Pouli / Reinhard / Cunningham Image Statistics in Visual Computing

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4398-7490-5
Verlag: CRC Press
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 372 Seiten

To achieve the complex task of interpreting what we see, our brains rely on statistical regularities and patterns in visual data. Knowledge of these regularities can also be considerably useful in visual computing disciplines, such as computer vision, computer graphics, and image processing. The field of natural image statistics studies the regularities to exploit their potential and better understand human vision. With numerous color figures throughout, Image Statistics in Visual Computing covers all aspects of natural image statistics, from data collection to analysis to applications in computer graphics, computational photography, image processing, and art.

The authors keep the material accessible, providing mathematical definitions where appropriate to help readers understand the transforms that highlight statistical regularities present in images. The book also describes patterns that arise once the images are transformed and gives examples of applications that have successfully used statistical regularities. Numerous references enable readers to easily look up more information about a specific concept or application. A supporting website also offers additional information, including descriptions of various image databases suitable for statistics.

Collecting state-of-the-art, interdisciplinary knowledge in one source, this book explores the relation of natural image statistics to human vision and shows how natural image statistics can be applied to visual computing. It encourages readers in both academic and industrial settings to develop novel insights and applications in all disciplines that relate to visual computing.

Zielgruppe

Computer graphics researchers, vision science researchers, and statisticians.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Pouli, Tania

Reinhard, Erik

Cunningham, Douglas W.

Fachgebiete

• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Professionelle Anwendung
• Mathematik | Informatik Mathematik Stochastik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

BACKGROUND
Introduction
Statistics as Priors
Statistics as Image Descriptors
Statistical Pipeline
Natural Images
Discussion

The Human Visual System
Radiometric and Photometric Terms
Human Vision
The Eyes
The Lateral Geniculate Nucleus and Cortical Processing
Implications of Human Visual Processing

Image Collection and Calibration
Image Capture
Post-Processing and Calibration
Image Databases

IMAGE STATISTICS
First Order Statistics
Histograms and Moments
Moment Statistics and Average Distributions
Material Properties
Nonlinear Compression in Art
Dark-Is-Deep Paradigm
Summary

Gradients, Edges, and Contrast
Real-World Considerations
Gradients
Edges
Linear Scale Space
Contrast in Images
Image Deblurring
Super Resolution
Inpainting

Fourier Analysis
Auto-Correlation
The Fourier Transform
The Wiener-Khintchine Theorem
Power Spectra
Phase Spectra
Human Perception
Fractal Forgeries
Image Processing and Categorization
Texture Descriptors
Terrain Synthesis
Art Statistics

Dimensionality Reduction
Principal Component Analysis
Independent Components Analysis
ICA on Natural Images
Gaussian Mixture Models

Wavelet Analysis
Wavelet Transform
Multiresolution Analysis
Signal Processing
Other Bases
2D Wavelets
Contourlets, Curvelets, and Ridgelets
Coefficient Histograms
Scale Invariance
Correlations between Coefficients
Complex Wavelets
Correlations between Scales
Application: Image Denoising
Application: Progressive Reconstruction
Application: Texture Synthesis

Markov Random Fields
Image Interpretation
Graphs
Probabilities and Markov Random Fields
MAP-MRF
Applications
Complex Models and Patch-Based Regularities
Statistical Analysis of MRFs

BEYOND TWO DIMENSIONS
Color
Trichromacy and Metamerism
Color as a 3D Space
Opponent Processing
Color Transfer
Color Space Statistics
Color Constancy and White Balancing
Summary

Depth Statistics
The "Dead Leaves" Model
Perception of Scene Geometry
Correlations between 2D and Range Statistics
Depth Reconstruction

Time and Motion
The Statistics of Time
Motion
Applications That Use Statistical Motion Regularities
Optical Flow

Appendix: Basic Definitions

Bibliography