Florkin / Stotz Carbohydrates

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-2220-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 5, 344 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Comprehensive Biochemistry

Comprehensive Biochemisty, Volume 5: Carbohydrates deals with the organic and physical chemistry of the major organic constituents of living material. This book discusses the general structure of monosaccharides, detection and estimation of aldonic acids, intramolecular rearrangement of N-glycosides, and preparation of sugar phosphates. The deacetylation of glycoside acetates, naturally occurring oligosaccharides of human milk, and molecular weight of polysaccharides are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the biogenesis and fate of pectic substances in plant tissues, complex polysaccharides of gram-positive bacteria, galactosaminoglycan of Aspergillus parasiticus, and chemical structure of heparin sulfate. This volume is a good source for biochemists and researchers conducting work on carbohydrates.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Florkin, Marcel

Stotz, Elmer H.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Carbohydrates;6
3;Copyright Page;3
4;Table of Contents;11
5;CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS VOLUME;7
6;GENERAL PREFACE;9
7;PREFACE TO SECTION II;10
8;Chapter I. The Monosaccharides;18
8.1;1. General structure of monosaccharides;18
8.2;2. The configuration of monosaccharides;28
8.3;3. Structurally modified monosaccharides;33
8.4;4. The monosaccharides as ring compounds;38
8.5;5. Interconversions;54
8.6;6. Esters;62
8.7;7. Acetals;67
8.8;
8. Anhydro-sugars;69
8.9;9. Amino-sugars;72
8.10;10. Separation and identification of monosaccharides;73
8.11;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;79
8.12;REFERENCES;80
9;Chapter II. Aldonic, Uronic, Oxoaldonic and Ascorbic Acids;84
9.1;1. Aldonic acids;84
9.2;2. Uronic acids;90
9.3;3. Oxoaldonic acids;97
9.4;4. Ascorbic acids;101
9.5;REFERENCES;111
10;Chapter III. Amino Sugars;113
10.1;1. Syntheses;114
10.2;2. Derivatives;121
10.3;3. Stability, oxidation and decomposition reactions;123
10.4;REFERENCES;127
11;Chapter IV. Sugar Phosphates;130
11.1;1. Introduction;130
11.2;2. Preparation of sugar phosphates;131
11.3;3. Separation of the phosphate group;138
11.4;4. Analytical methods;146
11.5;5. Acid strength;146
11.6;6. Descriptive;147
11.7;REFERENCES;157
12;Chapter V. Glycosides;163
12.1;1. Introduction;163
12.2;2. The Fischer reaction;163
12.3;3. The Helferich reaction;164
12.4;4. The Koenigs-Knorr reaction;165
12.5;5. Deacetylation of glycoside acetates;167
12.6;6. Preparation of glycosyluronic acids;167
12.7;REFERENCES;169
13;Chapter VI The Oligosaccharides;170
13.1;1. Introduction;170
13.2;2. Preparation;172
13.3;3. Disaccharides;174
13.4;4. Higher oligosaccharides;181
13.5;5. Oligosaccharides of animal origin;186
13.6;6. Enzymic synthesis of oligosaccharides by transglycosylation;189
13.7;REFERENCES;198
14;Chmpter VII. Polysaccharides;202
14.1;Section a: General;202
14.1.1;1. Introduction;202
14.1.2;2. Classification;205
14.2;Section b: Polysaccharides (Excluding Glycuronans, Bacterial Polysaccharides and Mucopolysaccharides);206
14.2.1;1. Nomenclature;206
14.2.2;2. Examination of polysaccharides by physical methods;206
14.2.3;3. Examination of polysaccharides by chemical methods;213
14.2.4;4. Homopolysaccharides;221
14.2.5;5. Heteropolysaccharides;241
14.2.6;BIBLIOGRAPHY;248
14.3;Section c: Polyuronides;250
14.3.1;1. Introduction;250
14.3.2;2. The pectic polyuronides (pectins);251
14.3.3;3. Alginic acids and alginates (algin);257
14.3.4;REFERENCES;261
14.4;Section d: Polysaccharides of Bacteria, Moulds, Yeasts and Protozoa;263
14.4.1;1. Introduction;263
14.4.2;2. Polyglucosans;263
14.4.3;3. Levens ( polyfruetosans);269
14.4.4;4. Polymannans;270
14.4.5;5. Polygalactans;271
14.4.6;6. Colominic acid (poly-N-acetylneuraminic acid);272
14.4.7;7. Chitin;272
14.4.8;8. Vi antigen (poly-2-N-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galacturonic acid);273
14.4.9;9. Hyaluronic acid;273
14.4.10;10. Complex polysaccharides of gram-positive bacteria;275
14.4.11;11. Complex polysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria;275
14.4.12;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;275
14.4.13;REFERENCES;276
14.5;Section e: Mucopolysaccharides (Acidic Glycosaminoglycans);279
14.5.1;1. Introduction;279
14.5.2;2. Nomenclature;280
14.5.3;3. General methods;280
14.5.4;4. Chitin;283
14.5.5;5. Galactosaminoglycan of Aspergillus parasiticus;287
14.5.6;6. Hyaluronic acid;287
14.5.7;7. Teichan (Teichuronic acid);292
14.5.8;8. Chondroitin 4-sulfate;293
14.5.9;9. Chondroitin 6-sulfate;298
14.5.10;10. Chondroitin;299
14.5.11;11. Dermatan sulfate;300
14.5.12;12. Heparan sulfate;303
14.5.13;13. Heparin;306
14.5.14;14. Keratan sulfate;310
14.5.15;REFERENCES;312
15;Chapter VIII. Cyclitols;314
15.1;1. The inositols;314
15.2;2. The quercitols;318
15.3;3. The inosamines;318
15.4;4. Quinic acid and shikimic acid;319
15.5;REFERENCES;320
16;SUBJECT INDEX;322
17;COMPREHENSIVE BIOCHEMISTRY;345