Buch, Englisch, 1328 Seiten, Format (B × H): 192 mm x 255 mm, Gewicht: 2802 g
Buch, Englisch, 1328 Seiten, Format (B × H): 192 mm x 255 mm, Gewicht: 2802 g
ISBN: 978-0-470-31995-6
Verlag: John Wiley & Sons Inc
This book brings together the chemical strategies used in the optimisation of organic reactions and processes, and highlights the practical and technological options available. This book offers:
* an encyclopedic treatment of organic chemistry from an industrial, process research and development, and manufacturing point of view
* plenty of examples to illustrate the scope and limitation of the strategies
* a comprehensive index organised by topic, reaction type, and reagent
* an extensive literature survey.
This is an essential and comprehensive guide for experienced practitioners of chemical process research and development, fresh recruits to chemical industry R&D divisions, and academics who are interested in interacting with the chemical industry, optimising their synthetic strategies, and enriching the field of atom economy.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
Weitere Infos & Material
Preface
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
1. The Nature of Process Development
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Desirable Goals of Process Development
1.3 Evolution of an R & D Process into a Process Technology
1.4 Scope and Limitations of Process Development
1.5 The Role of Chemical Engineers
1.6 Exploratory (Investigative) Approach to Optimization
1.7 Statistical Approaches and Automated Works Stations
1.8 Scale-up Considerations
1.9 Process Development in Relation to Plant Equipment
2. Survey of Some Organic Reactions in Relation to Process Development
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Preparation of Acid Chlorides from Carboxylic Acids
2.3 Friedel-Crafts Acylations Acylations
2.4 Grignard Reagents
2.5 The Wittig Reaction
2.6 Ozonolysis
2.7 The Mitsunobu Reaction
2.8 Photochemistry in Process Industry
2.9 Very Low Temperature (Cryogenic) Chemistry (-70° to -100°)
2.10 Reactions Under Very High Pressures
3. Chiral Technology
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Nature of Chirality
3.3 Basic Assumptions of Chiral Technology
3.4 Factors Responsible for the Rapid Growth of Chiral Technology
3.5 Techniques for Obtaining Single Enantiomers
3.6 The Chiral Pool
3.7 Biotechnology
3.8 Racemate Resolution Strategies
3.9 Simplified Methodologies for Optical Resolution
3.9 A Other Strategies for Racemati Resolution.130-
3.9 B Asymmetric Synthesis
4. Strategies for Simplification of Organic Reactions and Processes
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Reaction Simplification Through in situ Generation of components
4.3 Process Simplification
5. Reagent Modification and Rate and Order of Addition of Reagents
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Supported Regents
5.3 Complex formation to Modify Reagent Reactivity
5.4 Effect of Aging of Reagents on Reactivity
5.5 Rate of Addition of Reagents
5.6 Order of Addition of Reagents
6. Additives for Reagents-Fine Tuning of Organic Reactions
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Water as an Additive
6.3 Covalent Organic Compounds as Additives
6.4 Ionic Organic Compounds as Additives
6.5 Metallorganics and Organolithiums as Additives
6.6 Inorganics as additives
7. Choosing A Reagent
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Safety Issues
7.3 Toxicity Consideration
7.4 Cost Consideration
7.5 Nasty By-products
7.6 Efficacy Rather Than Cost
7.7 Strategy Rather Than Reagent
7.8 Operational and Work-up Convenience
7.9 Improved Performance
7.9A Environmental Options in choosing a Reagent
8. By-Products from Side Reactions
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Sources of By-product Formation
9. Solvents and Solvents Effects
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Solvation and its Effect on Solubility and Reactivity
9.3 Solvent effects in Organic Reactions
9.4 Choosing a Solvent
9.5 Impurities in Solvents
9.6 Utility of Mixed Solvents
9.7 Liquid Products as Solvents
9.8 Some Relatively New Solvents
9.9 Aqueons Medium for Organic Reactions
9.10 No solvent is The Best Solvent
9.11 Molten Salts as Solvents
9.12 Room Temperature Ionic Liquids as Solvents
9.13 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide-a Safe and Green Solvent
10. Phase Transfer Catalysis
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Nature of PTC Reactions
10.3 Mechanistic Aspects
10.4 Factors Affecting PTC Reactions
10.5 Choosing a Phase Transfer Catalyst
10.6 Phase Transfer of Neutral Uncharged Molecules
10.7 Organometallic PTC
10.8 Exercising the PTC Option
11. Work-up, Purity, and Purification
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Classical Work-up
11.3 Environmental Problems
11.4 Two Typical Reactions Involving Classical Work-up
11.5 Work-up Procedures for a Variety of Reactions
11.6 Simplification of Reaction Work-up
11.7 Aqueous Biphasic Liquid Systems for Reactions
11.8 Other Types of Aqueous Biphasic Liquid Systems
11.9 Fluorous Biphasic Catalysis and Synthesis
11.10 Purity
11.11 Purification
12. Safety Assessment of Chemical Process Technology
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Early Detection and Prevention of Chemical Accidents
12.3 Principles of Chemical Process Safety
12.4 Reaction Runaway Scenarios
12.5 Chemical Reaction Hazards
12.6 Quantification of Chemical Hazards
References
Index
General
Reaction Type
Reagents.
