Shivashankar Nuclear Mechanics and Genome Regulation

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-12-381010-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 98, 392 Seiten

Reihe: Methods in Cell Biology

In recent years new discoveries have made this an exciting and important field of research. This exhaustive volume presents comprehensive chapters and detailed background information for researchers working with in the field of nuclear mechanics and genome regulation. - Both classic and state-of-the-art methods readily adaptable and designed to last the test of time - Relevant to clinicians and scientists working in a wide range of fields

Autoren/Hrsg.

Shivashankar, G.V.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover
;1
2;Methods in Cell Biology;2
3;Copyright;5
4;Contents
;6
5;Contributors;10
6;Preface
;14
7;Section A. Cell Nucleus: Organization &
MechanoBiology;16
7.1;Chapter
1. Fluorescence Fluctuation Microscopy to Reveal 3D Architecture and Functionin the Cell Nucleus;18
7.1.1;I. Introduction;19
7.1.2;II. Rationale;29
7.1.3;III. Materials and Methods;29
7.1.4;IV. Results and Discussion;40
7.1.5;V. Conclusions;43
7.1.6;References;45
7.2;Chapter
2. Studying Histone Modifications and Their Genomic Functions by EmployingChromatin Immunoprecipitation and Immunoblotting;50
7.2.1;I. Introduction;51
7.2.2;II. Rationale;57
7.2.3;III. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation;57
7.2.4;IV. Immunoblotting and Coomassie Staining;61
7.2.5;V. Discussion;64
7.2.6;VI. Summary;67
7.2.7;References;67
7.3;Chapter
3. Dynamic Organization of Chromatin Assembly and Transcription Factoriesin Living Cells;72
7.3.1;I. Introduction;73
7.3.2;II. Chromatin Dynamics;74
7.3.3;III. Higher-Order Chromosome Compaction;80
7.3.4;IV. Nuclear Plasticity;84
7.3.5;V. Spatio-temporal Organization of Transcription Factories and Gene Loci;86
7.3.6;VI. Conclusions;90
7.3.7;References;91
7.4;Chapter
4. Manipulation and Isolation of Single Cells and Nuclei;94
7.4.1;I. Introduction;95
7.4.2;II. Techniques for Single-Cell Manipulation;96
7.4.3;III. Nuclear Isolation and Manipulation;104
7.4.4;IV. Discussion and Future Implications;107
7.4.5;References;107
7.5;Chapter
5. Beyond Lamins: Other Structural Components of the Nucleoskeleton;112
7.5.1;I. Introduction;113
7.5.2;II. Methods;121
7.5.3;III. Discussion and Prospects;129
7.5.4;References;129
7.6;Chapter
6. Altered Mechanical Properties of the Nucleus in Disease;136
7.6.1;I. Introduction;137
7.6.2;II. Rationale;139
7.6.3;III. Materials;140
7.6.4;IV. Methods;142
7.6.5;V. Results and Discussion;150
7.6.6;VI. Summary;153
7.6.7;References;153
7.7;Chapter
7. Theoretical Concepts and Models of Cellular Mechanosensing;158
7.7.1;I. Introduction;159
7.7.2;II. Macromolecular Components Involved in Cellular Mechanosensing;160
7.7.3;III. Cell Adhesion;163
7.7.4;IV. Active and Passive Mechanics of the Cytoskeleton;166
7.7.5;V. Slow Mechanical Processes in the Cytoskeleton;171
7.7.6;VI. Cellular Response to External Mechanical Stress;174
7.7.7;VII. Discussion;183
7.7.8;References;184
8;Section
B. Impact of Nuclear Mechanics on Function;192
8.1;Chapter
8. Mechanical Induction of Gene Expression in Connective Tissue Cells;194
8.1.1;I. Introduction;195
8.1.2;II. Extracellular Matrix Environment;196
8.1.3;III. Mechanical Signaling;197
8.1.4;IV. Overview of Methods for Mechanical Cell Stimulation;199
8.1.5;V. Cardiac Fibrosis and Mechanical Induction of Gene Expression;203
8.1.6;VI. Conclusions;210
8.1.7;References;212
8.2;Chapter
9. Physical Plasticity of the Nucleus and its Manipulation;222
8.2.1;I. Introduction;223
8.2.2;II. Micropipette Aspiration;223
8.2.3;III. Molecular Mechanisms from Reengineered Nuclei;229
8.2.4;IV. Isolation of Individual Nuclei;232
8.2.5;V. Outlook;234
8.2.6;References;234
8.3;Chapter
10. Prestressed Nuclear Organization in Living Cells;236
8.3.1;I. Introduction;237
8.3.2;II. Mechanics of Isolated Nucleus;237
8.3.3;III. Nuclear Prestress in Cellular Context;243
8.3.4;IV. Conclusions;250
8.3.5;References;251
8.4;Chapter
11. Nanotopography/Mechanical Induction of Stem-Cell Differentiation;256
8.4.1;I. Introduction;257
8.4.2;II. Types of Topological Patterns;257
8.4.3;III. Stem Cell Reception to Substrate Topology;263
8.4.4;IV. Cell Shape: A Regulator of Biological Processes;293
8.4.5;V. Conclusions;302
8.4.6;References;303
8.5;Chapter
12. Mechanical Induction in Embryonic Development and Tumor Growth:Integrative Cues Through Molecular to Multicellular Interplay andEvolutionary Perspectives;310
8.5.1;I. Introduction;311
8.5.2;II. Genetic Control of Morphogenetic Movements: Underlying MolecularMechanisms and Evaluation of Forces;313
8.5.3;III. Mechanical Control of Gene Expression: Testing Mechanical Inductionby Application of Endogenous Forces from the Inside of the Embryo;317
8.5.4;IV. Mechanotransduction in the Control of Posttranslational MorphogeneticEvents: Mechanical Activation of the Myosin-II Apico-Basal PolarityTriggering Mesoderm Invagination;325
8.5.5;V. Incidences of Mechanical Induction in Tumor Development;331
8.5.6;VI. Mechano-Genetics Network in Perspective of Evolution: Reactivationof a Primitive Feeding Response of Ancient Embryos Recapitulated inEmbryonic Morphogenetic Invagination? Mechanical Induction in FirstMulticellular Organism Emergence?;333
8.5.7;References;334
8.6;Chapter
13. Informatics-Based Analysis of Mechanosignaling in the Laminopathies;338
8.6.1;I. Introduction;339
8.6.2;II. Methods;341
8.6.3;III. Reagents and Equipment for Subjecting Cells to Uniaxial Strain;346
8.6.4;IV. Discussion;348
8.6.5;V. Summary;349
8.6.6;References;349
8.7;Chapter
14. Autosomal Dominant Leukodystrophy Caused by Lamin B1 Duplications:A Clinical and Molecular Case Study of Altered Nuclear Function and Disease;352
8.7.1;I. Introduction;353
8.7.2;II. Leukodystrophies;355
8.7.3;III. Adult-Onset Autosomal Dominant Leukodystrophy;356
8.7.4;IV. Molecular Genetics of ADLD;361
8.7.5;V. Molecular Mechanisms of ADLD Duplication Events;362
8.7.6;VI. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying ADLD Disease Pathology;364
8.7.7;VII. Animal Models of Lamin B1 Mutations;366
8.7.8;VIII. Aging and ADLD;367
8.7.9;IX. ADLD and MS;368
8.7.10;X. Summary;368
8.7.11;References;369
9;Subject Index;374
10;Volumes in Series;386