Silverstein A History of Immunology

2. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-0-08-091946-1
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 553 Seiten

Written by an immunologist, this book traces the concept of immunity from ancient times up to the present day, examining how changing concepts and technologies have affected the course of the science. It shows how the personalities of scientists and even political and social factors influenced both theory and practice in the field. With fascinating stories of scientific disputes and shifting scientific trends, each chapter examines an important facet of this discipline that has been so central to the development of modern biomedicine. With its biographical dictionary of important scientists and its lists of significant discoveries and books, this volume will provide the most complete historical reference in the field.
• Written in an elegant style by long-time practicing immunologist
• Discusses the changing theories and technologies that guided the field
• Tells of the exciting disputes among prominent scientists
• Lists all the important discoveries and books in the field
• Explains in detail the many Nobel prize-winning contributions of immunologists

Autoren/Hrsg.

Silverstein, Arthur M.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;A History of Immunology;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Dedication;6
5;Contents;8
6;List of plates;10
7;Foreword: On history and historians;12
8;Preface to the second edition;18
9;Preface to the first edition;20
10;Colophon;23
11;Part One Intellectual History;24
11.1;Chapter 1 Theories of acquired immunity;26
11.1.1;Magic and theurgic origin of disease;28
11.1.2;Expulsion theories of acquired immunity;30
11.1.3;A distension theory: iatrophysics;33
11.1.4;Depletion theories;35
11.1.5;The retention theory and other concepts;41
11.1.6;Notes and references;44
11.2;Chapter 2 Cellular vs humoral immunity;48
11.2.1;Background to the conflict;49
11.2.2;Cellular vs humoral immunity;55
11.2.3;Consequences of the humoralist victory;61
11.2.4;Notes and references;63
11.3;Chapter 3 Theories of antibody formation;66
11.3.1;Antigen-incorporation theories;67
11.3.2;The first selection theory;70
11.3.3;Instruction theories;72
11.3.4;Selection theories;81
11.3.5;Conclusions;86
11.3.6;Notes and references;87
11.4;Chapter 4 The generation of antibody diversity: the germline/somatic mutation debate;92
11.4.1;The background: the ever-enlarging repertoire;92
11.4.2;The cornerstones of the opposing positions;93
11.4.3;Resolution of the debate;98
11.4.4;The evolutionary paradox;100
11.4.5;Notes and references;104
11.5;Chapter 5 The clonal selection theory challenged: the ‘‘immunological self’’;108
11.5.1;Challenges to clonal selection;108
11.5.2;The clonal selection theory;110
11.5.3;Notes and references;116
11.6;Chapter 6 The concept of immunologic specificity;120
11.6.1;The background to biological specificity;121
11.6.2;Paul Ehrlich: specific receptors;125
11.6.3;The Ehrlich-Bordet debates;130
11.6.4;The Ehrlich-Gruber debate;134
11.6.5;Karl Landsteiner, The Compleat Immunochemist;137
11.6.6;Specificity and theories of antibody formation;142
11.6.7;Notes and references;145
11.7;Chapter 7 Immunologic specificity: solutions;152
11.7.1;The structural basis of immunological specificity;153
11.7.2;Specificity in cellular immunity;161
11.7.3;Specific triggers and nonspecific amplifiers;166
11.7.4;Specificity and repertoire size;168
11.7.5;Conclusions;170
11.7.6;Notes and references;170
11.8;Chapter 8 Horror autotoxicus: the concept ofnbspautoimmunity1;176
11.8.1;The real meaning of horror autotoxicus;177
11.8.2;The ‘‘classical period’’ of autoimmunity research;179
11.8.3;The Dark Ages of autoimmunity research;184
11.8.4;The modern period of autoimmunity research;187
11.8.5;Conclusions;194
11.8.6;Notes and references;195
11.9;Chapter 9 Allergy and immunopathology: thenbsp‘‘price’’ of immunity;200
11.9.1;Early observations4;201
11.9.2;The debate on the mechanism of allergy;203
11.9.3;Progress in allergy - the clinical discipline46;209
11.9.4;The concept of ‘‘allergy of infection’’;212
11.9.5;Progress on delayed (tuberculin)-type hypersensitivity;216
11.9.6;Other immunopathologic processes;221
11.9.7;Immunologic deficiency diseases;223
11.9.8;Conclusions;225
11.9.9;Notes and references;226
11.10;Chapter 10 Anti-antibodies and anti-idiotype immunoregulation 1899-1904;234
11.10.1;Idiotypes and anti-idiotypes, 1963-1985;235
11.10.2;The background to anti-antibodies, 1890-1899;239
11.10.3;Anti-antibodies, 1899-1904;242
11.10.4;The demise of anti-antibody theories, 1901-1905;248
11.10.5;Conclusions;249
11.10.6;Notes and references;250
11.11;Chapter 11 Transplantation and immunogenetics;254
11.11.1;Transplantation biology;255
11.11.2;The renaissance of transplantation biology;263
11.11.3;Progress in transplantation research;267
11.11.4;Immunogenetics76;271
11.11.5;Notes and references;276
12;Part Two Social History;282
12.1;Chapter 12 The uses of antibody: magic bullets and magic markers;284
12.1.1;Immunotherapy;285
12.1.2;Immunodiagnosis;292
12.1.3;Identification, assay, and localization;296
12.1.4;Taxonomy and anthropology;302
12.1.5;Forensic pathology;303
12.1.6;Comment;304
12.1.7;Notes and references;305
12.2;Chapter 13 The royal experiment: 1721-1722;314
12.2.1;Smallpox and its prevention;314
12.2.2;The introduction of inoculation into England;315
12.2.3;The royal experiment;318
12.2.4;Discussion;321
12.2.5;Notes and references;324
12.3;Chapter 14 The languages of immunological dispute;328
12.3.1;The Donath-Landsteiner discovery: 1904;328
12.3.2;Linguistic aspects of the great immunological debate;330
12.3.3;Karl Landsteiner’s scientific style;336
12.3.4;Contemporary views of the Donath-Landsteiner report;338
12.3.5;The lexicon of scientific dispute;341
12.3.6;Notes and references;343
12.4;Chapter 15 The search for cell-bound antibodies: on the influence of dogma;348
12.4.1;The historical background to the problem;349
12.4.2;The hegemony of the antibody paradigm;351
12.4.3;The search for IgT;353
12.4.4;Resolution: T and B cells and the TCR;354
12.4.5;Comment;355
12.4.6;Notes and references;356
12.5;Chapter 16 ‘‘Natural’’ antibodies and ‘‘virgin’’ lymphocytes: the importance of context;360
12.5.1;‘‘Natural’’ antibodies;360
12.5.2;‘‘Virgin’’ lymphocytes;365
12.5.3;Notes and references;368
12.6;Chapter 17 The dynamics of conceptual change in immunology;370
12.6.1;The research program of early immunology;371
12.6.2;The fate of the early research programs;375
12.6.3;The rise of immunochemistry;377
12.6.4;The immunobiological revolution;380
12.6.5;Comment;382
12.6.6;Notes and references;384
12.7;Chapter 18 Immunology in transition 1951-1972: the role of international meetings and discipline leaders1;390
12.7.1;Immunological meetings, 1951-1972;391
12.7.2;The disciplinary leadership of immunology, 1951-1972;394
12.7.3;The inner dynamics of immunology, 1951-1972;397
12.7.4;Comment;406
12.7.5;Notes and references;407
12.7.6;Immunological meetings, 1951-1972;411
12.7.7;1951;411
12.7.8;1953;411
12.7.9;1954;411
12.7.10;1955;411
12.7.11;1956;412
12.7.12;1957;412
12.7.13;1958;412
12.7.14;1959;412
12.7.15;1960;412
12.7.16;1961;413
12.7.17;1962;413
12.7.18;1963;413
12.7.19;1964;413
12.7.20;1965;414
12.7.21;1966;414
12.7.22;1967;414
12.7.23;1968;415
12.7.24;1969;415
12.7.25;1970;415
12.7.26;1971;416
12.7.27;1972;416
12.8;Chapter 19 The emergence of subdisciplines;418
12.8.1;Ocular immunology;419
12.8.2;Pediatric immunology;425
12.8.3;Immunophysiology;430
12.8.4;Comment;436
12.8.5;Notes and references;437
12.9;Chapter 20 Immune hemolysis: on the value of experimental systems;444
12.9.1;Background to the discovery;444
12.9.2;Conceptual consequences;445
12.9.3;Practical consequences of immune hemolysis;448
12.9.4;Comments;450
12.9.5;Notes and references;451
12.10;Chapter 21 Darwinism and immunology: from Metchnikoff to Burnet;454
12.10.1;The struggle for existence;455
12.10.2;Immunochemistry: immunology without Darwin;457
12.10.3;Immunobiology: Darwin returns to immunology;458
12.10.4;Darwinism triumphant;459
12.10.5;Notes and references;460
12.11;Chapter 22 The end of immunology?;464
12.11.1;Declarations of ‘‘the end’’ in other fields;465
12.11.2;Silent decisions to leave immunology;466
12.11.3;Silent decisions to join immunology;467
12.11.4;Other examples of discipline shift;469
12.11.5;Comment;470
12.11.6;Notes and references;472
13;Appendix A - The calendar of immunologic progress;478
13.1;A1. Epochs in immunology;478
13.2;A2. Seminal discoveries;481
13.3;A3: Important books in immunology, 1892–1968;483
14;Appendix B - Nobel Prize highlights in immunology;488
15;Appendix C - Biographical dictionary;498
16;Author Index;526
17;Subject Index;540