Pergament Methods of Experimental Physics

Erscheinungsjahr 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4200-1214-9
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 362 Seiten

Reihe: Graduate Student Series in Physics

Based on the modern approach of information theory, this book presents novel experimental techniques, tools, and data processing methods for physics applications. It shows readers how to plan and conduct experiments, design and certify measuring equipment, and process and interpret the experimental data.

Drawing on his extensive experience in experimental research, the author discusses the theory of systems for measuring and recording data, the equipment and methods used for studying fast processes, the basic methods of experimental physics, and the methods for interpretation and data processing. Bringing together approaches that have previously been scattered in the literature, the book covers high-speed photography, Fourier optics, spectroscopy, interferometry, holography, electromagnetic waves, X-rays, and corpuscular investigation.

Zielgruppe

Graduate students, scientists, and engineers in physics.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Pergament, M. I.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Physik Physik Allgemein Experimentalphysik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction
Indirect Data and Inverse Problems
Experiment and Stochasticity of the Physical World

General Properties of Measuring-Recording Systems
Linear Measuring-Recording Systems
Transfer Function and Convolution Equation
Transfer Ratio, Amplitude-Frequency and Phase-Frequency Characteristics, and Relation Between Input and Output Signals in Fourier Space
Some Consequences
Discretization
Communication Theory Approach
Determination of the Measuring-Recording System Parameters

Studying Pulse Processes
Time Interval Measurement and Some Elements of Counting Schemes
Measuring Time Dependence
Measuring Light Impulses of Femtosecond Duration

Photographic Methods of Experimental Research and High-Speed Photography
Optical-Mechanical Cameras
Electron-Optical Converters and Cameras
CCD and CMOS Structures Cameras
Photolayers
Electro-Optical Shutters
Summary

Fourier Optics and Fourier Spectroscopy
Diffraction by Optical Transparencies
Filtration in the Fourier Plane
Diffraction Theory of the Resolution of Optical Devices
Fourier Spectroscopy

Methods of Spectroscopy
Spectral Devices and Their Main Characteristics
Dispersive Elements
High Resolution Spectral Devices
Special Methods of Spectral Analysis

Interferometry and Shadow Methods
Interferometry
Light Intensity Distribution in an Interferometric Pattern
Processing Interferograms
Shadowgraphy and Schlieren Techniques

Holographic Methods of Research
Photographic Layers in Holography
Formation of Holograms and Reconstruction of Wavefronts
Reconstruction Techniques

Electromagnetic Probing
Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Media
Scattering by Density Fluctuations
Brillouin Scattering
Thomson, Rayleigh, and Resonance Scattering
Scattering from Moving Electrons
Collective Scattering in Plasma
Instrumental Realization

Measurements in the X-Ray Region of the Spectrum
Spectral Domain and Sources of X-Ray Radiation
X-ray Detectors
Experimental Equipment and Methods for X-Ray Measurements

Corpuscular Investigation Methods
Basal Principles
Analyzers and Mass Spectrometers for Charged Particles
Measurement Methods

Methods of Experimental Data Processing
Models
Reconstruction of Input Signals
Preliminary Processing of Experimental Data Filtering
Quasi-Real Experiments
Reconstructed Signal Accuracy