Dumas / Thee Making Peace Possible

The Promise of Economic Conversion
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9928-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 328 Seiten, Web PDF

In Making Peace Possible, the editors have presented a range of papers which focus on the theory and practice of economic conversion of military-oriented industry to civilian use. The book brings together a wealth of information from academic research and from case studies undertaken by individual countries and by the United Nations. Covering such diverse topics as the relationship between the level of armament expenditure in the industrialized countries and economic aid to less developed countries, the economic impact of ever-increasing expenditure on arms, and the theory and practical experience of economic conversion projects in the US and Scandinavia, Making Peace Possible shows that economic conversion from military to civilian use can help form the basis for a more peaceful and economically stable world.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Dumas, Lloyd J.

Thee, Marek

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Making Peace Possible: The Promise of Economic Conversion;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Preface;8
5.1;Conversion: The Idea Whose Time Has Come;8
6;Part I: Economic Conversion for Disarmament and Development;12
6.1;Chapter 1. Economic Conversion: The Critical Link;14
6.1.1;1. Costs of the arms race;14
6.1.2;2. Arms and the economy;14
6.1.3;3. The changing nature of the conversion problem;18
6.1.4;4. Conversion and macroeconomic policy;19
6.1.5;5. Conversion as a critical link;22
6.1.6;6. Varied thought and analysis;23
6.1.7;7. The choice between life and death;25
6.1.8;NOTES AND REFERENCES;26
6.2;Chapter 2. International Experience of Conversion;28
6.2.1;1. The post-World War II experience;28
6.2.2;2. Lessons from the past;30
6.3;Chapter 3. Economic Conversion as a Set of Organizing Ideas;34
6.3.1;1. The arms race perspective;34
6.3.2;2. Confronting the prevailing political economy;36
6.3.3;3. Goals, organizing strategy, vision and forms of action;36
6.3.4;4. Delegitimizing the militarized economy;37
6.3.5;5. Three major organizing ideas;39
6.3.6;6. Remaking the military-industrial system;44
6.3.7;7. Between idealism and realism;45
6.3.8;NOTES AND REFERENCES;47
6.4;Chapter 4. Conversion to a Peaceful Economy: Criteria, Objectives, and Constituencies;48
6.4.1;1. Meaning of a peaceful economy;48
6.4.2;2. The industrial system and the military;51
6.4.3;3. The role of technology;54
6.4.4;4. Conflict mechanisms;55
6.4.5;5. Constituencies;60
6.4.6;6. A powerful instrument of social change;62
6.4.7;NOTES AND REFERENCES;63
6.5;Chapter 5. Swords into Ploughshares: The Quest for Peace and Human Development;66
6.5.1;1. Conversion, the economy and society;66
6.5.2;2. The case of Western Europe;70
6.5.3;3. The wider perspective;73
6.5.4;4. Challenge and opportunity;76
6.5.5;NOTES AND REFERENCES;78
7;Part II: Economic Conversion in the United States;82
7.1;Chapter 6. Arms Exports: The Stop-gap Alternative to Pentagon Contracts?;84
7.1.1;1. Excess production and weapon exports;84
7.1.2;2. US military aircraft production and exports since 1944;86
7.1.3;3. Some case studies;91
7.1.4;4. Conclusion;94
7.1.5;NOTES AND REFERENCES;96
7.2;Chapter 7. Swords and Sheepskins: Militarization of Higher Education in the United States and Prospects of its Conversion;98
7.2.1;1. Introduction: the military and academia;98
7.2.2;2. The case of the natural and physical sciences;100
7.2.3;3. The case of international affairs studies;110
7.2.4;4. Strategies for conversion;114
7.2.5;NOTES AND REFERENCES;118
7.3;Chapter 8. Facing the Second Generation of the Nuclear Weapons Complex: Renewal of the Nuclear Production Base or Economic Conversion?;122
7.3.1;1. Nuclear disarmament and economic conversion;122
7.3.2;2. An overview of the nuclear weapons production complex;123
7.3.3;3. Historical determinants of production levels;131
7.3.4;4. Economic conversion studies of the nuclear weapons production complex;135
7.3.5;5. Conclusion;146
7.3.6;NOTES AND REFERENCES;147
7.4;Chapter 9. Converting the Military Economy Through the Local State: Local Conversion Prospects in Massachusetts;150
7.4.1;1. Local conversion initiatives;150
7.4.2;2. Obstacles to state action I: the Massachusetts military economy;151
7.4.3;3. Obstacles to state action II: military and corporate barriers to economic reconstruction;156
7.4.4;4. Conversion and the Quincy shipyards;160
7.4.5;5. The political response to conversion obstacles: building economic development coalitions;163
7.4.6;6. The future course of local conversion organizing;166
7.4.7;NOTES AND REFERENCES;168
7.5;Chapter 10. Law for Economic Conversion: Necessity and Characteristics;172
7.5.1;1. Planning economic conversion;172
7.5.2;2. Major components of law for economic conversion;173
7.5.3;3. Reshuffling people and responsibilities;176
7.5.4;4. No subsidies to management;177
8;Part III: Armaments and the Economy;178
8.1;Chapter 11. Arms Conversion and the Defence Industry in the United Kingdom: A Review of Recent Developments;180
8.1.1;1. Re-evaluation of the conversion debate;180
8.1.2;2. Conversion projects in the UK;184
8.1.3;3. The UK defence industry at national level: a survey of current employment trends;189
8.1.4;4. Employment implications of MoD procurement plans;192
8.1.5;5. Conclusion;193
8.1.6;NOTES AND REFERENCES;193
8.2;Chapter 12. High Technology Programmes: For the Military or for the Economy?;196
8.2.1;1. Different directions in state-of-the-art technology;196
8.2.2;2. The new technological landscape;196
8.2.3;3. The proliferation of high technology programmes;199
8.2.4;4. The US Strategic Defense Initiative;208
8.2.5;5. The European Eureka programme;213
8.2.6;6. The Japanese Human Frontier Science Program;215
8.2.7;7. Converting high technology programmes;218
8.2.8;NOTES AND REFERENCES;224
9;Part IV: Scandinavian Studies;230
9.1;Chapter 13. Conversion from Military to Civil Production in Sweden;232
9.1.1;1. The international background;232
9.1.2;2. General considerations;233
9.1.3;3. Conclusions;234
9.1.4;4. Recommendations for facilitating the conversion process;236
9.2;Chapter 14. Conversion: Global, National and Local Effects. A Case Study of Norway;242
9.2.1;1. Disarmament and development;242
9.2.2;2. Three levels of conversion;243
9.2.3;3. The Norwegian military sector;244
9.2.4;4. Norwegian official development assistance;247
9.2.5;5. Conversion;249
9.2.6;6. Conclusions and recommendations;255
9.2.7;NOTES AND REFERENCES;259
10;Part V: Conclusion;262
10.1;Chapter 15. The Promise of Economic Conversion;264
10.1.1;1. Conversion and addiction;264
10.1.2;2. The common threads;266
10.1.3;3. The future of conversion research and practice;267
10.1.4;4. Conclusions;271
10.1.5;NOTES AND REFERENCES;273
11;Appendix;276
11.1;United Nations Study on the Relationship between Disarmament and Development;278
11.1.1;Defence industry characteristics;280
11.1.2;Military research and development;288
11.1.3;Uniformed military personnel;289
11.1.4;Regional and subregional effects;290
11.1.5;Measures to minimize the problems of transition;291
11.1.6;Alternative work;297
11.1.7;The national perspective: alternative work in the industrialized countries;298
11.1.8;The national perspective: alternative work in the developing countries;300
11.1.9;The international perspective: alternative work in the context of a new international economic order;301
11.1.10;Summary, conclusions and recommendations;307
12;About the Contributors;312
13;Index;314