McGeough The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-118-53684-1
Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 240 Seiten, E-Book

Since the major pioneering of joint replacement surgery morethan fifty years ago, much research and progress has been made inthe field of arthroplasty with new insights into better materials,types of cement and bone-cell compatible coatings, and a betterunderstanding of the causes of implant failure. With anincreasingly ageing population the requirement for arthroplasticsurgery is manifest; over 800,000 hips worldwide are replaced eachyear, and replacement surgery is performed for almost every jointof the body.
The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements covers thedesign, engineering, production and manufacture of human jointreplacements, as well as associated engineering concerns such assurface coatings, orthopedic bone cement, the causes and effects ofwear and tear, and rapid prototyping for clinical evaluation.Materials evaluation and selection is discussed, as well asproduction processes and insertion methods. The author provides anoverview of skeletal anatomy and the effects of pain anddeterioration in order to put the engineering principles into amedical context. Examples of joint replacements for the most commonregions of the body are included, and aspects of clinical studiesof these cases are discussed.
Key Features:
* Provides an overview of the engineering materials andprocesses involved in the manufacture of humanjoint replacements
* Sets the scene for engineers and clinicians embarking onresearch into joint replacements
* Includes clinical and industrial examples and points theway to future developments
* Provides information on medical device companies with anengineering guide to the requirements for joint replacement
The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements bridges thedivide between engineering and orthopaedic surgery, offering anintroductory text to young engineers entering the field, as well asa reference for medical staff who will benefit from anunderstanding of the materials and methods used in their design,engineering and manufacture.

Autoren/Hrsg.

McGeough, J. A.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface xi
1 Introduction 1
References 5
2 Basic Anatomy 7
2.1 Terminology 7
2.2 Human Skeleton 8
2.3 Joints 10
2.4 Cartilage 10
2.5 Protein and Collagen 11
2.6 Human Bone 14
References 22
3 Anatomy of Joints 25
3.1 Shoulder 25
3.2 Elbow 29
3.3 Wrist 34
3.4 Finger 38
3.5 Hip 38
3.6 Knee 43
3.7 Ankle 49
3.8 Foot 52
3.9 Toe 52
3.10 Degradation of Joints 54
References 56
4 Methods of Inspection for Joint Replacements 59
4.1 Introduction 59
4.2 Gait Analysis 60
4.3 X-ray 61
4.4 Tomography and Computed Tomography (CT) 64
4.5 Radionuclide Scanning 66
4.6 Ultrasonography 66
4.7 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 67
References 69
5 Materials in Human Joint Replacement 71
5.1 Introduction 71
5.2 Alloy Metals 71
5.3 Ceramics 79
5.4 Polymers 83
5.5 Joint Replacement Materials in Service 91
5.6 Nanomaterials 95
References 98
6 Methods of Manufacture of Joint Replacements 103
6.1 Introduction 103
6.2 Surface Finish 104
6.3 Tolerance 106
6.4 Wear and Friction 106
6.5 Machining 106
6.6 Forging 112
6.7 Casting 114
6.8 Manufacture of Polymer Parts 119
6.9 Surface Treatment 121
6.10 Surface Finishing of Implants 125
6.11 Manufacture of Joint Replacements 127
References 128
7 Computer-Aided Engineering in Joint Replacements 131
7.1 Introduction 131
7.2 Reverse Engineering 132
7.3 Solid Modelling 133
7.4 Finite Element Analysis (FEA) 137
7.5 Rapid Prototyping (RP) in Joint Replacement Manufacture 141
7.6 Computer-Aided Manufacture 145
7.7 Navigation 150
7.8 Robotics 153
References 162
8 Joint Replacement 167
8.1 Introduction 167
8.2 Shoulder 171
8.3 Elbow 175
8.4 Wrist 178
8.5 Fingers 180
8.6 Hip 183
8.7 Knee 191
8.8 Ankle 200
8.9 Foot and Toe 203
References 206
Index