Braun Simple Methods for Identification of Plastics

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-56990-542-5
Verlag: Hanser Publications
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Deutsch, 140 Seiten

Processors and users of plastics often need to determine the chemical nature of a plastics specimen. This highly practical and useful manual, now in a fifth revised and supplemented edition, will enable you to determine the class of plastic of a particular specimen. No extensive knowledge of chemistry is required and yet it is more complex than a simple tabular compilation. This manual is a handy and highly effective tool for many practical situations. An additional supplement is a chapter that shows strategies for identifying historical plastic objects; this is of particular interest for assemblers and collectors, and conservators.

Prof. Dr. Dietrich Braun was the director of the plastics institute (Deutschen Kunststoff-Instituts (DKI)) in Darmstadt until 2000. He is also the author of many reference books and textbooks. For years, Dr. Braun has chaired workshops in plastics technology for business people as well as for first-time users, which is the basis for this book.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Braun, Dietrich

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;8
3;1 Plastics and Their Characteristics;12
4;2 General Introduction to the Analysis of Plastics;26
4.1;2.1 Analytical Procedure;26
4.2;2.2 Sample Preparation;27
5;3 Screening Tests;30
5.1;3.1 Solubility;30
5.2;3.2 Density;33
5.3;3.3 Behavior on Heating;36
5.3.1;3.3.1 Pyrolysis Tests;38
5.3.2;3.3.2 Flame Test;39
5.3.3;3.3.3 Melting Behavior;41
6;4 Testing for Heteroatoms;48
7;5 Analytical Procedures;54
7.1;5.1 Analysis by Groups;55
8;6 Specific Identification Tests;60
8.1;6.1 General Identification Reactions;60
8.1.1;6.1.1 Liebermann-Storch-Morawski Reaction;60
8.1.2;6.1.2 Color Reaction with p-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde;60
8.1.3;6.1.3 The Gibbs Indophenol Test;61
8.1.4;6.1.4 Formaldehyde Test;61
8.2;6.2 Specific Plastics;62
8.2.1;6.2.1 Polyolefins;62
8.2.2;6.2.2 Polystyrene;63
8.2.3;6.2.3 Polymethyl Methacrylate;63
8.2.4;6.2.4 Polyacrylonitrile;64
8.2.5;6.2.5 Polyvinyl Acetate;65
8.2.6;6.2.6 Polyvinyl Alcohol;66
8.2.7;6.2.7 Polymers Containing Chlorine;66
8.2.8;6.2.8 Polyoxymethylene;68
8.2.9;6.2.9 Polycarbonates;68
8.2.10;6.2.10 Polyamides;68
8.2.11;6.2.11 Polyurethanes;70
8.2.12;6.2.12 Phenolics;70
8.2.13;6.2.13 Aminoplastics;71
8.2.14;6.2.14 Epoxy Resins;72
8.2.15;6.2.15 Polyesters;73
8.2.16;6.2.16 Cellulose Derivatives;74
8.2.17;6.2.17 Silicones;75
8.2.18;6.2.18 Rubberlike Plastics;75
8.2.19;6.2.19 High Temperature-Resistant (HT) Thermoplastics;77
8.2.20;6.2.20 Fibers;80
8.3;6.3 Polymer Blends;80
8.4;6.4 Detection of Metals in Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC);83
9;7 Identification of Historic Plastic Objects;86
9.1;7.1 General;87
9.1.1;7.1.1 Dating;87
9.1.2;7.1.2 Visual Appearance;87
9.1.2.1;7.1.2.1 Transparency;88
9.1.2.2;7.1.2.2 Hardness;89
9.1.2.3;7.1.2.3 Odor;89
9.1.2.4;7.1.2.4 Density;89
9.1.2.5;7.1.2.5 How to Distinguish Between Thermoplastics and Duroplastics;89
9.1.2.6;7.1.2.6 Material Behavior on Heating;90
9.2;7.2 A Few Simple Chemical Tests to Identify Early Plastic Articles;92
9.2.1;7.2.1 Protein Derivatives;92
9.2.2;7.2.2 Natural Resins;93
10;8 Advanced Analytical Methods;96
10.1;8.1 Overview;96
10.2;8.2 Infrared Spectroscopy;98
10.3;8.3 IR-Spectra;102
11;9 Appendix;114
11.1;9.1 Plastics Identification Table;114
11.2;9.2 Chemicals;123
11.2.1;9.2.1 Acids and Bases;123
11.2.2;9.2.2 Inorganic Chemicals;125
11.2.3;9.2.3 Organic Solvents;126
11.2.4;9.2.4 Organic Reagents;127
11.2.5;9.2.5 Miscellaneous;128
11.3;9.3 Laboratory Aids and Equipment;128
11.3.1;9.3.1 Basic Equipment;129
11.3.2;9.3.2 Optional Equipment;130
11.4;9.4 Selected Polymer Acronyms;130
12;10 Literature;134
13;Index;136

Leseproben

- Plastics and their Characteristics
- General Introduction to the Analysis of Plastics
- Screening Tests
- Testing for Heteroatoms
- Analytical Procedures
- Specific Identification Tests
- References of Historic Plastic Obje

- Plastics and their Characteristics
- General Introduction to the Analysis of Plastics
- Screening Tests
- Testing for Heteroatoms
- Analytical Procedures
- Specific Identification Tests
- References of Historic Plastic Objects
- Advanced Analytical Methods
- Appendix

Über Autor(innen)

Prof. Dr. Dietrich Braun was the director of the plastics institute (Deutschen Kunststoff-Instituts (DKI)) in Darmstadt until 2000. He is also the author of many reference books and textbooks. For years, Dr. Braun has chaired workshops in plastics technology for business people as well as for first-time users, which is the basis for this book.