Bailey Clays and Clay Minerals

Proceedings of the Fourteenth National Conference, Berkeley, California
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-6464-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 456 Seiten, Web PDF

Clays and Clay Minerals documents the proceedings of the 14th National Conference in Berkeley, California. This book focuses on the structure and quantitative analysis, surface reactivity, genesis, and synthesis of clays and clay minerals. Topics discussed include status of clay mineral structures; layer charge relations in clay minerals of micaceous soils and sediments; mechanical force fields in a clay mineral particle system; and kinetics of decomposition of cobalt coordination complexes on montmorillonite surfaces. The factors affecting the frequency distribution of clay minerals in soils; stability of brucite in the weathering zone of the new Idria serpentinite; and interrelationships of physical and chemical properties of kaolinites are also elaborated in this publication. This compilation is beneficial to students and researchers conducting work on clay mineral studies.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Bailey, S. W.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Clays and Clay Minerals;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;PART 1: SYMPOSIUM ON STRUCTURE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS;8
5.1;CHAPTER 1. THE STATUS OF CLAY MINERAL STRUCTURES;10
5.1.1;ABSTRACT;10
5.1.2;INTRODUCTION;10
5.1.3;OCTAHEDRAL CATION ORDERING;12
5.1.4;OCTAHEDRAL SHEET CONFIGURATION;13
5.1.5;ARTICULATION OF OCTAHEDRAL AND TETRAHEDRAL SHEETS;18
5.1.6;TETRAHEDRAL CATION ORDER;24
5.1.7;POLYTYPE STABILITIES;28
5.1.8;REFERENCES;31
5.2;CHAPTER 2. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CLAY MINERALS;34
5.2.1;ABSTRACT;34
5.3;CHAPTER 3. DISCUSSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING THE NOMENCLATURE OF CLAY MINERALS AND RELATED PHYLLOSILICATES
;36
5.3.1;ABSTRACT;36
5.3.2;INTRODUCTION;36
5.3.3;WORK OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY, NOMENCLATURE COMMITTEE, 1962–63
;37
5.3.4;DISCUSSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE NOMENCLATURE COMMITTEE OF C.I.P.E.A.;38
5.3.5;MEMORANDUM FROM THE C.I.P.E.A. NOMENCLATURE COMMITTEE TO THE NOMENCLATURE COMMITTEE OF I.M.A., DECEMBER, 1964
;39
5.3.6;COMMENTS BY THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY NOMENCLATURE COMMITTEE ON THE C.I.P.E.A. PROPOSAL;41
5.3.7;CONCLUDING REMARKS;42
5.3.8;REFERENCES;43
5.4;CHAPTER 4. QUANTITATIVE CLAY MINERALOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
;44
5.4.1;ABSTRACT;44
5.4.2;INTRODUCTION;44
5.4.3;MATERIALS;45
5.4.4;PROCEDURES;45
5.4.5;CONSTANCY OF SUM OF MICA AND ITS WEATHERING PRODUCTS
;58
5.4.6;REFERENCES;60
5.5;CHAPTER 5. LAYER CHARGE RELATIONS IN CLAY MINERALS OF MICACEOUS SOILS AND SEDIMENTS;62
5.5.1;ABSTRACT;62
5.5.2;INTRODUCTION;62
5.5.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;63
5.5.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;64
5.5.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;76
5.5.6;REFERENCES;76
5.6;CHAPTER 6. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF INTERLAYER POTASSIUM IN MICAS TO EXCHANGE WITH SODIUM
;78
5.6.1;ABSTRACT;78
5.6.2;INTRODUCTION;78
5.6.3;MATERIALS;79
5.6.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;80
5.6.5;CONCLUSIONS;88
5.6.6;REFERENCES;89
5.7;CHAPTER 7. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF KAOLINITE AND GIBBSITE IN SOILS BY DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL AND SELECTIVE DISSOLUTION METHODS;92
5.7.1;ABSTRACT;92
5.7.2;INTRODUCTION;92
5.7.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;92
5.7.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;94
5.7.5;REFERENCES;98
5.8;CHAPTER 8. CONCENTRATION OF DIOCTAHEDRAL MICA AND VERMICULITE USING A FLUORIDE SOLUTION;100
5.8.1;ABSTRACT;100
5.8.2;INTRODUCTION;100
5.8.3;METHODS AND MATERIALS;101
5.8.4;RESULTS;102
5.8.5;DISCUSSION;105
5.8.6;REFERENCES;107
6;PART 2: SYMPOSIUM ON SURFACE REACTIVITY;108
6.1;CHAPTER 9. PARALLEL PLATE INTERACTION IN CLAY-WATER SYSTEMS;110
6.1.1;ABSTRACT;110
6.2;CHAPTER 10. MECHANICAL FOECE FIELDS IN A CLAY MINERAL PAETICLE SYSTEM
;112
6.2.1;ABSTRACT;112
6.2.2;INTRODUCTION;112
6.2.3;THE POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION IN THE CELL;114
6.2.4;THE INTERNAL EQUILIBRIUM OF A CELL;114
6.2.5;LIQUID PRESSURES INDUCED BY STRUCTURAL DEFORMATIONS;118
6.2.6;DISCUSSION;119
6.2.7;CONCLUSIONS;120
6.2.8;REFERENCES;121
6.2.9;APPENDIX: THE POTENTIAL FIELD
;121
6.2.10;THE PRESSURE ON THE PLATE;122
6.3;CHAPTER 11. ELECTROSTATIC FORCES BETWEEN CLAY AND CATIONS AS CALCULATED AND INFERRED FROM ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
;126
6.3.1;ABSTRACT;126
6.3.2;INTRODUCTION;126
6.3.3;THEORY;128
6.3.4;EXPERIMENTAL METHODS;129
6.3.5;EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS;130
6.3.6;DISCUSSION;134
6.3.7;NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS;136
6.3.8;APPLICATION;140
6.3.9;REFERENCES;140
6.4;CHAPTER 12. EQUILIBRIUM THEORY OF THE KAOLINITE–WATER SYSTEM AT LOW MOISTURE CONTENTS, WITH SOME REMARKS CONCERNING ADSORPTION HYSTERESIS
;142
6.4.1;ABSTRACT;142
6.4.2;INTRODUCTION;142
6.4.3;THEORY OF EXCHANGEABLE CATION HYDRATION;143
6.4.4;THEORY OF MINERAL SURFACE HYDRATION;149
6.4.5;APPLICATION OF THE THEORY TO THE KAOLINITE-WATER SYSTEM;152
6.4.6;CONCLUSIONS;155
6.4.7;REFERENCES;156
6.5;CHAPTER 13. GEOMETRY EFFECTS FOR SPECIFIC ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCE IN CLAYS AND SOILS;158
6.5.1;ABSTRACT;158
6.5.2;INTRODUCTION;158
6.5.3;THEORETICAL;159
6.5.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;163
6.5.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;163
6.5.6;TWO COMPONENT SYSTEMS;166
6.5.7;GEOMETRY EFFECTS IN SOILS;169
6.5.8;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;170
6.5.9;REFERENCES;170
6.6;CHAPTER 14. KINETICS OF DECOMPOSITION OF COBALT COORDINATION COMPLEXES ON MONTMORILLONITE SURFACES;172
6.6.1;ABSTRACT;172
6.6.2;INTRODUCTION;172
6.6.3;PROCEDURES;174
6.6.4;EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS;175
6.6.5;DISCUSSION;185
6.6.6;REFERENCES;187
6.7;CHAPTER 15. INFRAEED STUDY OF THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF AMMONIUM RECTORITE*;190
6.7.1;ABSTRACT;190
6.7.2;INTRODUCTION;190
6.7.3;MATERIALS AND METHODS;190
6.7.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;191
6.7.5;REFERENCES;200
6.8;CHAPTER 15. KINETICS OF KEACTIONS IN THE CONVERSION OF Na- OR Ca-SATURATED CLAY TO H–Al CLAY
;202
6.8.1;ABSTRACT;202
6.8.2;INTRODUCTION;202
6.8.3;EXPERIMENTAL;203
6.8.4;RESULTS;204
6.8.5;DISCUSSION;210
6.8.6;CONCLUSIONS;212
6.8.7;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;212
6.8.8;REFERENCES;213
7;PART 3: SYMPOSIUM ON GENESIS AND SYNTHESIS OF CLAYS;214
7.1;CHAPTER 16. FACTORS AFFECTING THE FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF CLAY MINERALS IN SOILS;216
7.1.1;ABSTRACT;216
7.2;CHAPTER 17. QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF CLAY MINERALS IN SOME RECENT MARINE SEDIMENTS AND SEDIMENTARY ROCKS FROM JAPAN;218
7.2.1;ABSTRACT;218
7.2.2;INTRODUCTION;218
7.2.3;MATERIAL AND METHOD;219
7.2.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;220
7.2.5;CONCLUSIONS;229
7.2.6;REFERENCES;229
7.3;CHAPTER 18. CLAY MINERALS IN RECENT SEDIMENTS OF THE NIGER DELTA;232
7.3.1;ABSTRACT;232
7.3.2;INTRODUCTION;232
7.3.3;X-RAY METHODS;233
7.3.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;234
7.3.5;REFERENCES;247
7.4;CHAPTER 19. CLAY MINERAL FORMATION IN SEA WATER BY SUBMARINE WEATHERING OF K-FELDSPAR;250
7.4.1;ABSTRACT;250
7.4.2;INTRODUCTION;250
7.4.3;FIELD WORK;251
7.4.4;LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS;256
7.4.5;GEOLOGIC EVIDENCE FOR SUBMARINE WEATHERING;258
7.4.6;CONCLUSIONS;259
7.4.7;REFERENCES;259
7.5;CHAPTER 20. ALTERATION AND FORMATION OF CLAY MINERALS DURING CAT CLAY DEVELOPMENT;260
7.5.1;ABSTRACT;260
7.5.2;INTRODUCTION;260
7.5.3;REDUCED TIDELAND SEDIMENTS;261
7.5.4;CHANGES IN CLAY MINERALS UPON OXIDATION;263
7.5.5;CLAY MINERAL CHANGES DURING REDUCTION;264
7.5.6;DISCUSSION;267
7.5.7;SUMMARY;267
7.5.8;REFERENCE;267
7.6;CHAPTER 21. THE STABILITY OF BRUCITE IN THE WEATHERING ZONE OF THE NEW IDRIA SERPENTINITE;268
7.6.1;ABSTRACT;268
7.6.2;INTRODUCTION;268
7.6.3;EXPERIMENTAL;269
7.6.4;OCCURRENCE OF BRUCITE IN THE FRESH SERPENTINITE;269
7.6.5;MINERALOGY OF THE SURFACE WEATHERING ZONE;270
7.6.6;LABORATORY STUDIES;274
7.6.7;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS;277
7.6.8;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;278
7.6.9;REFERENCES;278
7.7;CHAPTER 22. GENESIS OF REFRACTORY CLAY NEAR GUANAJUATO, MEXICO
;280
7.7.1;ABSTRACT;280
7.7.2;INTRODUCTION;280
7.7.3;GENERAL GEOLOGY OF THE DISTRICT;281
7.7.4;ARGILLATION OF THE SCHIST;281
7.7.5;CHEMICAL CHANGES DURING ARGILLATION;287
7.7.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;288
7.7.7;REFERENCES;288
8;PART 4: GENERAL;290
8.1;CHAPTER 23. QUANTITATIVE FABRIC OF WET KAOLINITE;292
8.1.1;ABSTRACT;292
8.1.2;INTRODUCTION;292
8.1.3;PROCEDURE;293
8.1.4;VERIFICATION OF PROCEDURE;296
8.1.5;DISCUSSION;307
8.1.6;REFERENCES;307
8.2;CHAPTER 24. THE FABRIC OF MECHANICALLY COMPACTED KAOLIN;310
8.2.1;ABSTRACT;310
8.2.2;INTRODUCTION;310
8.2.3;SCOPE;312
8.2.4;INVESTIGATION;312
8.2.5;RESULTS;313
8.2.6;CONCLUSIONS;319
8.2.7;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;320
8.2.8;REFERENCES;320
8.3;CHAPTER 25. THE FABRIC OF SOIL-CEMENT AND ITS FORMATION;322
8.3.1;ABSTRACT;322
8.3.2;INTRODUCTION;322
8.3.3;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;323
8.3.4;METHODS;323
8.3.5;RESULTS;326
8.3.6;DISCUSSION;328
8.3.7;SUMMARY;344
8.3.8;REFERENCES;344
8.4;CHAPTER 26. SUCTION RESPONSES DUE TO HOMOGENEOUS SHEAR OF DILUTE MONTMORILLONITE–WATER PASTES
;346
8.4.1;ABSTRACT;346
8.4.2;INTRODUCTION;346
8.4.3;THEORY;347
8.4.4;APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE;349
8.4.5;RESULTS;351
8.4.6;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION;353
8.4.7;REFERENCES;355
8.5;CHAPTER 27. STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF PARTICLE SIZE AND SHAPE IN THE GEORGIA KAOLINS;356
8.5.1;ABSTRACT;356
8.5.2;INTRODUCTION;356
8.5.3;EXPERIMENTAL;357
8.5.4;GENERAL SURVEY;357
8.5.5;SELECT FIELD DISTRIBUTIONS;359
8.5.6;STUDY OF STACK COMPONENTS;361
8.5.7;CLEAVAGE ENERGY;365
8.5.8;STACK GENESIS;368
8.5.9;CONCLUSIONS;370
8.5.10;REFERENCES;371
8.6;CHAPTER 28. INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF KAOLINITES;372
8.6.1;ABSTRACT;372
8.6.2;INTRODUCTION;372
8.6.3;CHOICE AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MATERIALS;373
8.6.4;METHODS OF ANALYSIS;375
8.6.5;EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS;376
8.6.6;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;384
8.6.7;REFERENCES;385
8.7;CHAPTER 29. RELATION OF VISCOSITY OF KAOLIN-WATER SUSPENSIONS TO MONTMORILLONITE CONTENT OF CERTAIN GEORGIA CLAYS;388
8.7.1;ABSTRACT;388
8.7.2;INTRODUCTION;388
8.7.3;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;389
8.7.4;RELATIONSHIP OF MONTMORILLONITE CONTENT OF KAOLIN CLAYS TO BROOKFIELD VISCOSITY AT 50% SOLIDS;389
8.7.5;VISCOSITY TESTS;389
8.7.6;MONTMORILLONITE DETERMINATIONS;389
8.7.7;CORRELATION OF MONTMORILLONITE CONTENT AND VISCOSITY;390
8.7.8;LACK OF CORRELATION OF MONTMORILLONITE CONTENT WITH PARTICLE SIZE OF KAOLIN;391
8.7.9;EFFECT OF ADDING CRUDE MONTMORILLONITE TO KAOLIN;393
8.7.10;RELATION OF MONTMORILLONITE CONTENT AND CALCIUM CONTENT;394
8.7.11;SUMMARY;394
8.7.12;REFERENCES;395
8.8;CHAPTER 30. FORMATION DAMAGE IN SANDSTONES CAUSED BY CLAY DISPERSION AND MIGRATION;396
8.8.1;ABSTRACT;396
8.8.2;INTRODUCTION;396
8.8.3;EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM;397
8.8.4;RESULTS;400
8.8.5;INTERPRETATION;407
8.8.6;CONCLUSIONS;408
8.8.7;REFERENCES;408
8.9;CHAPTER 31. LOW-FREQUENCY (OH)- MOTIONS IN LAYER SILICATE MINERALS;410
8.9.1;ABSTRACT;410
8.9.2;INTRODUCTION;410
8.9.3;EXPERIMENTAL METHOD;411
8.9.4;EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS;412
8.9.5;DISCUSSION;422
8.9.6;CONCLUSIONS;425
8.9.7;REFERENCES;426
8.10;CHAPTER 32. INFRAEED ANALYSIS OF THE ORIENTATION OF PYRIDINE MOLECULES IN CLAY COMPLEXES;428
8.10.1;ABSTRACT;428
8.10.2;INTRODUCTION;428
8.10.3;RESULTS;429
8.10.4;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;434
8.10.5;REFERENCES;434
8.11;CHAPTER 33. COLLAPSE OF POTASSIUM MONTMOEILLONITE CLAYS UPON HEATING—"POTASSIUM FIXATION";436
8.11.1;ABSTRACT;436
8.11.2;INTRODUCTION;436
8.11.3;COLLAPSE OF POTASSIUM FRENCH BENTONITE UPON HEATING;438
8.11.4;COLLAPSE OF POTASSIUM WYOMING BENTONITE;441
8.11.5;COLLAPSE OF POTASSIUM NONTRONITE;442
8.11.6;COLLAPSE OF POTASSIUM VERMICULITE;445
8.11.7;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;447
8.11.8;REFERENCES;448
8.12;CHAPTER 34. SEPARATION OF SWELLING CLAY MINERALS BY A CENTRIFUGAL METHOD;450
8.12.1;ABSTRACT;450
8.12.2;INTRODUCTION;450
8.12.3;PROCEDURE;454
8.12.4;DISCUSSION;458
8.12.5;CONCLUSIONS;460
8.12.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;461
8.12.7;REFERENCES;461
9;INDEX;462
10;OTHER TITLES IN THIS SERIES;488
11;REVIEWS;490