Ushakov / Vajov / Zinoviev Electro-discharge Technology for Drilling Wells and Concrete Destruction

1. Auflage 2018
ISBN: 978-3-030-04591-3
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 267 Seiten, eBook

This book provides a concise introduction to the physical foundations of the electro-discharge technology and applies it to the drilling of wells, the demolition of reinforced concrete objects, and the cutting of cracks in rocks and concrete. The electro-physical basis of this technology and the technical implementation of using spark discharge as a 'working tool' in the above-mentioned contexts are also briefly considered. The book is intended for all scientists and experts working in the field of resource exploration and extraction, those engaged in building new objects, and in reconstructing or demolishing old ones. It can also be used as a textbook by students and postgraduates, deepening their knowledge of these innovative technologies.


Associate Professor Vladislav F. Vajov graduated from the Tomsk Polytechnic Institute (now the Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU)) in 1963. He subsequently received his Ph.D. and Doctor of Science degree from the same university in 1974 and 2015, respectively. His doctoral dissertation explored the technological fundamentals of electric impulse drilling and cutting of rocks. Since 1963, he has worked at the High Voltage Research Institute (now the Engineering School of New Production Technologies). Having participated in virtually all field tests of electro-discharge drilling installations over the years, he is also the author of more than 100 scientific publications and holds 29 certificates and patents. Professor Vasily Ya. Ushakov graduated from Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) in 1962, and received his Ph.D. and Doctor of Science degree from the same university in 1965 and 1973, respectively. Ushakov is a well-known expert on high-voltage engineering, particularly in the area of electric breakdown of condensed media, insulation of pulsed power equipment, and electro-discharge technology. He has published over 250 scientific articles, 25 monographs and textbooks, and holds 38 invention certificates and patents. From 1974 to 1981, he was head of the high-voltage department; from 1979 to 1992 he was Director of the High-Voltage Research Institute; and from 1992 to 2001 he was the Vice-Rector for Research (all at the TPU). Since 2001, he has led the TPU's Resources Saving Centre.Candidate of Technical Sciences Nikolai T. Zinoviev graduated from the TPU in 1973 and received his Ph.D. degree in 1980. The topic of his thesis was 'Investigation of the energy characteristics of the spark channel in order to optimize the devices of electro-pulse technology.' In subsequent years, he continued to work on the same problem as a senior research fellow and head of the laboratory 'Physics of Electro-Impulse Processes' at the Engineering School of New Production Technologies (1984-2010). Under his leadership, full-scale installations for the demolition of sub-standard reinforced concrete products were manufactured, tested and supplied to Russian and foreign customers (Kazakhstan - 1992, Japan - 1995, Germany - 1997, and Armenia - 1998). He has published one monograph and 20 scientific articles on this topic, and holds more than 30 certificates and patents.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Ushakov, V. Ya.

Vajov, V. F.

Zinoviev, N. T.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
1.1;References;9
2;Contents;10
3;Abstract;14
4;1 Relevance, Physical Basics, and Problems of Large-Scale Introduction of Electrodischarge Technology;15
4.1;1.1 Destruction of Solid Dielectric Materials by Traditional Methods;15
4.2;1.2 Physical Basics of EDT;17
4.3;1.3 Problems of Large-Scale Implementation of EDT;23
4.4;References;25
5;2 Impulse Electrical Strength of Rocks and Concretes;27
5.1;2.1 Physico-Mechanical and Electro-Physical Characteristics of Rocks and Concretes and Their Influence on the Electrical Strength;27
5.1.1;2.1.1 Rocks;28
5.1.2;2.1.2 Concretes;32
5.2;2.2 Influence of the Factors Manifested Themselves in EDT on the Electrical Strength of Rocks and Concretes;36
5.2.1;2.2.1 Voltage Impulse Duration, Polarity, and Shape;36
5.2.2;2.2.2 The Interelectrode Distance and the Position of the Electrodes Relative to the Material or Article to Be Destroyed;39
5.2.3;2.2.3 Temperature and Static Pressure;42
5.2.4;2.2.4 Impact of Dynamic Loads Resulting from Preceding Discharges;46
5.3;References;51
6;3 Liquids Used as an Insulation and a Working Medium;53
6.1;3.1 Requirements for Liquids Used in the EDT;53
6.2;3.2 Influence of Factors Manifested Themselves in the EDT on the Electric Strength of Liquids;55
6.2.1;3.2.1 Voltage Impulse Duration, Polarity, and Shape;55
6.2.2;3.2.2 Pressure and Temperature;58
6.2.3;3.2.3 Interelectrode Gap;61
6.2.4;3.2.4 Position of the Electrodes Relative to the Liquid-Solid Interface;63
6.3;References;65
7;4 Discharge Channel as a “Working Tool” in EDT;66
7.1;4.1 Electrophysical Parameters and Dynamics of the Discharge Channel;67
7.1.1;4.1.1 Discharge Channel as an Electrical Load;68
7.1.2;4.1.2 Energy Characteristics of the Discharge Channel. Transient Processes;79
7.1.3;4.1.3 Energy Balance of the Channel Stage of the Discharge;86
7.2;4.2 Peak Pressure in the Discharge Channel;91
7.3;References;93
8;5 Regularities of Rock Destruction in the Process of ED-Drilling of Wells;95
8.1;5.1 Spatiotemporal Regularities of the Breakdown in Gaps Formed by Electrodes Superimposed on One Surface of a Solid;95
8.2;5.2 Geometrical Parameters of a Slabbing Crater;100
8.3;5.3 Influence of the Energy Input Dynamics on the Destruction Characteristics;106
8.4;5.4 Combined Effect of Elevated Pressures and Temperatures on the ED-Destruction of Rocks;110
8.5;References;114
9;6 Insulating Design in EDT Installations;116
9.1;6.1 Requirements for Insulating Materials and Structures;116
9.2;6.2 Single-Impulse and Multi-impulse Strength of Insulating Materials and Structures in EDT;118
9.2.1;6.2.1 Methods of Sample Preparation and Testing;118
9.2.2;6.2.2 Statistical Processing of Results;120
9.2.3;6.2.3 Multi-impulse Electrical Strength of Polyethylene Insulation;122
9.2.4;6.2.4 Influence of the Preliminary Exposure to Voltage Impulses on the Single-Impulse Electrical Strength of Polyethylene;124
9.2.5;6.2.5 Influence of the Preliminary Exposure to Voltage Impulses on the Multi-impulse Electrical Strength of Polyethylene;127
9.3;6.3 Basic Principles for Designing and Preliminary Rejection of Electroinsulating Structures;129
9.4;References;135
10;7 Drilling of Wells;137
10.1;7.1 Experience of ED Drilling in the Initial Stages of EDT Development;138
10.2;7.2 Technological Scheme of the Drilling Rig;141
10.3;7.3 Operational Characteristics of Drill Rigs;144
10.3.1;7.3.1 Geometrical Parameters of the Drill Head;144
10.3.2;7.3.2 Operating Voltage;155
10.3.3;7.3.3 Particle Size Distribution and Fractional Composition of Drill Cuttings;156
10.3.4;7.3.4 Intensity of Well Flushing;163
10.3.5;7.3.5 Productivity and Energy Consumption;165
10.3.6;7.3.6 Drilling Speed;171
10.4;References;175
11;8 Destruction and Recycling of Reinforced Concrete Products;176
11.1;8.1 Urgency of the Problem and Ways of Its Solution;176
11.2;8.2 Studies of the Characteristics of ED Concrete Destruction on Samples;178
11.2.1;8.2.1 Experimental Procedure;178
11.2.2;8.2.2 Influence of the Regime of Energy Liberation in the Discharge Channel on the Destruction Characteristics;181
11.2.3;8.2.3 Influence of Mechanical Strength of Concretes on the Effectiveness of Their Destruction;184
11.3;8.3 Main Technological Characteristics of the ED Destruction of Sub-standard Reinforced Concrete Products from the Results of the Laboratory Installation Testing;185
11.4;8.4 Design Principles and Basic Elements of Installations Intended for Destruction of Reinforced Concrete Products;190
11.4.1;8.4.1 Composition and Parameters of the Main Installation Components;190
11.4.2;8.4.2 High-Voltage Impulse Generator;192
11.4.3;8.4.3 Electrode System (Actuator);194
11.4.4;8.4.4 Control of the Position of the Electrode System Relative to the Product to be Destructed;206
11.4.5;8.4.5 Preparatory Technological Operations;208
11.5;8.5 Performance Indicators Semi-industrial Installations;209
11.6;References;211
12;9 Fragmentation of the Filler—The Final Stage of Preparation of Reinforced Concrete Products for Utilization;212
12.1;9.1 Choice of the Method of Fragmentation of a Concrete Filler;212
12.1.1;9.1.1 Mechanical Methods of Fragmentation;213
12.1.2;9.1.2 Electrohydraulic (Electro explosive) Method of Fragmentation;214
12.2;9.2 Electrodischarge Method of Fragmentation of a Concrete Filler;216
12.2.1;9.2.1 Fragmentation Plant;217
12.2.2;9.2.2 Specific Energy Consumed for Fragmentation;219
12.2.3;9.2.3 Granulometric Characteristics of Products;222
12.2.4;9.2.4 Physical and Technical Characteristics of a Crushed Concrete Filler;224
12.3;9.3 Extraction of Coarse Filler from Concrete;227
12.4;9.4 Properties of Concrete with Crushed Stone Filler from Recyclable Reinforced Concrete;234
12.5;References;238
13;10 Breaking and Cutting of Rocks and Concretes;239
13.1;10.1 Breaking of Rocks and Concretes;239
13.1.1;10.1.1 Breaking with Superimposed Electrodes;241
13.1.2;10.1.2 Breaking Using Blast Holes;242
13.2;10.2 Cutting;244
13.2.1;10.2.1 Cutting with a Cyclically Movable Electrode System;244
13.2.2;10.2.2 Cutting with a Continuously Movable Electrode System;245
13.3;References;252
14;Conclusion;254
14.1;Conclusion;255
15;Appendix A: Photographs of Installations for RCP Destruction;255
16;Appendix B: Photographs of Some RCPs in Different Destruction Stages;259
17;Bibliography;267

Relevance, physical basis, and problems of large-scale introduction of electro-discharge technology (EDT).- Impulse electrical strength of rocks and concretes.- Liquids used as insulation and a working medium in EDT.- Discharge channel as a “working tool” in EDT.- Regularities of rock destruction in the process of ED-drilling of wells.- Insulating structure in EDT installations.- Drilling of wells.- Destruction and recycling of reinforced concrete products.- Fragmentation of the filler – the final stage of preparation of  reinforced concrete products for utilization.- Breaking and cutting of rocks and concretes.

Über Autor(innen)

Associate Professor Vladislav F. Vajov graduated from the Tomsk Polytechnic Institute (now the Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU)) in 1963. He subsequently received his Ph.D. and Doctor of Science degree from the same university in 1974 and 2015, respectively. His doctoral dissertation explored the technological fundamentals of electric impulse drilling and cutting of rocks. Since 1963, he has worked at the High Voltage Research Institute (now the Engineering School of New Production Technologies). Having participated in virtually all field tests of electro-discharge drilling installations over the years, he is also the author of more than 100 scientific publications and holds 29 certificates and patents. Professor Vasily Ya. Ushakov graduated from Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) in 1962, and received his Ph.D. and Doctor of Science degree from the same university in 1965 and 1973, respectively. Ushakov is a well-known expert on high-voltage engineering, particularlyin the area of electric breakdown of condensed media, insulation of pulsed power equipment, and electro-discharge technology. He has published over 250 scientific articles, 25 monographs and textbooks, and holds 38 invention certificates and patents. From 1974 to 1981, he was head of the high-voltage department; from 1979 to 1992 he was Director of the High-Voltage Research Institute; and from 1992 to 2001 he was the Vice-Rector for Research (all at the TPU). Since 2001, he has led the TPU’s Resources Saving Centre.Candidate of Technical Sciences Nikolai T. Zinoviev graduated from the TPU in 1973 and received his Ph.D. degree in 1980. The topic of his thesis was “Investigation of the energy characteristics of the spark channel in order to optimize the devices of electro-pulse technology.” In subsequent years, he continued to work on the same problem as a senior research fellow and head of the laboratory “Physics of Electro-Impulse Processes” at the Engineering School of New Production Technologies (1984–2010). Under his leadership, full-scale installations for the demolition of sub-standard reinforced concrete products were manufactured, tested and supplied to Russian and foreign customers (Kazakhstan – 1992, Japan – 1995, Germany – 1997, and Armenia – 1998). He has published one monograph and 20 scientific articles on this topic, and holds more than 30 certificates and patents.