Nikjoo / Uehara / Emfietzoglou Interaction of Radiation with Matter

1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-1-4665-0960-3
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 364 Seiten

Interaction of Radiation with Matter focuses on the physics of the interactions of ionizing radiation in living matter and the Monte Carlo simulation of radiation tracks. Clearly progressing from an elementary level to the state of the art, the text explores the classical physics of track description as well as modern aspects based on condensed matter physics.

The first section of the book discusses the fundamentals of the radiation field. In the second section, the authors describe the cross sections for electrons and heavy ions—the most important information needed for simulating radiation track at the molecular level. The third section details the inelastic scattering and energy loss of charged particles in condensed media, particularly liquid water. The final section contains a large number of questions and problems to reinforce learning.

Designed for radiation interaction courses, this textbook is the ideal platform for teaching students in medical/health physics and nuclear engineering. It gives students a solid grounding in the physical understanding of radiation track structure in living matter, enabling them to pursue further work in radiological physics and radiation dosimetry.

Zielgruppe

Graduate and advanced undergraduate students in health physics, physics, and nuclear, and mechanical engineering taking courses in radiation dosimetry, radiation interactions, and radiobiology; academics and professionals in health physics.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Nikjoo, Hooshang

Uehara, Shuzo

Emfietzoglou, Dimitris

Fachgebiete

• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizinische Fachgebiete Bildgebende Verfahren, Nuklearmedizin, Strahlentherapie Radiologie, Bildgebende Verfahren
• Naturwissenschaften Physik Quantenphysik Teilchenphysik
• Naturwissenschaften Physik Angewandte Physik Medizinische Physik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Section I
Introduction
Radiation Transport Codes

Basic Knowledge of Radiation
Definitions of Radiation
Electron Volt
Special Theory of Relativity
Electromagnetic Wave and Photon
Interaction Cross Sections
Quantities and Units of Radiation

Atoms
Atomic Nature of Matter
Rutherford’s Atomic Model
Bohr’s Quantum Theory
Quantum Mechanics
Atomic Structure

Atomic Nucleus
Constituents of Nucleus
Binding Energy of Nucleus
Nuclear Models
Nuclear Reaction
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fusion

Radioactivity
Types of Radioactivity
Formulas of Radioactive Decay

X-Rays
Generation of X-Rays
Continuous X-Rays
Characteristic X-Rays
Auger Electrons
Synchrotron Radiation
Diffraction by Crystal

Interaction of Photons with Matter
Types of Interaction
Attenuation Coefficients
Half-Value Layer of X-Rays
Mass Energy Absorption Coefficients

Interaction of Electrons with Matter
Energy Loss of Charged Particles
Collision Stopping Power
Radiative Stopping Power
Ranges
Multiple Scattering
Cerenkov Radiation

Interaction of Heavy Charged Particles with Matter
Collision Stopping Powers
Nuclear Stopping Powers
Ranges
Straggling of Energy Loss and Range

d-Ray, Restricted Stopping Power, and LET
d-Ray
Restricted Stopping Power
LET

Introduction to Monte Carlo Simulation
Monte Carlo Method
Sampling of Reaction Point
Condensed History Technique
Slowing Down of Electrons
Conversion of Angles
Intersection at Boundary

Section II
Cross Sections for Interactions of Photons with Matter
Coherent Scattering
Photoelectric Effect
Incoherent Scattering
Pair Creation
Soft X-Rays

Cross Sections for Interactions of Electrons with Water
Ionization
Excitation
Elastic Scattering
Stopping Powers

Cross Sections for Interactions of Low-Energy Protons (<1 MeVu–1) in Water
Ionization
Excitation
Elastic Scattering
Charge Transfer
Stopping Powers

Cross Sections for Interactions of Low-Energy a-Particles (<2 MeVu–1) in Water
Ionization
Excitation
Elastic Scattering
Charge Transfer
Stopping Powers

Cross Sections for Interactions of High-Energy Protons (>1 MeVu–1) in Water
Ionization
Excitation
Elastic Scattering

Model Calculations Using Track Structure Data of Electrons
Ranges and W Values
Depth-Dose Distributions
Electron Slowing down Spectra

Model Calculations Using Track Structure Data of Ions
KURBUC Code System for Heavy Particles
Ranges and W Values
Depth-Dose Distributions
Radial Dose Distributions
Restricted Stopping Powers

Section III
Inelastic Scattering of Charged Particles in Condensed Media: A Dielectric Theory Perspective
Introduction
Formal Scattering Theory: The Problem
Born Approximation
Bethe Approximation
Electron Gas Theory
Optical Data Models

Section IV
Questions and Problems

A Summary and References appear at the end of each chapter.

Über Autor(innen)

Hooshang Nikjoo is a professor of radiation biophysics in the Department of Oncology-Pathology at the Karolinska Institutet. His research interests encompass computational approaches in molecular radiation biology, including Monte Carlo track structure methods, modeling DNA damage and repair, and a genome-based framework to estimate radiation risk in humans.
Shuzo Uehara is an emeritus professor of physics in the School of Health Sciences at Kyushu University. His research interests include Monte Carlo simulation of ionizing radiation and its application to medicine and biology.
Dimitris Emfietzoglou is an assistant professor in the Medical Physics Laboratory at the University of Ioannina Medical School. His research interests include the interaction of ionizing radiation with biomaterials and nanostructures and Monte Carlo particle transport simulation.