de La Puente / Boullart Real-Time Programming 1992

1. Auflage 2017
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9789-7
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 292 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: IFAC Postprint Volume

The 47 papers in this volume provide a useful reference tool for the state-of-the-art research in real-time programming.

Autoren/Hrsg.

de La Puente, J. A.

Boullart, L.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Real-Time Programming (WRTP'92)
;2
3;Copyright Page
;3
4;Table of Contents;6
5;IFAC Workshop on Real-Time Programming;4
6;CHAPTER 1. TIME CONCEPTS IN REAL-TIME SOFTWARE;10
6.1;Abstract;10
6.2;INTRODUCTION;10
6.3;SOME PRAGMATIC TERMS USED IN SOFTWARE PRACTICE;11
6.4;ABOUT PHILOSOPHY OF TIME;15
6.5;EXAMPLES OF USING DIFFERENT TIME CONCEPTS;16
6.6;MIXED USE OF MULTIPLE TIME CONCEPTS;17
6.7;CONCLUSIONS;17
6.8;REFERENCES;18
7;Chapter 2. A Temporal Logic Approach to State Reachability in Real-Time Program Synchronization and Verification;20
7.1;Abstract;20
7.2;Introduction;20
7.3;Temporal Logic Models for Real-Time Programs;21
7.4;Reachability and .—Algebras of TLM;22
7.5;Composition of TLMs for real-time programs;23
7.6;An Example;24
7.7;Conclusions;26
7.8;References;27
8;CHAPTER 3. ZAMAN, A SIMPLE LANGUAGE FOR EXPRESSING TIMING CONSTRAINTS;28
8.1;Abstract;28
8.2;Keywords;28
8.3;I. INTRODUCTION;28
8.4;II. PRELIMINARY WORK;29
8.5;III. THE APPROACH;29
8.6;IV. A TEMPORAL LANGUAGE;31
8.7;V. FURTHER WORK;32
8.8;VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS;33
8.9;REFERENCES;33
8.10;APPENDIX;33
9;Chapter 4. Reliability and Efficiency Aspects of Real-Time Exception Handling;34
9.1;Abstract;34
9.2;Keywords;34
9.3;INTRODUCTION;34
9.4;EXCEPTION HANDLING MECHANISMS;35
9.5;RELIABILITY REQUIREMENTS;36
9.6;EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS;37
9.7;CONCLUSION;39
9.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;39
9.9;REFERENCES;39
10;CHAPTER 5. A GENERALIZED APPROACH TO PROGRAM GENERATION FOR PROCESS CONTROL APPLICATIONS;40
10.1;Abstract;40
10.2;Keywords;40
10.3;INTRODUCTION;40
10.4;A GENERAL-PURPOSE METHOD FOR CONTROL PROGRAM SPECIFICATION;41
10.5;PROGRAM GENERATOR LIBRARY EXTENSION;44
10.6;CONCLUSION;45
10.7;REFERENCES;45
11;CHAPTER 6. PROTOTYPING REAL TIME ENGINEERING SYSTEMS USING HATLEY & PIRBHAI'S REQUIREMENT MODEL;46
11.1;Abstract;46
11.2;Keywords;46
11.3;INTRODUCTION;46
11.4;THE CROOK PROOF VENDING MACHINE CASE STUDY;47
11.5;USING THE REQUIREMENT MODEL AS A PROTOTYPE MODEL;47
11.6;USING ADA AS AN ANIMATION TOOL;47
11.7;CONCLUSIONS;49
11.8;REFERENCES;49
12;CHAPTER 7. A BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS AND MODELING METHOD FOR REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;52
12.1;ABSTRACT;52
12.2;1 INTRODUCTION;52
12.3;2 MODELING OBJECTS IN THE PROBLEM DOMAIN;52
12.4;3 MODELING FUNCTIONS IN THE PROBLEM DOMAIN;53
12.5;4 BEHAVIORAL SCENARIO ANALYSIS;53
12.6;5 COMPARISON WITH OTHER METHODS;55
12.7;6 CONCLUSIONS;55
12.8;7 REFERENCES;55
13;CHAPTER 8. HETEROGENEOUS PROTOTYPES IN CONCURRENT ENGINEERING OF EMBEDDED SOFTWARE;58
13.1;Abstract;58
13.2;Keywords;58
13.3;INTRODUCTION;58
13.4;HETEROGENEOUS PROTOTYPES;59
13.5;THE IPTES PROTOTYPING ENVIRONMENT;60
13.6;CONCLUSION;60
13.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;60
13.8;REFERENCES;62
14;CHAPTER 9. DEADLINE MONOTONIC SCHEDULING THEORY;64
14.1;Abstract;64
14.2;1. INTRODUCTION;64
14.3;2. SPORADIC ACTIVITIES;65
14.4;3. PROCESS BLOCKING;65
14.5;4. PRECEDENCE CONSTRAINTS;66
14.6;5. MULTI-DEADLINE PROCESSES;66
14.7;6. JITTER CONTROL;66
14.8;7. CRITICALITY ISSUES;67
14.9;8. CONCLUSION;69
14.10;References;69
15;CHAPTER 10. DIMOS : DISTRIBUTED MONITORING SYSTEM FROM SPECIFICATIONS TO DELIVERY, THE REALIZATION OF A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT SUPERVISION SYSTEM USING HOOD AND ADA;70
15.1;Abstract;70
15.2;Keywords;70
15.3;INTRODUCTION;70
15.4;REQUIREMENTS;71
15.5;SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE;71
15.6;SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT;72
15.7;SOFTWARE CHALLENGE;73
15.8;CONCLUSION;75
16;CHAPTER 11. SPECIFICATION OF REAL TIME SYSTEMS FOR PROTECTION TASKS IN AUTOMATED HIHG-SPEED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS;76
16.1;Abstract;76
16.2;Keywords;76
16.3;INTRODUCTION;76
16.4;SPECIFICATION METHOD;77
16.5;EVALUATION;79
16.6;REFERENCES;79
17;CHAPTER 12. A VISUAL REAL-TIME PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE;84
17.1;Abstract;84
17.2;INTRODUCTION;84
17.3;DESIGNING A SYSTEM;85
17.4;TOOLS FOR THE DESIGN OF REAL TIME APPLICATIONS;85
17.5;STATECHARTS;86
17.6;AN ALTERNATIVE INTEGRATION OF THE VIEWS;86
17.7;CONCLUSIONS;87
17.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;88
17.9;REFERENCES;88
18;CHAPTER 13. REALTIMETALK AN OBJECT-ORIENTED LANGAUGE FOR HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;90
18.1;Abstract;90
18.2;Keywords;90
18.3;INTRODUCTION;90
18.4;TERMS USED IN THIS ARTICLE;91
18.5;REQUIREMENTS ON AN ENVIRONMENT FOR DEVELOPING REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;91
18.6;REALTIMETALK;91
18.7;THE LANGUAGE AND IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES;93
18.8;CONCLUSION;95
18.9;REFERENCES;95
19;CHAPTER 14. IPRESPS - A PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT FOR PARTITIONING AND SCHEDULING OF TIME CRITICAL TASKS;96
19.1;Abstract;96
19.2;Keywords;96
19.3;INTRODUCTION;96
19.4;DFCL;96
19.5;TRANSFORMATION OF DFCL PROGRAMS INTO PROGRAM GRAPHS;97
19.6;GRAFDFCL;98
19.7;DETERMINATION OF GRAIN SIZE AND SCHEDULING;99
19.8;SIMULATION OF A MMDFC;101
19.9;CONCLUSION;102
19.10;REFERENCES;102
20;CHAPTER 15. IMPLEMENTING MODE CHANGES AND FAULT RECOVERY FOR HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEMS IN ADA ;104
20.1;Abstract;104
20.2;Keywords;104
20.3;DEVELOPING HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEMS IN ADA;104
20.4;HARD REAL-TIME EXECUTIVE;105
20.5;MODE CHANGE;106
20.6;FAULT RECOVERY;107
20.7;CONCLUSIONS;108
20.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;108
20.9;References;108
21;CHAPTER 16. TOWARDS AN ENVIRONMENT FOR COMPLEX REAL TIME CONTROL SYSTEMS DEVELOPING ;110
21.1;Abstract ;110
21.2;Keywords;110
21.3;INTRODUCTION;110
21.4;GLOBAL ARCHITECTURE;111
21.5;EXPERT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE;112
21.6;SCHEDULING ALGORITHM;113
21.7;REFERENCES;115
22;Chapter 17. Ada Gets Groomed for the Whole Spectrum of Real-Time Duties;116
22.1;Abstract;116
22.2;Keywords;116
22.3;1 Introduction;116
22.4;2 Shared objects;117
22.5;3 Comparing the two alternatives;119
22.6;4 Multiprocessor implementation issues;120
22.7;5 Conclussions and future work;121
22.8;References;121
23;CHAPTER 18. DEFINING THE SEMANTICS OF LANGUAGES FOR PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLERS WITH SYNCHRONOUS PROCESSES;122
23.1;Abstract;122
23.2;Keywords;122
23.3;INTRODUCTION;122
23.4;THE GRAFCET LANGUAGE;122
23.5;USING SYNCHRONOUS PROCESSES TO DEFINE GRAFCET'S INTERPRETATIONS;124
23.6;USING SIGNAL'S TOOLS TO MAKE PROOFS VERIFICATION ON GRAFCET;126
23.7;CONCLUSION;127
23.8;REFERENCES;127
24;CHAPTER 19. THE DEDOS ON-LINE SCHEDULER;128
24.1;Abstract;128
24.2;Keywords;128
24.3;INTRODUCTION;128
24.4;EMPS;129
24.5;DEDOS;129
24.6;ON-LINE SCHEDULER;130
24.7;CONCLUSION;133
24.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;133
24.9;REFERENCES;133
25;CHAPTER 20. THE PMOS REAL-TIME KERNEL;134
25.1;Abstract;134
25.2;Keywords;134
25.3;INTRODUCTION;134
25.4;OVERVIEW OF THE SYSTEM;135
25.5;THE KERNEL;136
25.6;INTERRUPT MANAGEMENT;136
25.7;INTERTASK COMMUNICATION;137
25.8;DEVICE DRIVERS AND FILES;137
25.9;SCHEDULING: SOME UNRESOLVED ISSUES;138
25.10;CONCLUDING REMARKS;138
25.11;REFERENCES;138
26;CHAPTER 21. OBJECT ORIENTED CONTROL SYSTEMS AND REAL-TIME KERNELS;140
26.1;Abstract;140
26.2;Keywords;140
26.3;INTRODUCTION;140
26.4;OBJECT ORIENTED CONTROL SYSTEMS;140
26.5;ASACS;143
26.6;IMPLICATIONS FOR REAL-TIME KERNELS;144
26.7;CONCLUSIONS;145
26.8;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;145
26.9;REFERENCES;145
27;CHAPTER 22. A COMMUNICATION MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;146
27.1;Abstract;146
27.2;Keywords;146
27.3;INTRODUCTION;146
27.4;THE MODELING TECHNIQUE;147
27.5;THE REQUIREMENTS MODEL;147
27.6;CONCLUSION;150
27.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;151
27.8;REFERENCES;151
28;CHAPTER 23. MODELLING TIME CRITICAL COMMUNICATION NETWORKS WITH STOCHASTIC TIMED PETRI NETS;152
28.1;Abstract;152
28.2;Keywords;152
28.3;INTRODUCTION;152
28.4;FIP SYSTEM;152
28.5;MODELLING WITH STOCHASTIC TIMED PETRI NETS (STPN);154
28.6;ANALYSIS;155
28.7;CONCLUSION;155
28.8;REFERENCES;155
29;CHAPTER 24. TOWARD DYNAMIC, MULTIPROCESSOR REAL-TIME THREADS;158
29.1;INTRODUCTION;158
29.2;OVERVIEW OF PACKAGE FUNCTIONALITY;158
29.3;THE PERFORMANCE O F PACKAGE PRIMITIVES;159
29.4;CONCLUSIONS;162
29.5;References;162
30;CHAPTER 25. COHERENCE OF DISTRIBUTED APPLICATIONS UNDER CRITICAL TIME CONSTRAINTS;164
30.1;ABSTRACT;164
30.2;I - INTRODUCTION;164
30.3;II - THE STRUCTURE OF A RTPOS;165
30.4;Ill COHERENCE OF THE DISTRIBUTE APPLICATION;166
30.5;IV CONCLUSION;168
30.6;REFERENCES;169
31;Chapter 26. Safe and Deterministic Real-Time Programming in a Nondeterministic Parallel Processing System;170
31.1;Abstract;170
31.2;Keywords;170
31.3;Introduction;170
31.4;A Real-Time Environment;170
31.5;Parallel Processing;171
31.6;Router Design;171
31.7;Guaranteeing Massage Passing Latencies;172
31.8;The Choice of Processor and Programming Language;175
31.9;Conclusions;175
31.10;References;175
32;Chapter 27. The Specification. Design and Verification of Real-Time Embedded Control Logic using CSP and TCSP;176
32.1;Abstract;176
32.2;INTRODUCTION;176
32.3;NOTATION A N D SYNTAX OF CSP A N D TCSP;176
32.4;THE SEMANTIC DOMAINS;177
32.5;PROCESS SPECIFICATION;177
32.6;CORRECTNESS PROOFS;177
32.7;THE APPLICATION;178
32.8;CONCLUSIONS;180
32.9;REFERENCES;180
32.10;APPENDIX: PROOFS;180
33;Chapter 28. Relative Correctness of Real-Time Systems;182
33.1;Abstract;182
33.2;INTRODUCTION;182
33.3;PARTIAL AND TOTAL RELATIVE CORRECTNESS;182
33.4;THE CORRECTNESS VERIFICATION;184
33.5;IMPLEMEMNTATION REMARKS;185
33.6;DYNAMIC CORRECTION;185
33.7;CONCLUDING REMARKS;186
33.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;186
33.9;REFERENCES;186
34;CHAPTER 29. VDM + CCS + Time = MOSCA;188
34.1;Abstract;188
34.2;Keywords;188
34.3;INTRODUCTION;188
34.4;AGENT DEFINITION;188
34.5;UNIT DEFINITION;191
34.6;TIME SPECIFICATION;192
34.7;CONCLUSIONS;192
34.8;REFERENCES;193
35;CHAPTER 30. HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION ON A MICROCONTROLLER;194
35.1;Abstract;194
35.2;Key words;194
35.3;1 Introduction;194
35.4;2 Programming: the ESTEREL language;195
35.5;3 The execution machine for ESTEREL.;195
35.6;4 Implementation: FORTH on RTX2000;195
35.7;5 From program to implementation;196
35.8;6 Performance evaluation;196
35.9;7 Conclusion;197
35.10;8 References;198
36;CHAPTER 31. DESIGN METHOD OF REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;200
36.1;Abstract;200
36.2;Key Words;200
36.3;INTRODUCTION;200
36.4;CHARACTERIZATION OF THE APPLICATIONS;201
36.5;MODELIZATION;201
36.6;SYSTEM MODELIZATION;202
36.7;DESCRIPTION AND COMPILATION OF AN APPLICATION;203
36.8;CONCLUSION;204
36.9;REFERENCES;205
37;CHAPTER 32. POO - A HYBRID OO METHOD FOR REAL TIME SW;206
37.1;Abstract;206
37.2;Keywords;206
37.3;INTRODUCTION;206
37.4;TYPES OF CLASSES;206
37.5;CONCURRENT CLASSES;207
37.6;SW ARCHITECTURE;207
37.7;INTERACTION AMONG AP AND POO CLASSES;208
37.8;PARTS OF POO;209
37.9;ADVANTAGES;209
37.10;CONCLUSIONS;210
37.11;REFERENCES;210
38;CHAPTER 33. APPLYING OBJECT-ORIENTED PRINCIPLES IN CONTROL-SYSTEM DESIGN;212
38.1;Abstract;212
38.2;Keywords;212
38.3;INTRODUCTION;212
38.4;OBJECT-ORIENTED PRINCIPLES;213
38.5;THE OBJECT-MODEL;214
38.6;APPLYING THE MODEL;215
38.7;EXAMPLES;216
38.8;CONCLUSION AND FURTHE RRESEARCH;217
38.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;217
38.10;REFERENCES;217
39;Chapter 34. Design of an object-oriented real-time simulation Host language YHSIM-1/VAX Compiler;218
39.1;Abstract;218
39.2;Keywords;218
39.3;Instruction;218
39.4;Brief Introduction to High-version Simulation Language YHSIM-1;218
39.5;Design to Corresponding Relation from the YHSIM-1 language to the FORTRAN language;219
39.6;Conclusions;221
39.7;REFERENCES;221
40;CHAPTER 35. REAL TIME TOOLBOX FOR PC-MATLAB;222
40.1;Abstract;222
40.2;Keywords;222
40.3;INTRODUCTION;222
40.4;CONCEPTS;222
40.5;IMPLEMENTATION;224
40.6;EXAMPLES;225
40.7;CONCLUSIONS;226
40.8;Acknowledgment;226
40.9;REFERENCES;226
41;CHAPTER 36. LONG TERM, REAL-TIME GENERATING UNIT SIMULATOR (GUS) ON PERSONAL COMPUTER;228
41.1;Abstract;228
41.2;Keywords;228
41.3;1.INTRODUCTION;228
41.4;2. PROPERTIES;228
41.5;3. ARCHITECTURE;228
41.6;4. MODELS;229
41.7;5. APPLICATIONS;232
41.8;6. CONCLUSIONS;233
41.9;REFERENCES;233
42;CHAPTER 37. GRAPHICAL PROGRAMMING FOR REAL TIME SYSTEMS. AN EXPERIENCE FROM THE WORLD OF EDUCATION;234
42.1;Abstract;234
42.2;Keywords;234
42.3;INTRODUCTION;234
42.4;A. THE LACATRE LANGUAGE;234
42.5;A I. THE GRAPHICAL LANGUAG.;235
42.6;A 2. THE LACATRE TEXTUAL MODE;235
42.7;A 3. LACATRE AND REAL TIME MULTITASKING;235
42.8;A 4. THE CONFIGURABLE OBJECTS;236
42.9;B LACATRE AND REAL TIME ENGINEERING LECTURING;237
42.10;CONCLUSION;239
42.11;REFERENCES;239
43;CHAPTER 38. HOW TO ENSURE SOFTWARE QUALITY FOR REAL TIME SYSTEMS;240
43.1;Abstract;240
43.2;Keywords;240
43.3;INTRODUCTION;240
43.4;WHAT IS SOFTWARE QUALITY?;240
43.5;ORGANIZATIONAL METHODS;242
43.6;CONSTRUCTIVE METHODS;242
43.7;ANALYTICAL METHODS;243
43.8;PRODUCTIVITY, REUSABILITY QUALITY;244
43.9;CONCLUSION;244
43.10;REFERENCES;244
44;CHAPTER 39. ANALYSIS AND PROTOTYPING OF REAL TIME SYSTEMS;246
44.1;Abstract ;246
44.2;Keywords;246
44.3;INTRODUCTION;246
44.4;HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT;246
44.5;GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF RTANAL SOFTWARE;247
44.6;USER INTERFACE AND APPLICATION GENERATION;247
44.7;EXECUTION PROGRAM;247
44.8;ANALYSIS AND REPORT PROGRAM;247
44.9;CONCLUSION;248
44.10;REFERENCES;248
45;CHAPTER 40. MONITORING THE DEVELOPMENT OF REAL TIME SYSTEMS : THE COSMOS PROJECT;250
45.1;Abstract;250
45.2;Keywords;250
45.3;1 Introduction;251
45.4;2 Theoretical Background;251
45.5;3 Practical Implementation;252
45.6;4 Preliminary Results;252
45.7;5 Conclusions;254
45.8;References;254
46;Chapter 41. Real-Time UNIX: What Performance can we Expect?;256
46.1;Abstract;256
46.2;Keywords;256
46.3;1. INTRODUCTION;256
46.4;2. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS;256
46.5;3· REAL-TIME PERFORMANCE;257
46.6;4. HIERARCHY OF LEVELS;260
46.7;5. CONCLUSIONS;260
46.8;REFERENCES;261
47;Chapter 42.
Application of Formal Description Techniques to Real-Time Scheduling;262
47.1;Abstract;262
47.2;1 Introduction;262
47.3;2 BPI specification validation;264
47.4;3 BPI implementation validation;266
47.5;4 Conclusions;267
47.6;References;267
48;CHAPTER 43. SOKE RESULTS OR HARD REAL-TIKE SCHEDULING;268
48.1;Abstract;268
48.2;Keywords;268
48.3;INTRODUCTION;268
48.4;PRIORITIES ASSIGNMENT ALGORITHM;269
48.5;CONCLUSIONS;271
48.6;REFERENCES;271
49;CHAPTER 44. A STATECHARTS-BASED SPECIFICATION AND VERIFICATION OF REAL-TIME JOB SCHEDULING SYSTEMS;272
49.1;Abstract;272
49.2;Keywords;272
49.3;INTRODUCTION;272
49.4;SPECIFICATION OF REAL-TIME REACTIVE SYSTEMS;273
49.5;FNLOG;273
49.6;A REAL-TIME JOB SCHEDULING SYSTEM;274
49.7;STATECHARTS SPECIFICATION OF AN RTJSS;274
49.8;A COMPARISON;275
49.9;CONCLUSION;275
49.10;REFERENCES;276
50;Chapter 45. Enabling Efficient Schedulability Analysis through Program Transformations and Restricted Resource Contention;278
50.1;Abstract;278
50.2;Keywords;278
50.3;1 Introduction;278
50.4;2 Model and Assumptions;278
50.5;3 Static Analysis and Clustering;279
50.6;4 Clustering of Conditionals;279
50.7;5 Deadline-Extending Transformations;280
50.8;6 Restricting Resource Contention;280
50.9;7 Future Work;281
50.10;Acknowledgements;282
50.11;References;282
51;CHAPTER 46. A SCHEDULING STRATEGY FOR A DISTRIBUTED HARD REAL- TIME PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT;284
51.1;Abstract;284
51.2;Keywords;284
51.3;INTRODUCTION;284
51.4;STER PROGRAMING MODEL;284
51.5;MAPPING PROGRAMS TO SCHEDULING GRAPHS;286
51.6;SCHEDULING STRATEGY;287
51.7;CONCLUSION;289
51.8;REFERENCES;289
52;CHAPTER 47. ARCHITECTURAL SUPPORT FOR PREDICTABILITY IN HARD REAL TIME SYSTEMS;290
52.1;Abstract;290
52.2;Keywords;290
52.3;INTRODUCTION;290
52.4;UNDESIRABLE PROPERTIES OF CONVENTIONAL ARCHITECTURES;290
52.5;A NOVEL SYSTEM CONCEPT;291
52.6;OUTLINE OF THE SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE DESIGN;292
52.7;CONCLUSION;294
52.8;REFERENCES;294
53;About the Organizer;296
54;-WRTP'92- Bruges, 23 - 26 June 1992 NOTE;298