Zhirnov / Cavin III Microsystems for Bioelectronics

the Nanomorphic Cell
1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-1-4377-7841-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 204 Seiten

Reihe: Micro and Nano Technologies

Microsystems for Bioelectronics is the ultimate guide in the biomedical application industry. It provides a physics-based assessment of the limitless potential of miniaturization technologies. This book goes far beyond the complete design of the final systems. It also discusses the developments of computation and communication subsystems. The future of this technology lies in understanding the scaling limits for the individual systems. This includes all of its components and the fundamental energy source that powers all autonomous microsystems. Rapid advances in microfabrication technologies are offering new opportunities and capabilities to develop systems for biomedical applications. These applications include the diagnostics community and those that are active in therapy services. Microsystems for Bioelectronics is one of the only books on the market today that goes into the comprehensive treatment of integrated microsystems.

Victor Zhirnov is Chief Scientist at the Semiconductor Research Corporation. He is responsible for envisioning new long-term research directions in semiconductor information and communication technologies for industry and academia. His semiconductor experience spans over 30 years in the areas of materials, processes, device physics and fundamental limits. Victor served as the Chair for the Emerging Research Device (ERD) Working Group for the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) and for the 2030 Decadal Plan for Semiconductors. Currently, he is Chair of the Microelectronics and Advanced Packaging Technologies Roadmap. Victor received the M.S. in applied physics from the Ural Polytechnic Institute, Yekaterinburg, Russia, and the Ph.D. in solid state electronics and microelectronics from the Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, in 1989 and 1992, respectively.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Zhirnov, Victor V.

Cavin III, Ralph K.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Microsystems for Bioelectronics;4
3;Copyright;5
4;Contents;6
5;Preface;8
6;Acknowledgment;11
7;Chapter 1 The nanomorphic cell;12
7.1;1.1 Introduction;12
7.2;1.2 Electronic scaling;13
7.3;1.3 Nanomorphic cell;15
7.4;1.4 Current status of technologies for autonomous microsystems;20
7.5;1.5 Concluding remarks;22
7.6;References;23
8;Chapter 2 Energy in the small: Integrated micro-scale energy sources;26
8.1;2.1 Introduction;26
8.2;2.2 Electrochemical energy: Fundamentals of galvanic cells and supercapacitors;28
8.3;2.3 Energy from radioisotopes;39
8.4;2.4 Remarks on energy harvesting;44
8.5;2.5 Summary;54
8.6;Appendix: A kinetic model to assess the limits of heat removal;54
8.7;List of symbols;56
8.8;References;57
9;Chapter 3 Nanomorphic electronics;62
9.1;3.1 Introduction;63
9.2;3.2 Information and information processing;64
9.3;3.3 Basic physics of binary elements;66
9.4;3.4 System-level analysis;82
9.5;3.5 Summary;95
9.6;Appendix 1: Quantum confinement;96
9.7;Appendix 2: Derivation of electron travel time (Eq. 3.55);98
9.8;List of symbols;99
9.9;References;100
10;Chapter 4 Sensors at the micro-scale;102
10.1;4.1 Introduction;102
10.2;4.2 Sensor basics;103
10.3;4.3 Analog signal;104
10.4;4.4 Fundamental sensitivity limit of sensors: Thermal noise;107
10.5;4.5 What information can be obtained from cells?;111
10.6;4.6 Sensors of bioelectricity;113
10.7;4.7 Chemical and biochemical sensors;116
10.8;4.8 Thermal biosensors;120
10.9;4.9 Concluding remarks;127
10.10;Glossary of biological terms;128
10.11;List of symbols;129
10.12;References;130
11;Chapter 5 Nanomorphic cell communication unit;134
11.1;5.1 Introduction;134
11.2;5.2 Electromagnetic radiation;135
11.3;5.3 Basic RF communication system;135
11.4;5.4 EM Transducer: A linear antenna;138
11.5;5.5 Free-space single-photon limit for energy in EM communication;142
11.6;5.6 Thermal noise limit on communication spectrum;145
11.7;5.7 The THz communication option (. = 100 µm) ;147
11.8;5.8 Wireless communication for biomedical applications;150
11.9;5.9 Optical wavelength communication option .~1 µm);151
11.10;5.10 Status of µ-scaled LEDs and PDs;157
11.11;5.11 Concluding remarks;158
11.12;List of symbols;159
11.13;References;161
12;Chapter 6 Micron-sized systems: In carbo vs. in silico;164
12.1;6.1 Introduction;165
12.2;6.2 Information: A quantitative treatment;165
12.3;6.3 Abstract information processors;174
12.4;6.4 In silico and in carbo systems: A design perspective;176
12.5;6.5 In carbo long-term memory: Storing information in DNA;180
12.6;6.6 In carbo logic information procession;180
12.7;6.7 In carbo sensors;183
12.8;6.8 In carbo communication;184
12.9;6.9 In carbo energy source;187
12.10;6.10 Benchmark in carbo information processor;188
12.11;6.11 Summary;191
12.12;Appendix: Choice of probability values to maximize the entropy function;192
12.13;List of symbols;193
12.14;References;194
13;Concluding remarks;198
14;Index;202