Sundararajan Electroporation-Based Therapies for Cancer

From Basics to Clinical Applications
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-908818-29-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 49, 352 Seiten

Reihe: Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomedicine

Electroporation-Based Therapies for Cancer reviews electroporation-based clinical studies in hospitals for various cancer treatments, including melanomas, head and neck cancers, chest wall breast carcinomas, and colorectal cancers, as well as research studies in the lab using cell lines, primary cells, and animals. Cancer kills about one American per minute, amounting to over 500,000 deaths in the United States and millions, worldwide, each year. There is a critical need for safe, effective, and affordable alternative treatment modalities, especially for inoperable, recurring, and chemo-resistant cancers, that do not respond well to current treatment regimen. An electrical-pulse-mediated, enhanced drug delivery technique known as electroporation is one way to effectively treat these patients. This technique is especially suitable for low- and middle-income countries, where lack of infrastructure and resources leads to cancer diagnoses at late stages. This quick, safe, effective, economical, out-patient-based technique is a boon to these patients for palliative and other care with enhanced quality of life. This book features discussions by interdisciplinary authors-including practicing oncological surgeons, medical professionals, and academic and other researchers-of the basics and clinical medical applications of electroporation. - Provides novel and recent clinical applications of electrochemotherapy for various cancers, including melanomas, sarcomas, superficial extreme melanoma, chest wall breast carcinoma, and colorectal cancers - Extensive study of a number of cell lines, including human breast cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer, leukemia, and mouse breast cancer using both reversible and irreversible electroporation techniques - In vitro study of delivery of various commonly prescribed/administered breast cancer chemo and hormone drugs, such as Doxorubicin, Paclitaxel, Bleomycin, and Tamoxifen

Autoren/Hrsg.

Sundararajan, Raji

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover
;1
2;Electroporation-based therapies for cancer: From basics to clinical applications
;4
3;Copyright
;5
4;Dedication;6
5;Epigraph;8
6;Contents;10
7;List of figures and tables
;16
7.1;Figures;16
7.2;Tables;23
8;Acknowledgments;26
9;About the editor;28
10;About the contributors;30
11;Introduction;40
12;1 Electrochemotherapy – A novel cancer treatment
;46
12.1;1.1 Why electrochemotherapy?;46
12.2;1.2 References;47
13;2 Clinical electrochemotherapy for chest wall recurrence from breast cancer
;48
13.1;2.1 Introduction;49
13.2;2.2 Scope of the problem;50
13.3;2.3 Treatment options for chest wall recurrence;54
13.4;2.4 Clinical experience with electrochemotherapy;62
13.5;2.5 Electrochemotherapy: the engineer’s point of view;67
13.6;2.6 Conclusions and perspectives;72
13.7;2.7 Acknowledgments;73
13.8;2.8 References;74
14;3 Clinical electrochemotherapy for advanced superficial melanoma
;80
14.1;3.1 Introduction;81
14.2;3.2 Therapeutic options in advanced melanoma;83
14.3;3.3 Clinical experience with electrochemotherapy;85
14.4;3.4 Conclusions and perspectives;94
14.5;3.5 References;95
15;4 Low and high voltage electrochemotherapy for breast cancer: an in vitro model study
;100
15.1;4.1 Introduction;101
15.2;4.2 Anatomy of the breast and its cancer;104
15.3;4.3 Drug delivery issues;104
15.4;4.4 Chemotherapy issues;106
15.5;4.5 Common adverse effects of anticancer drugs;107
15.6;4.6 Anticancer drug resistance;108
15.7;4.7 Electroporation and electrochemotherapy;110
15.8;4.8 Materials and methods;112
15.9;4.9 Results and discussion;125
15.10;4.10 Conclusions;142
15.11;4.11 Acknowledgments;144
15.12;4.12 References;144
16;5 Why electroporation is a useful technique for cancer treatments
;148
16.1;5.1 Introduction;148
16.2;5.2 What is electroporation (EP)?;151
16.3;5.3 Irreversible electroporation (IRE);152
16.4;5.4 Electrochemotherapy (ECT);152
16.5;5.5 Example of a hydrophilic agent used with electrochemotherapy;153
16.6;5.6 Local delivery by intratumoral injection versus systemic administration in EP;153
16.7;5.7 Prerequisites for effective ECT;154
16.8;5.8 ECT can overcome multidrug resistance;154
16.9;5.9 Intense nanosecond pulsed electric fi elds (nsPEFs);155
16.10;5.10 Electroporation therapies can produce a reduction in blood fl ow to tumors;156
16.11;5.11 Properties of solid tumors;157
16.12;5.12 Why do tumors have increased susceptibility to (EP) permeabilizing pulses, compared to that of normal tissue?;158
16.13;5.13 Membrane composition and mineral concentrations of cancer cells affect the electrical properties;159
16.14;5.14 Oxygen levels vary in solid tumors;160
16.15;5.15 Glycolysis and pH;161
16.16;5.16 Conclusions;163
16.17;5.17 References;163
17;6 Electricallyenhanced proliferation control of cancerstemcellslike adult human mesenchymal stem cells – a novel modality of treatment
;172
17.1;6.1 Introduction – stem cells;173
17.2;6.2 Mesenchymal stem cells;174
17.3;6.3 Cancer and cancer stem cells;174
17.4;6.4 Electrochemotherapy;178
17.5;6.5 In-Vitro study of ECT on MSC
;180
17.6;6.6 Materials and methods;180
17.7;6.7 Results and analyses;185
17.8;6.8 Discussion and conclusions;198
17.9;6.9 Future directions;199
17.10;6.10 Acknowledgments;200
17.11;6.11 References;200
18;7 An in vitro study of electroporation of leukemia and cervical cancer cells
;206
18.1;7.1 Introduction;207
18.2;7.2 Materials and methods;212
18.3;7.3 Results and analysis;218
18.4;7.4 Conclusions;223
18.5;7.5 Acknowledgments;225
18.6;7.6 References;225
19;8 Low voltage nanosecond electroporation for breast cancer treatment: an in vitro study
;230
19.1;8.1 Introduction;231
19.2;8.2 Materials and methods;232
19.3;8.3 Results and analysis;236
19.4;8.4 Discussion and conclusions;237
19.5;8.5 Acknowledgment;241
19.6;8.6 References;241
20;9 Low and high voltage electroporation of in vitro human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells
;244
20.1;9.1 Introduction;245
20.2;9.2 Materials and methods;248
20.3;9.3 Results and analysis;251
20.4;9.4 Discussion and summary;257
20.5;9.5 Acknowledgments;261
20.6;9.6 References;261
21;10 Irreversible electroporation: a drugfree cancer treatment
;264
21.1;10.1 Introduction;265
21.2;10.2 Materials and methods;267
21.3;10.3 Results and analyses;273
21.4;10.4 Discussion and conclusions;283
21.5;10.5 Acknowledgments;286
21.6;10.6 References;286
22;11 Targeted delivery of siRNA and other difficult to transfect molecules using electroporation: current status and future scope
;290
22.1;11.1 Introduction;290
22.2;11.2 siRNA – a potential therapeutic tool for cancer treatment;291
22.3;11.3 siRNAGene targets in Cancer;292
22.4;11.4 Delivery of siRNA;293
22.5;11.5 Electroporationbased siRNA delivery;295
22.6;11.6 Summary and Future Scope;300
22.7;11.7 References;300
23;12 Electric field distribution study of breast tumors
;304
23.1;12.1 Introduction;305
23.2;12.2 Electric field concepts
;306
23.3;12.3 Electrical properties of cells;306
23.4;12.4 Finite element modeling;308
23.5;12.5 Electric field intensity used in clinical electrochemotherapy
;311
23.6;12.6 Electrodes used;312
23.7;12.7 Thermal effects of electroporation;312
23.8;12.8 Simulation;313
23.9;12.9 Breast modeling;313
23.10;12.10 Results and discussion;322
23.11;12.11 Conclusions;332
23.12;12.12 References;333
24;Index;338