Priest Solar Magnetohydrodynamics

1982
ISBN: 978-94-009-7958-1
Verlag: Springer Netherland
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 21, 469 Seiten, eBook

Reihe: Geophysics and Astrophysics Monographs

I have felt the need for a book on the theory of solar magnetic fields for some time now. Most books about the Sun are written by observers or by theorists from other branches of solar physics, whereas those on magnetohydrodynamics do not deal extensively with solar applications. I had thought of waiting a few decades before attempting to put pen to paper, but one summer Josip Kleczek encouraged an im mediate start 'while your ideas are still fresh'. The book grew out of a postgraduate lecture course at St Andrews, and the resulting period of gestation or 'being with monograph' has lasted several years. The Sun is an amazing object, which has continued to reveal completely unexpected features when observed in greater detail or at new wavelengths. What riches would be in store for us if we could view other stars with as much precision! Stellar physics itself is benefiting greatly from solar discoveries, but, in tum, our understanding of many solar phenomena (such as sunspots, sunspot cycles, the corona and the solar wind) will undoubtedly increase in the future due to their observation under different conditions in other stars. In the 'old days' the solar atmosphere was regarded as a static, plane-parallel structure, heated by the dissipation of sound waves and with its upper layer expanding in a spherically symmetric manner as the solar wind. Outside of sunspots the magnetic field was thOUght to be unimportant with a weak uniform value of a few gauss.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Priest, E.R.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1. A description of the sun.- 1.1. Brief History.- 1.2. Overall Properties.- 1.3.The Quiet Sun.- 1.4. Transient Features.- 2. The basic equations of magnetohydrodynamics.- 2.1. Electromagnetic Equations.- 2.2. Plasma Equations.- 2.3. Energy Equations.- 2.4. Summary of Equations.- 2.5. Dimensionless Parameters.- 2.6. Consequences of the Induction Equation.- 2.7. The Lorentz Force.- 2.8. Some Theorems.- 2.9. Summary of Magnetic Flux Tube Behaviour.- 2.10. Summary of Current Sheet Behaviour.- 3. Magnetohydrostatics.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. Plasma Structure in a Prescribed Magnetic Field.- 3.3. The Structure of Magnetic Flux Tubes (Cylindrically Symmetric).- 3.4. Current-Free Fields.- 3.5. Force-Free Fields.- 3.6. Magnetohydrostatic Fields.- 4. Waves.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Sound Waves.- 4.3. Magnetic Waves.- 4.4. Internal Gravity Waves.- 4.5. Inertial Waves.- 4.6. Magnetoacoustic Waves.- 4.7. Acoustic-Gravity Waves.- 4.8. Summary of Magnetoacoustic-Gravity Waves.- 4.9. Five-Minute Oscillations.- 4.10. Waves in a Strongly Inhomogeneous Medium.- 5. Shock waves.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Hydrodynamic Shocks.- 5.3. Perpendicular Shocks.- 5.4. Oblique Shocks.- 6. Heating of the upper atmosphere.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Models for Atmospheric Structure.- 6.3. Acoustic Wave Heating.- 6.4. Magnetic Heating.- 6.5. Coronal Loops.- 7. Instability.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Linearised Equations.- 7.3. Normal Mode Method.- 7.4. Variational (or Energy) Method.- 7.5. Summary of Instabilities.- 8. Sunspots.- 8.1. Magnetoconvection.- 8.2. Magnetic Buoyancy.- 8.3. Cooling of Sunspots.- 8.4. Equilibrium Structure of Sunspots.- 8.5. The Sunspot Penumbra.- 8.6. Evolution of a Sunspot.- 8.7. Intense Flux Tubes.- 9. Dynamo theory.- 9.1. Introduction.- 9.2. Cowling’s Theorem.- 9.3.Qualitative Dynamo Action.- 9.4. Kinematic Dynamos.- 9.5. Magnetohydrodynamic Dynamos.- 9.6. Difficulties with Dynamo Theory.- 10. Solar flares.- 10.1. Magnetic Reconnection.- 10.2. Simple-Loop Flare.- 10.3. Two-Ribbon Flare.- 11. Prominences.- 11.1. Formation.- 11.2. Magnetohydrostatics of Support in a Simple Arcade.- 11.3. Support in Configurations with Helical Fields.- 11.4. Coronal Transients.- 12. The solar wind.- 12.1. Introduction.- 12.2. Parker’s Solution.- 12.3. Models for a Spherical Expansion.- 12.4. Streamers and Coronal Holes.- 12.5. Extra Effects.- Appendix I. Units.- Appendix II. Useful Values and Expressions.- Appendix III. Notation.- References.