Sumathi / Esakkirajan Fundamentals of Relational Database Management Systems

1. Auflage 2007
ISBN: 978-3-540-48399-1
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 47, 803 Seiten, eBook

Reihe: Studies in Computational Intelligence

Information is a valuable resource to an organization. Computer software provides an efficient means of processing information, and database systems are becoming an increasingly common means by which it is possible to store and retrieve information in an effective manner. This book provides comprehensive coverage of fundamentals of database management systems. This book is for those who wish a better understanding of relational data modeling, its purpose, its nature, and the standards used in creating relational data models.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Sumathi, S.

Esakkirajan, S.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Overview of Database Management System.- Entity–Relationship Model.- Relational Model.- Structured Query Language.- PL/SQL.- Database Design.- Transaction Processing and Query Optimization.- Database Security and Recovery.- Physical Database Design.- Data Mining and Data Warehousing.- Objected-Oriented and Object Relational DBMS.- Distributed and Parallel Database Management Systems.- Recent Challenges in DBMS.- Projects in DBMS.

Leseproben

1 Overview of Database Management System (P. 1)

Learning Objectives. This chapter provides an overview of database management system which includes concepts related to data, database, and database management system. After completing this chapter the reader should be familiar with the following concepts:

– Data, information, database, database management system
– Need and evolution of DBMS
– File management vs. database management system
– ANSI/SPARK data model
– Database architecture: two-, three-, and multitier architecture

1.1 Introduction

Science, business, education, economy, law, culture, all areas of human development "work" with the constant aid of data. Databases play a crucial role within science research: the body of scientific and technical data and information in the public domain is massive and factual data are fundamental to the progress of science.

But the progress of science is not the only process affected by the way people use databases. Stock exchange data are absolutely necessary to any analyst, access to comprehensive databases of large scale is an everyday activity of a teacher, an educator, an academic or a lawyer.

There are databases collecting all sorts of different data: nuclear structure and radioactive decay data for isotopes (the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File) and genes sequences (the Human Genome Database), prisoners’ DNA data ("DNA o.ender database"), names of people accused for drug o.enses, telephone numbers, legal materials and many others.

In this chapter, the basic idea about database management system, its evolution, its advantage over conventional file system, database system structure is discussed.

1.2 Data and Information

Data are raw facts that constitute building block of information. Data are the heart of the DBMS. It is to be noted that all the data will not convey useful information. Useful information is obtained from processed data. In other words, data has to be interpreted in order to obtain information. Good, timely, relevant information is the key to decision making. Good decision making is the key to organizational survival.

Data are a representation of facts, concepts, or instructions in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by humans or automatic means. The data in DBMS can be broadly classified into two types, one is the collection of information needed by the organization and the other is "metadata" which is the information about the database. The term "metadata" will be discussed in detail later in this chapter.

Data are the most stable part of an organization’s information system. A company needs to save information about employees, departments, and salaries. These pieces of information are called data. Permanent storage of data are referred to as persistent data. Generally, we perform operations on data or data items to supply some information about an entity. For example library keeps a list of members, books, due dates, and fines.

1.3 Database

A database is a well-organized collection of data that are related in a meaningful way, which can be accessed in different logical orders. Database systems are systems in which the interpretation and storage of information are of primary importance.