Bogousslavsky Following Charcot: A Forgotten History of Neurology and Psychiatry

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-8055-9557-5
Verlag: S. Karger
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 29, 220 Seiten

Reihe: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience

Jean-Martin Charcot, the iconic 19th century French scientist, is still regarded today as the most famous and celebrated neurologist in the world. Despite the development of strong independent schools of thought in the USA, UK and Germany, his 'Salpêtrière' school has become symbolic of the early development and rise of neurological practice and research. This book presents a fresh look at the origins of nervous system medicine, and at the fate of Charcot's school and pupils. Special emphasis is placed upon the parallels and interactions between developments in neurology and mental medicine, clearly demonstrating that Charcot is not only the father of clinical neurology, but also wielded enormous influence upon the field we would come to know as psychiatry.Providing new insights into the life and work of Charcot and his pupils, this book will make fascinating reading for neurologists, psychiatrists, physicians and historians.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Bogousslavsky, J.

Bogousslavsky

Weitere Mitwirkende

Bogousslavsky

Fachgebiete

• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizin, Gesundheitswesen Geschichte der Medizin
• Sozialwissenschaften Psychologie Psychologie / Allgemeines & Theorie Geschichte der Psychologie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizinische Fachgebiete Psychiatrie, Sozialpsychiatrie, Suchttherapie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Klinische und Innere Medizin Neurologie, Klinische Neurowissenschaft

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2;Contents;7
3;List of Contributors;9
4;Foreword;11
5;Preface;12
6;Birth of Modern Psychiatry and the Death of Alienism: The Legacy of Jean-Martin Charcot;13
6.1;Abstract;13
6.2;Role of Hysteria in the Birth of Neurology at La Salpêtrière;14
6.3;Critical Influence of Emerging Neurology in the Birth of Modern Psychiatry;15
6.4;Neuropsychiatrists;17
6.5;Concluding Remarks;19
6.6;References;20
7;Jean-Martin Charcot’s House Officers at La Salpêtrière Hospital;21
7.1;Abstract;21
7.2;Henri Soulier and Victor Cornil;24
7.3;Charles Bouchard and Jules Cotard;25
7.4;Raphael Lépine;28
7.5;Albert Gombault;29
7.6;Georges Debove;30
7.7;Antoine-Auguste Pierret;32
7.8;Albert Pitres (1848–1928);34
7.9;Paul Oulmont;35
7.10;The Glory Years;36
7.11;Georges Guinon;37
7.12;Paul-Adrien Berbez;38
7.13;Paul-Oscar Blocq (1860–1896);39
7.14;Ernest Huet;40
7.15;Adolphe Dutil;41
7.16;Emile Parmentier;41
7.17;Jean-Baptiste Charcot, Louis Hallion and Jean-Félix Guyon;42
7.18;Henri Lamy;42
7.19;Achille Souques;43
7.20;Acknowledgments;45
7.21;Appendix;45
7.22;References;46
8;The Chair of Mental and Brain Diseases: Charcot’s Pupils – Benjamin Ball, Alix Joffroy and Gilbert Ballet;48
8.1;Abstract;48
8.2;From the Creation of the Chair for Mental Illness to the Creation of the Chair for Mental Illness and Encephalon;50
8.3;Neuropathology of Cerebral Pathologies across the Works of Ball, Joffroy and Ballet;53
8.4;From Neurological Pathology to Mental Pathology;56
8.5;Beyond the Anatomical-Clinical Method;59
8.6;Creation of a Magazine and Societies;59
8.7;Conclusion;60
8.8;References;61
9;Édouard Brissaud, Fulgence Raymond and the Succession of Charcot;64
9.1;Abstract;64
9.2;Could the ‘Caesar of Neurology’ Be Replaced?;65
9.3;Brissaud, the Temporary Successor;65
9.4;Candidates That Never Were;67
9.5;Choice of a Permanent Successor;68
9.6;Raymond, the Atypical Successor;70
9.7;Acknowledgments;71
9.8;References;72
10;Great Careers: Cornil, Bouchard, Bourneville and Proust;73
10.1;Abstract;73
10.2;Victor André Cornil (1837–1908);74
10.3;Charles-Joseph Bouchard (1837–1915);75
10.4;Desiré-Magloire Bourneville (1840–1909);77
10.5;Achille Adrien Proust (1834–1903);79
10.6;Conclusions;81
10.7;References;81
11;Keeping the Fire Burning: Georges Gilles de la Tourette, Paul Richer, Charles Féré and Alfred Binet;83
11.1;Abstract;83
11.2;Georges Gilles de la Tourette;84
11.3;Paul Richer;90
11.4;Charles Féré;94
11.5;Alfred Binet;98
11.6;References;101
12;Renewing the Fire: Joseph Ba;103
12.1;Abstract;103
12.2;Babinski’s Career;103
12.3;Babinski’s Scientific Work;105
12.4;Joseph Babinski’s Personality;113
12.5;Acknowledgments;114
12.6;References;114
13;Paul Sollier: The First Clinical Neuropsychologist;117
13.1;Abstract;117
13.2;Who was Paul Sollier?;117
13.3;Sollier’s Work on Memory;121
13.4;Involuntary Memory;122
13.5;Marcel Proust’s Treatment with Sollier;123
13.6;In Search of Lost Time: In Search of the Lost Neuropsychologist;124
13.7;References;125
14;Pierre Janet, Sigmund Freud and Charcot’s Psychological and Psychiatric Legacy;127
14.1;Abstract;127
14.2;References;135
15;Jules Bernard Luys in Charcot’s Penumbra;137
15.1;Abstract;137
15.2;A Short Biography;138
15.3;Contributions to Human Brain Anatomy;140
15.4;The Minefield of Hypnosis and Hysteria;142
15.5;Concluding Remarks;146
15.6;References;147
16;Hysteria after Charcot: Back to the Future;149
16.1;Abstract;149
16.2;Background in the 19th Century;150
16.3;Charcot’s Hysteria, and the ‘Guardians of the Temple’ Paul Richer and Georges Gilles de la Tourette;151
16.4;Other Trends in Hysteria during Charcot’s Time: The Desert of Alienism;156
16.5;Pierre Janet and the ‘Subconscious Fixed Ideas’ of Hysteria;157
16.6;Rise of Sigmund Freud and Conversion Hysteria;159
16.7;Joseph Babinski, Pithiatism, and the Quarrel of Hysteria;163
16.8;Hysteria during World War I;166
16.9;Did Hysteria Disappear?;168
16.10;Epilogue: Back to Charcot!;169
16.11;References;171
17;Jules Joseph Déjerine versus Pierre Marie;174
17.1;Abstract;174
17.2;Jules Joseph Déjerine (1849–1917);174
17.3;Pierre Marie (1853–1940);177
17.4;Controversy between Pierre Marie and Jules Déjerine over the Localization of Language Functions in the Human Brain;179
17.5;References;180
18;Neurology Outside Paris following Charcot;182
18.1;Abstract;182
18.2;Bordeaux;184
18.3;Lille;186
18.4;Lyon;187
18.5;Marseille;191
18.6;Montpellier;191
18.7;Strasbourg – Nancy;192
18.8;Toulouse;195
18.9;Elsewhere in France;196
18.10;Acknowledgments;197
18.11;References;197
19;Birth and Death of Charcot’s Scientific Journals;199
19.1;Abstract;199
19.2;Journals Co-Founded by Charcot;200
19.3;Journals Founded under Charcot’s Direction;204
19.4;Journals Founded by Charcot’s Followers with His Blessing;209
19.5;Another Journal Founded by Maurice Mendelssohn and Charles Richet, Les Archives Slaves de Biologie (1886–1887);211
19.6;Acknowledgments;212
19.7;References;212
20;Author Index;214
21;Subject Index;215