripheral CD4+ T Cells;297
24.3;III. Bottom-Up Approach to Analyzing Treg Cell Differentiation;299
24.4;IV. Cellular Targets of Treg Cells;306
24.5;V. Molecular Mechanisms of Treg Cell Suppression;312
24.6;VI. Concluding Remarks;319
24.7;References;319
25;Is Foxp3 the Master Regulatorof Regulatory T Cells?;328
25.1;References;330
26;Index;332