Maercker / Heim / Kirmayer Cultural Clinical Psychology and PTSD

2019
ISBN: 978-1-61334-497-2
Verlag: Hogrefe Publishing
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 236 Seiten

This book, written and edited by leading experts from around the world, looks critically at how culture impacts on the way posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related disorders are diagnoseThis compact guide is packed with the latest knowledge on the assessment and treatment of persistent depressive disorder (PDD) – the new DSM-5 diagnosis that amalgamates the categories dysthymic disorder (DD), chronic major depression (MDD), and DD with major depressive episode (MDE). Written by a leading expert, the book guides us through This book, written and edited by leading experts from around the world, looks critically at how culture impacts on the way posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related disorders are diagnosed and treated. There have been important advances in clinical treatment and research on PTSD, partly as a result of researchers and clinicians increasingly taking into account how “culture matters.”
For mental health professionals who strive to respond to the needs of people from diverse cultures who have experienced traumatic events, this book is invaluable. It presents recent research and practical approaches on key topics, including:

• How culture shapes mental health and recovery
• How to integrate culture and context into PTSD theory
• How trauma-related distress is experienced and expressed in different cultures, reflecting local values, idioms, and metaphors
• How to integrate cultural dimensions into psychological interventions
Providing new theoretical insights as well as practical advice, it will be of interest to clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, and other health professionals, as well as researchers and students engaged with mental health issues, both globally and locally.

Zielgruppe

Clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists, and health professionals, as well as researchers and students.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Maercker, Andreas

Heim, Eva

Kirmayer, Laurence J.

Fachgebiete

• Sozialwissenschaften Psychologie Allgemeine Psychologie Sozialpsychologie Kulturpsychologie, Ethnopsychologie
• Sozialwissenschaften Psychologie Psychotherapie / Klinische Psychologie Beratungspsychologie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizinische Fachgebiete Psychiatrie, Sozialpsychiatrie, Suchttherapie
• Sozialwissenschaften Psychologie Psychotherapie / Klinische Psychologie Psychopathologie

Leseproben

Contents

Preface

References

Part 1 Culturally Sensitive Approaches to PTSD and Related Mental Disorders

1 Culturally Responsive Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry: An Ecosocial Approach

Introduction

Locating Culture

Dynamics of Culture in a Globalizing World

Methodological Challenges in Research on Culture and Mental Health

Cultural Variations in Modes of Experiencing and Expressing Distress

Cultural Influences on the Mechanisms of Psychopathology

Integrating Culture Into Assessment and Treatment

Cultural Formulation in Clinical Assessment

Reconciling Cultural Competence and Evidence-Based Practice

Conclusion

References

2 Variability of PTSD and Trauma-Related Disorders Across Cultures: A Study of Cambodians

Culturally Varying Attempts to Treat Distress

Psychopathological Dimensions and Cultural Variation

Unwanted Recall of Trauma Events and Its Cultural Interpretation

Sleep-Related Disturbances and Their Cultural Interpretation

Startle and Hypervigilance and their Cultural Interpretation

Poor Sleep and Its Cultural Interpretation

Poor Concentration and Forgetfulness and Its Cultural Interpretation

Cultural Interpretation of Worry Episodes and Associated Symptoms

Panic Attacks That Combine PD and PTSD Characteristics

Somatic Symptoms and Associated Catastrophic Cognitions

Anger, Including Trauma Associations and Catastrophic Cognitions Triggered by Anger Episodes

Catastrophic Beliefs About the Perduring Bodily and Mental Effects of Trauma

Survival Guilt

Negative Self-Schemas

Negative World Schemas

Negative Spiritual Schemas

Feedback Loops to Anxiety and Depression

Concluding Remarks

References

3 Sociosomatics in the Context of Migration

Migration and Health in Switzerland

Approaches to Migrant Health Care in Clinical Practice

Sociosomatics

Local Biologies

Interdisciplinarity

The Study

Example 1: “Nerves” and “Have No Idea” About Perceived Causes

Example 2: Humoral Balance and Social Role

Conceptual Consequences

References

Part 2 Cultural Values, Metaphors, and the Search for Universals

4 Cultural Psychology Is More Than Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Toward Cultural Dimensions in Traumatic Stress Research

Background: Cross-, Inter-, Trans-Cultural Psychology, or just Cultural Psychology?

PTSD and PTG in Etic and Emic Research

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Prolonged Grief Disorder

Lacking Context in Etic and Emic Methodologies: Global Regions and the Sociological Triad of Race, Class, and Gender

Cultural Dimensions: A First Formulation of Relevant Variables

Value Orientations as Cultural Dimensions

Conclusion and Application for Clinical Practice

References

5 Distress and Trauma in the Clinical History of Neurosis in Sweden and Finland

Nervous Patients in the Urban Setting in Sweden, ca. 1915–1950

Nervous Patients in a Finnish Mental Hospital

Consequences of the War and Physical Trauma

Family Dynamics, Sex, and Religion

Aspects of Nervous Suffering in Sweden and Finland

Conclusion: Social Class and Mental Health

References

6 Trauma and Umwelt: An Archetypal Framework for Humanitarian Interventions

Trauma: The Range of Uses of This Term

Prolegomena

The Umwelt

Imago and Image

Imago, Archetypes, and the Psychic Realms

The Umwelt and Its “Traumas” in the Therapeutic Encounter

Sayed, a Somali Refugee

Epistemology of the Responses to Adversity

Umwelt and Archetypal Networks

Concluding Reflections

References

7 Wounds and Dirt: Gendered Metaphors in the Cultural History of Trauma

Introduction

Gendered Histories of Trauma

The History of Western Gender Roles

The Constitution of Trauma

Gendering the Traumatic Wound

The Rise of PTSD

(De-)Gendering the Metaphor of the Wound

The Gendered Metaphor of Contamination

Summary

References

8 Metaphors of Trauma in Indigenous Communities in India and Brazil

Broadening the Concept of Psychological Trauma

Metaphor Analysis as a Tool to Better Understand Trauma in Different Cultures

Results of Recent Emic Research From Selected Countries

An Ethnopsychological Study Among Adivasis in India

A Field Study Among an Indigenous Community in Brazil

Discussion: Extreme Adversities as Shock and Mark

Embodied Metaphors and Culture-Specific Idioms

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

9 Metaphors of Posttraumatic Growth: A Qualitative Study in Swiss, Lithuanian, and Brazilian Rural Communities

Posttraumatic Growth From a Cross-Cultural Perspective

Metaphor Variation in Cultural Context

Ethnographic Field Research in Three Different Cultures

Mountain Villagers from Gondo, Switzerland

Rural Population in Lithuania

Indigenous Pitaguary Community in Brazil

Broadening the Five Dimensions of the PTG Model by Culture-Specific Metaphors

Increased Sense of Personal Strength

Changed Priorities and New Possibilities

Stronger Appreciation of Life

Closer Interpersonal Relationships

Enriched Existential and Spiritual Life

Similarities and Differences in Metaphors and Their Sociocultural Context

Final Thoughts

Acknowledgments

References

10 Paradoxes and Parallels in the Global Distribution of Trauma-Related Mental Health Problems

Introduction

Country Vulnerability

Country Vulnerability and Mental Health

Exposure to Trauma, Country Vulnerability, and PTSD

Exposure to Trauma, Country Vulnerability, and Any Mental Health Disorder

Vulnerability Paradox and Gender

Country Vulnerability and Cultural Dimensions

Country Vulnerability and Professional Psychosocial Services

Reflections

Possible Explanations

Implications for Professionals

Further Research

References

Part 3 Global Mental Health and Intervention Challenges

11 Principles and Evidence of Culture Sensitive Mental Health Approaches

Conceptualizations of Culture

Approaches for the Development of Culture-Sensitive Interventions

The Adaptation–Fidelity Debate

When Are Cultural Adaptations Justified?

Which Interventions Should Be Culturally Adapted?

Dealing With Heterogeneous Cultural Groups

Theoretical Frameworks for Cultural Adaptations

How Should Cultural Adaptations Be Carried Out?

Empirical Evidence on Cultural Adaptations

Most Frequently Adapted Elements

Effectiveness of Culturally Adapted Interventions

Summary and Discussion

Conclusions and Recommendations for Future Studies

References

12 Culture-Sensitive Interventions in PTSD

Introduction

Intercultural Competence

Training Guidelines

Training

German Training Program

...