Vasilakos / Zhang / Spyropoulos Delay Tolerant Networks

Protocols and Applications
Erscheinungsjahr 2012
ISBN: 978-1-4665-1301-3
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 362 Seiten

Reihe: Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications

A class of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN), which may violate one or more of the assumptions regarding the overall performance characteristics of the underlying links in order to achieve smooth operation, is rapidly growing in importance but may not be well served by the current end-to-end TCP/IP model. Delay Tolerant Networks: Protocols and Applications takes you on a systematic exploration of DTN concepts, architectures, protocols, enabling technologies, and applications.

Containing a wealth of illustrative material for ease of understanding, this one-stop reference discusses the various challenges associated with DTN. Written for a broad audience of researchers and practitioners, it supplies useful reference material for graduate students and senior undergraduate students in courses of networking, wireless, and mobile communications. Starting with an accessible introduction to DTNs, their architecture, bundle protocols, and routing schemes, the book provides authoritative coverage of:

- DTN Routing

- Energy-Aware Routing Protocol for DTNs

- A Routing-Compatible Credit-Based Incentive Scheme

- R-P2P: a Data-Centric Middleware for Delay Tolerant Applications

- Mobile Peer-to-Peer Systems over DTNs

- Delay-Tolerant Monitoring of Mobility-Assisted WSN

- Message Dissemination in Vehicular Networks

- DTN Protocols for Space Communications

- DTN for Satellite Communications

Reporting on the latest developments in these domains, the distinguished panel of contributors supplies a realistic look into the future of networking. Complete with sections that summarize open issues in each domain, this book arms you with the understanding and methods required to make an impact on the advancement of these emerging networks that continue to grow in importance.

Zielgruppe

Researchers, practitioners, graduate students, and senior undergraduate students in networking and wireless and mobile communications.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Vasilakos, Athanasios V.

Zhang, Yan

Spyropoulos, Thrasyvoulos

Fachgebiete

• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Computerkommunikation & -vernetzung Netzwerkprotokolle
• Technische Wissenschaften Elektronik | Nachrichtentechnik Nachrichten- und Kommunikationstechnik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Delay Tolerant Networking
Introduction
History of Delay Tolerant Networking
A Delay Tolerant Network
Requirements on DTNs
The Architecture
Overlay Architecture
Store and Forward Message Switching
Routing and Forwarding
Fragmentation and Reassembly
Custody Transfer
The Bundle Protocol
Bundle Service
Bundle Format
Bundle Processing
Routing Schemes in DTNs
Routing Considerations
Classification of Routing Schemes
Replication-Based Routing
Open Issues in Delay-Tolerant Networking
Routing
Custody and Congestion
Security

DTN Routing: Taxonomy and Design
Introduction
Routing in Intermittently Connected Networks
Routing as Opportunistic Forwarding
Message Replication
Message Forwarding
Message Coding
DTN Routing as Resource Allocation
DTN Routing Utility Functions
Destination Dependent (DD) Utility
Destination Independent (DI) Utility
Additional Considerations
Examples of DTN Routing Protocols
A Taxonomy of DTNs
Connectivity
Mobility
Node Resources
Application Requirements
DTN Routing Design Guidelines
Case Studies
Pocket Switched Networks
Metropolitan Networks with Heterogeneous Nodes
Applications with Priorities

Energy-Aware Routing Protocol for Delay Tolerant Networks
Introduction
Routing in Sparse Networks
The Epidemic Routing Protocol for Delay Tolerant Network
The Properties of the Epidemic Routing Protocol
The Network Lifetime of the Epidemic Routing Protocol
The Analytical Model of the Epidemic Routing Protocol
The Statistics of Encounter Times
The Transitional Epidemic Routing Model
The Solution of the Epidemic Routing Model
The Restricted Epidemic Routing (RER) Protocols
The Exclusion (EX) Scheme
The Limited Time (LT) Scheme
The Limited Number of Copies (LC) Scheme
The Tradeoff Function of the Restricted Epidemic Routing
The Number of Copies and the Time Delay
Evaluation of the Tradeoff Function
The Network Lifetime of the RER Schemes
The Residual-Energy (RE) Scheme
The LC Scheme with Residual-Energy Information
Maximizing the Lifetime of the Delay Tolerant Networks
The Residual-Battery Information
The Comparison of Lifetime Performance
Summary and Concluding Remarks

A Routing-Compatible Credit-Based Incentive Scheme for DTNs
Introduction
Related Work
System Model and Design Goals
Network Model
Data Forwarding Strategy
Rewarding Model
Attack Model
Design Goals
The Proposed SMART Scheme
Pairing Technique
The Overview of SMART
The SMART Scheme
Efficiency Enhancement
Performance Evaluation
Cryptographic Overhead Evaluation
Simulation
Open Issues
Public Key Revocation in DTNs
Reputation Based Incentive Scheme
Conclusion

R-P2P: a Data-Centric Middleware for Delay Tolerant Applications
Application Scenario
Related Works
Novelty of the Proposed Architecture
Sketch of the System
Data Retrieval
Diffusion of Advertisements
Functional Blocks
User Nodes
Throwbox Nodes
System Dimensioning
RP2P Design Space
Application Requirements
System Dimensioning
Preliminary Implementation
U-Hopper: The Mobile Part of R-P2P
Throwboxes
Conclusions
Acknowledgments

Mobile Peer-to-Peer Systems over Delay Tolerant Networks
Introduction
Peer-to-Peer Overlay Networks
Overview
Structured Peer-to-Peer Overlay Networks
Unstructured Peer-to-Peer Overlay Networks
Delay Tolerant Networks
The Store-Carry-Forward Paradigm
MANETs as a Special Case of DTNs
Mobile Peer-to-Peer Overlay Networks For DTNs
Challenges
Unstructured Mobile Peer-to-Peer Overlay Networks
Structured Mobile Peer-to-Peer Overlay Networks
Summary and Open Problems
Conclusion

Delay-Tolerant Monitoring of Mobility-Assisted WSN
Introduction.
State of the Art
Node-Centric Delay-Critical Monitoring Techniques
Region-Centric Delay-Critical Monitoring Techniques
Mobility-Assisted Delay-Tolerant Monitoring Techniques
Our Contributions Compared to Existing Approaches
System Model
gMAP: Mobility-Assisted Monitoring Using Global Maps
Overview of Approach
Scenario Classification
Path Planning of ANs
Data Collection
eMap Construction
Evaluation
Path Planning Performance
Data Collection and Map Construction Performance
Comparison to Related Work
Conclusions
Open Issues

Message Dissemination in Vehicular Networks
Introduction
Characteristics of VANET
Network Characteristics
Innovative Applications
Low Cost Digital Connectivity in Rural Areas
Data Collection from Sensor Nodes
Cooperative Downloading
Miscellaneous Applications
Message Dissemination
MANET Forwarding Schemes and Their Limitations
Forwarding Schemes Suitable for VANET
Medium Access Control for VANET
Cooperative ARQ
802.11p MAC
Open Issues
Security Challenges
Acknowledgments
Addressing
Emerging New Application
Conclusion

Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) Protocols for Space Communications
Introduction
Space Communications and DTPs for Space/Interplanetary Internet
Overview of Space Communications
Performance Problems of TCP in Space
Data Transport Protocols for Space/Interplanetary Internet
DTN, BP, AND Convergence Layer Protocols
Overview of DTN
DTN for Space
Bundle Protocol (BP)
DTN Convergence Layer Protocol (CLP)
Recent Research and Experimental Activities on DTN for Space Communications
Summary
Open Issue
Acknowledgments

DTN and Satellite Communications
Introduction
Bundle Layer DTN Architecture Overview
End-to-End Reliability and Custody Transfer Option
DTN Concept Development
Satellite Channel Impairments and Possible Solutions
End-to-End TCP Enhancements and Other Transport Protocols Optimized for Satellite and Space Communications
Performance Enhancing Proxies (or "Protocol Accelerators")
The Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking Alternative
Testbed and Tools Used in Performance Evaluations
Performance Evaluation
Scenario 2: Satellite Systems with Random Intermittent Endto-End Connectivity
TCP Resilience to Disruption
Analysis of DTN Behavior in the Presence of Disruption
Performance Evaluation in a Realistic Case Study: Railway Satellite Communications
Scenarios 3 and 4
Scenario 3: Satellite Systems with Scheduled Intermittent End-to-End-Connectivity
Scenario 4: Satellite Systems without End-to-End Connectivity
Ongoing Research
NASA JPL October 2008 Experiments
DTN Application to a Military Heterogeneous Network
DTN Application to the UK-DMC LEO System
Conclusions

Über Autor(innen)

Dr. Athanasios Vasilakos is with the University of Western Macedonia, Greece.
Dr. Yan Zhang is with the Simula Research Laboratory, Norway.
Dr. Thrasyvoulos Spyropoulos is with ETH Zurich, Switzerland.