Falzon Cognitive Ergonomics

Understanding, Learning, and Designing Human-Computer Interaction
1. Auflage 2015
ISBN: 978-1-4832-8849-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 261 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Computers and People

This reference work covers the breadth of cognitive ergonomics in human*b1computer interaction (HCI). Covering models for design, learning procedures, and planning and understanding, this book is specifically concerned with the cognitive ergonomics of human*b1computer interaction--from analogical thinking to spreadsheet calculation, office organization to process control. It provides an overview of HCI issues from the cognitive perspective.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Falzon, Pierre

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Regional Cooperation, Organizations and Problems;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;INTRODUCTORY NOTE;6
6;LIST OF ENTRIES;10
7;LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS;14
8;CHAPTER 1. AMERICAN-CANADIAN BOUNDARY DISPUTES AND COOPERATION;18
9;CHAPTER 2. AMERICAN-MEXICAN BOUNDARY DISPUTES AND COOPERATION;22
9.1;1. Early History;22
9.2;2. Post-Civil-War Disputes;24
9.3;3. Water Management and Distribution;27
9.4;4. Miscellanea and Conclusion;29
10;CHAPTER 3. ANDEAN COMMON MARKET;30
10.1;1. Background and Establishment;30
10.2;2. Members, Structure, Objectives and Organs;31
10.3;3. Evaluation;32
11;CHAPTER 4. ANDEAN COMMON MARKET, COURT OF JUSTICE;32
11.1;1. Background and Establishment;32
11.2;2. Composition and Organization of the Court;34
11.3;3. Competence; Law to be Applied;34
12;CHAPTER 5. ARAB STATES, LEAGUE OF;37
12.1;1. Establishment; Objectives and Principles;37
12.2;2. Membership;37
12.3;3. Functions;38
12.4;4. Organs;39
12.5;5. Evaluation;41
13;CHAPTER 6. ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH-EAST ASIAN NATIONS;42
13.1;1. Historical Background;42
13.2;2. Structure and Organization;42
13.3;3. Activities;44
13.4;4. Evaluation;44
14;CHAPTER 7. BALKAN PACT (1953/1954);45
14.1;1. Historical Background;45
14.2;2. Content of the Balkan Pact;45
14.3;3. Subsequent Developments;47
15;CHAPTER 8. BELGIUM-LUXEMBOURG ECONOMIC UNION;47
15.1;1. History;47
15.2;2. Analysis;48
15.3;3. Evaluation;50
16;CHAPTER 9. BELIZE DISPUTE;51
17;CHAPTER 10. BENELUX ECONOMIC UNION;53
17.1;1. Historical Background;53
17.2;2. Structure;53
17.3;3. Principal Achievements;54
18;CHAPTER 11. BENELUX ECONOMIC UNION, COLLEGE OF ARBITRATORS AND COURT OF JUSTICE;56
18.1;A. College of Arbitrators;56
18.2;B. Court of Justice;56
19;CHAPTER 12. BOGOTA PACT (1948);59
19.1;1. Historical Background;59
19.2;2. Bogota Pact;60
19.3;3. Subsequent Developments;61
19.4;4. Evaluation;62
20;CHAPTER 13. BOUNDARIES IN LATIN AMERICA: UTI POSSIDETIS DOCTRINE;62
20.1;1. Background;62
20.2;2. Notion in Roman Law and International Law;63
20.3;3. Application by Spanish American States;63
20.4;4. Altered Application to Boundaries with Brazil;65
20.5;5. Rules Applicable to European Possessions;66
21;CHAPTER 14. BOUNDARY DISPUTES BETWEEN CHINA AND USSR;66
21.1;1. Historical Background;66
21.2;2. Significant Legal Aspects;70
21.3;3. Current Status;72
22;CHAPTER 15. BOUNDARY DISPUTES IN AFRICA;73
22.1;1. General Significance;73
22.2;2. The Types of Dispute;74
22.3;3. Modes of Settlement;74
22.4;4. The Principal Disputes;75
23;CHAPTER 16. BOUNDARY DISPUTES IN LATIN AMERICA;77
23.1;1. Origins;77
23.2;2. Concept;77
23.3;3. Types of Disputes;78
23.4;4. The Principal Boundary Disputes;78
23.5;5. Settlement of Boundary Disputes;82
24;CHAPTER 17. BOUNDARY DISPUTES IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT;83
24.1;1. Introduction;83
24.2;2. Sino-Indian Border Dispute;83
24.3;3. The Rann of Kutch Arbitration;84
24.4;4. Implementation Problems;85
25;CHAPTER 18. CARIBBEAN COOPERATION;86
26;CHAPTER 19. CENTRAL AMERICAN COMMON MARKET;88
27;CHAPTER 20. CENTRAL AMERICAN COMMON MARKET, ARBITRATION TRIBUNAL;89
28;CHAPTER 21. CENTRAL TREATY ORGANIZATION;90
28.1;1. Creation;90
28.2;2. Structure and Activities;91
28.3;3. Dissolution;91
29;CHAPTER 22. CIVIL SERVICE, EUROPEAN;92
29.1;1. Notion; Historical Evolution;92
29.2;2. Current Legal Situation;92
29.3;3. Special Legal Problems;93
29.4;4. Evaluation;95
30;CHAPTER 23. COLOMBO PLAN;95
30.1;1. Historical Background;95
30.2;2. Organization;96
30.3;3. Nature of the Plan;96
31;CHAPTER 24. CO-OPERATION COUNCIL OF THE ARAB GULF STATES;97
31.1;1. Introduction;97
31.2;2. Objectives;97
31.3;3. Membership;97
31.4;4. Organizational Structure;97
31.5;5. Privileges and Immunities;98
31.6;6. The Bylaws;99
31.7;7. Achievements;99
32;CHAPTER 25. COUNCIL FOR MUTUAL ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE;99
32.1;1. Historical Background;99
32.2;2. Structure;100
32.3;3. Functions and Activities;102
32.4;4. International Legal Personality;102
32.5;5. Evaluation;102
33;CHAPTER 26. COUNCIL OF EUROPE;103
33.1;1. Background;103
33.2;2. Aim, Membership, Structure and Decision-Making;103
33.3;3. Activities;106
33.4;4. The Legal Programme;107
33.5;5. Evaluation;108
34;CHAPTER 27. COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES;109
34.1;A. Historical Background and Legal Framework;109
34.2;B. Constitution of the Court;110
34.3;C. Jurisdiction of the Court;112
34.4;D. Procedure;116
34.5;E. Activities and Evaluation;120
35;CHAPTER 28. EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY;122
35.1;1. Historical Background; Establishment;122
35.2;2. Activities and Structure;123
35.3;3. Problems and Failure;123
35.4;4. Liquidation and Prospects;124
36;CHAPTER 29. ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES;124
36.1;1. History; Establishment;124
36.2;2. Objectives;125
36.3;3. Membership; Duration;125
36.4;4. Structure;125
36.5;5. Decision-Making;126
36.6;6. Finances;127
36.7;7. Significance;127
37;CHAPTER 30. EUROPEAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMUNITY;127
37.1;1. Establishment; Basic Structure; Purposes;127
37.2;2. Financing;128
37.3;3. Activities;129
37.4;4. Evaluation;133
38;CHAPTER 31. EUROPEAN ATOMIC ENERGY SOCIETY;134
39;CHAPTER 32. EUROPEAN CIVIL AVIATION CONFERENCE;135
39.1;1. Historical Background;135
39.2;2. Purposes and Structures;135
39.3;3. Activities;136
39.4;4. Significance;136
40;CHAPTER 33. EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY;137
40.1;1. Establishment;137
40.2;2. Aims and Structure;138
40.3;3. Functions and Activities;139
40.4;4. Legal Problems;140
40.5;5. Evaluation;141
41;CHAPTER 34. EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES;141
41.1;1. Historical Background; Objects;141
41.2;2. Enlargement and Development;142
41.3;3. Structure;143
41.4;4. Community Legislation;144
41.5;5. Duration;145
41.6;6. Legal Personality;145
41.7;7. Privileges and Immunities;145
41.8;8. Finances and Budget;145
41.9;9. The Community Legal Order;146
42;CHAPTER 35. EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES: COMMUNITY LAW AND MUNICIPAL LAW;146
42.1;1. Basic Issues;146
42.2;2. Constitutional Adjustments;147
42.3;3. Incorporation of Community Law;148
42.4;4. Priority of Community Law;148
42.5;5. Effect on Individuals;149
42.6;6. Complementary Provisions;150
42.7;7. Renvoi;150
43;CHAPTER 36. EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES: EXTERNAL RELATIONS;151
43.1;A. Subjects of International Law;151
43.2;B. Scope of Regulatory and Treaty-Making Powers;152
43.3;C. Distribution of Competences;153
43.4;D. Status of International Law in EC Law;154
43.5;E. Mixed Agreements;154
43.6;F. International Organizations;155
44;CHAPTER 37. EUROPEAN COMPANY FOR THE CHEMICAL PROCESSING OF IRRADIATED FUELS (EUROCHEMIC);156
44.1;1. Legal Basis;156
44.2;2. Aims; Structure;156
44.3;3. Activities;157
44.4;4. Evaluation;157
45;CHAPTER 38. EUROPEAN COMPANY FOR THE FINANCING OF RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK (EUROFIMA);158
46;CHAPTER 39. EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF MINISTERS OF TRANSPORT;160
46.1;1. Historical Background; Establishment;160
46.2;2. Structure;160
46.3;3. Activities;162
47;CHAPTER 40. EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF POSTAL AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS ADMINISTRATIONS;164
47.1;1. Historical Background;164
47.2;2. Purposes and Structure;164
47.3;3. Activities;165
47.4;4. Significance;165
48;CHAPTER 41. EUROPEAN DEFENCE COMMUNITY;166
48.1;1. Historical Background;166
48.2;2. Main Features of the Treaty;166
48.3;3. Failure of the Treaty;167
49;CHAPTER 42. EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY;167
49.1;A. Historical Background and Development;168
49.2;B. Structure of the EEC;168
49.3;C. Aims and Substantive Competences;171
49.4;D. Special Legal Problems;177
49.5;E. Evaluation and Future Prospects;177
50;CHAPTER 43. EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY, ASSOCIATION AGREEMENTS;178
50.1;1. Types of Agreements;178
50.2;2. Legal Basis and Structure;179
50.3;3. Significance;180
51;CHAPTER 44. EUROPEAN FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION;181
51.1;1. Historical Background; Establishment;181
51.2;2. Structure;182
51.3;3. Rules and Activities;182
51.4;4. Special Legal Problems;183
51.5;5. Evaluation;183
52;CHAPTER 45. EUROPEAN INTEGRATION;184
52.1;1. Notion;184
52.2;2. The Sectoral Approach;185
52.3;3. The Institutional Structure of European Organizations;185
52.4;4. The Sectoral Development of European Integration;188
52.5;5. Conclusion;190
53;CHAPTER 46. EUROPEAN INVESTMENT BANK;191
53.1;1. Legal Status;191
53.2;2. Membership;191
53.3;3. Organization;192
53.4;4. Activities;192
54;CHAPTER 47. EUROPEAN LAW;193
54.1;1. Notion;193
54.2;2. Characteristics;195
54.3;3. The European Convention on Human Rights;197
54.4;4. European Customary Law;197
54.5;5. Constitutional Law;198
54.6;6. European Law and General International Law;198
55;CHAPTER 48. EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY COOPERATION;199
56;CHAPTER 49. EUROPEAN MONETARY COOPERATION;201
56.1;1. Notion; History;201
56.2;2. Monetary Cooperation in Europe;202
56.3;3. Monetary Cooperation in the European Communities;204
57;CHAPTER 50. EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR ASTRONOMICAL RESEARCH IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE (EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY);204
58;CHAPTER 51. EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH;206
59;CHAPTER 52. EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR THE SAFETY OF AIR NAVIGATION (EUROCONTROL);208
59.1;1. Historical Background;208
59.2;2. Purposes, Structure and Financing;209
59.3;3. Activities;210
59.4;4. Significance;210
60;CHAPTER 53. EUROPEAN PATENT ORGANISATION;211
60.1;1. Introduction;211
60.2;2. Historical Background;211
60.3;3. Structure and Method of Operation;212
60.4;4. Relationship to National Patent Offices;213
60.5;5. Outlook;213
61;CHAPTER 54. EUROPEAN POLITICAL COMMUNITY;214
62;CHAPTER 55. EUROPEAN POLITICAL COOPERATION;216
62.1;1. Background and Development;216
62.2;2. EPC in Practice;217
62.3;3. Legal Problems;218
62.4;4. Evaluation;218
63;CHAPTER 56. EUROPEAN SCHOOLS;218
63.1;1. History; Aims;218
63.2;2. Legal Character;219
63.3;3. Structure; Functioning;219
64;CHAPTER 57. EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY;220
64.1;1. Establishment and Role;220
64.2;2. Institutions and Finance;221
64.3;3. Activities and Evaluation;222
65;CHAPTER 58. GERMANY, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF, TREATIES WITH SOCIALIST STATES (1970-1974);224
65.1;1. Historical Background;224
65.2;2. Content of the Treaties;225
65.3;3. Significance;228
66;CHAPTER 59. GUY ANA-VENEZUELA BOUNDARY DISPUTE;229
66.1;1. Historical Background;229
66.2;2. Territorial Claim;229
66.3;3. Arbitration;230
66.4;4. The Geneva Agreement of 1966;230
66.5;5. The Port-of-Spain Protocol;231
66.6;6. Special Legal Problems;231
67;CHAPTER 60. INDUS WATER DISPUTE;231
68;CHAPTER 61. INTER-AMERICAN TREATY OF RECIPROCAL ASSISTANCE OF RIO DE JANEIRO (1947);234
68.1;1. Historical Background;234
68.2;2. The Rio Treaty;234
68.3;3. The Protocol of Amendment;235
68.4;4. Application of the Treaty;236
68.5;5. Evaluation;238
69;CHAPTER 62. INTERNATIONAL LAW, AMERICAN;239
69.1;1. Origin;239
69.2;2. Concept;239
69.3;3. The American Contribution to International Law;240
69.4;4. Present-Day American International Law;243
70;CHAPTER 63. INTERNATIONAL LAW, ISLAMIC;244
70.1;1. Theories;244
70.2;2. Conditions of Peace;245
70.3;3. Changes in the Concept of the Siyar;248
70.4;4. Conclusion;249
70.5;Primary Texts;250
70.6;Secondary Works;250
71;CHAPTER 64. ISLAND DISPUTES IN THE FAR EAST;250
71.1;1. Introduction;250
71.2;2. Tok Do;250
71.3;3. Tiaoyu tai or Senkaku Gunto;251
72;CHAPTER 65. ISLANDS IN THE CARIBBEAN: STATEHOOD IN ASSOCIATION;253
73;CHAPTER 66. LA PLATA BASIN;254
73.1;1. Background;254
73.2;2. Aims; Structure;255
73.3;3. Legal Characteristics; Problems;256
73.4;4. Complementary Agreements;256
73.5;5. River Régimes within the La Plata Basin;257
73.6;6. Evaluation;257
74;CHAPTER 67. LATIN AMERICAN ECONOMIC COOPERATION;258
74.1;1. Notion and Implications;258
74.2;2. Origins;259
74.3;3. Later Developments;260
74.4;4. Recent Trends;261
74.5;5. Conclusion;263
75;CHAPTER 68. LATIN AMERICAN INTEGRATION ASSOCIATION;264
75.1;1. Historical Background and Establishment;264
75.2;2. General Outline;264
75.3;3. Structure;265
75.4;4. Evaluation;266
76;CHAPTER 69. LOMÉ CONVENTIONS;266
76.1;1. Historical Background;266
76.2;2. The First Lomé Convention;267
76.3;3. The Second Lomé Convention;269
76.4;4. Evaluation;272
77;CHAPTER 70. NORDIC COOPERATION;273
77.1;1. Background; General Framework;273
77.2;2. Areas of Cooperation;274
77.3;3. Evaluation;277
78;CHAPTER 71. NORDIC COUNCIL AND NORDIC COUNCIL OF MINISTERS;278
78.1;1. The Nordic Council;278
78.2;2. The Nordic Council of Ministers;279
79;CHAPTER 72. NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION;281
79.1;1. Origins and Aims;281
79.2;2. Membership;282
79.3;3. Structure;282
79.4;4. Additional Treaties;283
79.5;5. Finances;283
79.6;6. Activities;284
79.7;7. The North Atlantic Assembly;285
79.8;8. Special Legal Issues;285
79.9;9. Evaluation;286
80;CHAPTER 73. ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN UNITY;287
80.1;1. Background;287
80.2;2. Aims and Purposes;288
80.3;3. Membership; Finance;288
80.4;4. Organs;289
80.5;5. Special Questions;291
81;CHAPTER 74. ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES;293
81.1;1. Origin and Evolution of the Inter-American System (1889/1890 to 1948);293
81.2;2. Institutional Framework of the OAS;294
81.3;3. Evaluation;298
82;CHAPTER 75. ORGANIZATION OF ARAB PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES;298
82.1;1. Establishment;298
82.2;2. Membership;299
82.3;3. Organs;299
82.4;4. Goals and Activities;303
82.5;5. Evaluation;304
83;CHAPTER 76. ORGANIZATION OF CENTRAL AMERICAN STATES;304
84;CHAPTER 77. REGIONAL ARRANGEMENTS AND THE UN CHARTER;306
84.1;A. Notion;306
84.2;B. Historical Background;307
84.3;C. Present Importance in International Law;308
84.4;D. Special Legal Problems;311
84.5;E. Evaluation;312
85;CHAPTER 78. REGIONAL COMMISSIONS OF THE UNITED NATIONS;313
85.1;1. Historical Background; Establishment;313
85.2;2. Structure;313
85.3;3. Activities;316
85.4;4. Special Legal Problems;317
85.5;5. Evaluation;317
86;CHAPTER 79. REGIONAL COOPERATION AND ORGANIZATION: AFRICAN STATES;318
86.1;1. Introduction;318
86.2;2. Economic and Social Cooperation;318
86.3;3. Political Cooperation;321
86.4;4. Diplomatic and Military Cooperation;323
86.5;5. Human Rights;323
86.6;6. Rivers and Lake Basins;324
87;CHAPTER 80. REGIONAL COOPERATION AND ORGANIZATION: AMERICAN STATES;325
87.1;A. Inter-American System: OAS and IDB;325
87.2;B. Latin American Cooperation and Organization;326
87.3;C. The "New Dialogue";329
87.4;D. An Overall Appraisal;330
88;CHAPTER 81. REGIONAL COOPERATION AND ORGANIZATION: ASIAN STATES;331
88.1;A. Introduction;331
88.2;B. Sub-Regional Military Cooperation;332
88.3;C. Sub-Regional General Organizations;332
88.4;D. Regional Economic Organizations;333
88.5;E. Sub-Regional Economic Groupings;334
88.6;F. The New International Economic Order;335
88.7;G. Projections;336
89;CHAPTER 82. REGIONAL COOPERATION AND ORGANIZATION: PACIFIC REGION;336
89.1;1. The Pacific Region;336
89.2;2. Status of Governments in the Region;337
89.3;3. Pacific-Wide Organizations and Institutions;338
89.4;4. South Pacific Organizations;339
89.5;5. Cooperation in Security Matters;341
89.6;6. Evaluation;341
90;CHAPTER 83. REGIONAL COOPERATION AND ORGANIZATION: SOCIALIST STATES;341
90.1;1. Socialist States, the Socialist Community and the Socialist World System;341
90.2;2. The Treaty Basis of the Alliance System;342
90.3;3. Organization and Cooperation at Party Level;346
91;CHAPTER 84. REGIONAL COOPERATION AND ORGANIZATION: WESTERN EUROPE;347
91.1;1. Introduction;347
91.2;2. Historical Survey;348
91.3;3. Legal Impact;351
91.4;4. Coordination between Organizations;352
92;CHAPTER 85. REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS;353
92.1;1. Introduction;353
92.2;2. Inter-American Development Bank;353
92.3;3. African Development Bank; African Development Fund;355
92.4;4. The Asian Development Bank;356
92.5;5. Matters Common to the IDB, AfDB and ADB;357
92.6;6. Other Regional or Sub-Regional Development Banks;358
93;CHAPTER 86. SOUTH-EAST ASIA TREATY ORGANIZATION;362
93.1;1. Establishment and Termination;362
93.2;2. Historical Background;362
93.3;3. Structure;362
93.4;4. Activities;363
93.5;5. The Manila Treaty;363
93.6;6. Evaluation;364
94;CHAPTER 87. SOUTH PACIFIC COMMISSION;365
94.1;1. Formation and Membership;365
94.2;2. Administration and Finance;365
94.3;3. Activities;366
94.4;4. Relations with Other International Organizations in the South Pacific;366
95;CHAPTER 88. TRANSFRONTIER COOPERATION BETWEEN LOCAL OR REGIONAL AUTHORITIES;367
95.1;A. Introduction;367
95.2;B. Specific Legal Problems;368
95.3;C. Current Practice;368
95.4;D. Relevance of Public International Law;370
96;CHAPTER 89. TREATY FOR AMAZONIAN COOPERATION;372
96.1;1. Historical Background;373
96.2;2. Basic Provisions;373
96.3;3. Organs;374
96.4;4. Special Legal Problems;375
96.5;5. Evaluation;375
97;CHAPTER 90. WARSAW TREATY ORGANIZATION;376
97.1;1. Historical Background and Establishment;376
97.2;2. Structure;377
97.3;3. Decision-Making Process;379
97.4;4. Finances;379
97.5;5. Activities;379
97.6;6. Special Legal Problems;380
98;CHAPTER 91. WESTERN EUROPEAN CUSTOMS UNION;380
99;CHAPTER 92. WESTERN EUROPEAN UNION;383
99.1;1. Origins: the Brussels Treaty of 1948;383
99.2;2. Paris Protocols of 1954;384
99.3;3. Structure; Functions;385
99.4;4. Activities; Evaluation;385
100;LIST OF ARTICLES FOR THE ENTIRE ENCYCLOPEDIA;388