Shah Chemical Energy from Natural and Synthetic Gas

1. Auflage 2017
ISBN: 978-1-315-30233-1
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 714 Seiten

Commercial development of energy from renewables and nuclear is critical to long-term industry and environmental goals. However, it will take time for them to economically compete with existing fossil fuel energy resources and their infrastructures. Gas fuels play an important role during and beyond this transition away from fossil fuel dominance to a balanced approach to fossil, nuclear, and renewable energies. Chemical Energy from Natural and Synthetic Gas illustrates this point by examining the many roles of natural and synthetic gas in the energy and fuel industry, addressing it as both a "transition" and "end game" fuel. The book describes various types of gaseous fuels and how are they are recovered, purified, and converted to liquid fuels and electricity generation and used for other static and mobile applications. It emphasizes methane, syngas, and hydrogen as fuels, although other volatile hydrocarbons are considered. It also covers storage and transportation infrastructure for natural gas and hydrogen and methods and processes for cleaning and reforming synthetic gas. The book also deals applications, such as the use of natural gas in power production in power plants, engines, turbines, and vehicle needs.

- Presents a unified and collective look at gas in the energy and fuel industry, addressing it as both a "transition" and "end game" fuel.

- Emphasizes methane, syngas, and hydrogen as fuels.

- Covers gas storage and transport infrastructure.

- Discusses thermal gasification, gas reforming, processing, purification and upgrading.

- Describes biogas and bio-hydrogen production.

- Deals with the use of natural gas in power production in power plants, engines, turbines, and vehicle needs.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Shah, Yatish T.

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Verfahrenstechnik, Chemieingenieurwesen
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umwelttechnik
• Naturwissenschaften Physik Mechanik Energie
• Technische Wissenschaften Umwelttechnik | Umwelttechnologie Umwelttechnik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Chapter 1 Introduction

- Role of Gaseous Fuel in Energy and Fuel Industry

- Types of Natural Gas, Their Markets, and Their Methods of Production

- Synthesis Gas by Thermal Gasification

- Biogas, Biomethane, and Biohydrogen by Anaerobic Digestion

- Hydrogen Production by Hydrothermal Gasification and Water Dissociation

- Gas Reforming

- Gas Cleaning and Upgrading

- Gas Storage and Transportation Infrastructure/Gas Grid

- Conversion of Gas to Liquid Fuels and Fuel Additives

- Usages of Gas for Heat, Power, and Mobile Applications

Chapter 2 Natural Gas

- Introduction

- Methods for Natural Gas Exploration

- Methods for Drilling and Production of Natural Gas

- LNG, CNG, and LPG

- Coal Bed Methane

- Tight Gas

- Shale Gas

- Deep Gas

- Gas from Geopressurized Zones

- Gas Hydrates

Chapter 3 Synthesis Gas by Thermal Gasification

- Introduction

- Parameters Affecting Synthesis Gas Production and Quality Feedstock

- Coal and Oil Shale Gasification

- Gasification of Biomass and Waste

- Co-gasification

- Feed Preparation

- Gasification Reactors

- Commercial Gasification Processes

- Underground Coal Gasification

- Molten Media Gasification

- Plasma Gasification

- Solar Gasification

- Catalytic Gasification

- Indirect Gasification

- Global Gasification Experience

Chapter 4 Biogas and Biohydrogen Production by Anaerobic Digestion

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Mechanism of Anaerobic Digestion for Methane

4.3 Hydrogen Production by Anaerobic Digestion

4.4 Codigestion for Biogas Production

4.5 Feedstock Effects on Biogas Production

4.6 Effects of Harvesting, Storage, and Pretreatment on Biogas Production

4.7 Digester and Associated Process Configurations for Biogas Production

4.8 Process Related and Economic Considerations for Biogas Production

4.9 Purification and Utilization of Biogas and Digestate

4.10 Typical Large-Scale Plants for Biogas Production

Chapter 5 Hydrothermal Gasification

- Introduction

- Hydrogen Market and Methods for Hydrogen Production

- Steam and Hydrogasification of Carbonaceous

Materials

- Hydrothermal Gasification under Subcritical Conditions

- Hydrothermal Gasification under Supercritical Conditions

- Water Dissociation Technologies

- Electrolysis and Its Derivative Technologies

- Photobiological and Photocatalytic Dissociations of Water

- Thermal and Thermochemical Dissociation of Water

- Other Novel Technologies for Water Dissociation

Chapter 6 Gas Reforming

- Introduction

- Types of Gas Reforming

- Water Gas Shift Reaction

- Steam Reforming

- Dry Reforming

- Partial Oxidation/Autothermal/ Trireforming

- Subcritical and Supercritical Water Reforming

- Microwave, Nuclear Heat, and Solar Energy Assisted Reforming

- Plasma Reforming

- Novel Reforming Reactors and Processes

Chapter 7 Gas Processing, Purification, and Upgrading

- Introduction

- Natural Gas Processing

- Factors Affecting Level of Impurities in Syngas

- Technologies for Particulate Removal

- Technologies for Tar Removal

- Technologies for Sulfur Removals

- Technologies for Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide Removals

- Technologies for Chlorine, Alkali, and Heavy Metals Removals

- Some Suggestions for Low Temperature and Low Pressure Syngas Cleaning Process

- RTI High Temperature Impurity Removal Processes

Chapter 8 Gas Storage and Transport Infrastructure

- Introduction

- Natural Gas Storage

- Natural Gas Transport

- Storage and Transport of CNG and NGH

- Storage and Transport of LNG and LPG

- Storage and Transport of Syngas

- Storage and Transport of Biogas and Biomethane

- Hydrogen Storage

- Hydrogen Transport

- Natural Gas and Hydrogen Grids for Stationary and Mobile Applications

Chapter 9 Natural and Synthetic Gas for Productions of Liquid Fuels and Their Additives

- Introduction/Paths for Syngas to Liquid Conversions

- Conversion of Syngas to Methanol

- Conversion of Methanol to Dimethyl Ether, Gasoline, and Olefins

- F-T Synthesis

- Mixed Alcohol Synthesis

- Iso-synthesis

- Oxo-synthesis

- Syngas Fermentation

- Role of Hydrogen in Refinery Operations

- Comparison with Other Methods of Liquid Fuel Productions

Chapter 10 Gas for Heat, Electricity, and Mobile Applications

- Introduction

- The Centralized Power System

- The Distributed Power System

- Smart Electrical Grid to Manage Centralized and Decentralized Power Management

- Gas Turbines

- Micro Turbines

- Combined Cycles and IGCC Technology for Power Generation

- Combined Heat and Power Generation, Cogeneration and Trigeneration

- NGV (CNG and LNG) and LPG Vehicles

- Fuel Cell

Über Autor(innen)

Yatish T. Shah received his B.S. from University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA and M.S. and Sc.D from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA. During his close to 50 years of academic experience, he has served as chemical and petroleum engineering department chairman, dean of engineering, chief research officer, provost, visiting scholar, and visiting professor at ten different institutions. He has more than 40 years of experience in energy-related research and development. He has authored six books and over 250 reviews and refereed technical publications in the areas of energy, environmental, and reaction engineering.