Florkin / Stotz Metabolism of Vitamins and Trace Elements

Comprehensive Biochemistry
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4831-6546-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 21, 314 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Comprehensive Biochemistry

Comprehensive Biochemistry, Volume 21: Metabolism of Vitamins and Trace Elements focuses on the processes, reactions, methodologies, and principles involved in the metabolism of vitamins and trace elements, including catabolism, enzymatic synthesis, absorption, and metabolic functions. The selection first elaborates on the biosynthesis of thiamine and riboflavin and metabolism of vitamin B6. Topics include absorption and transport of vitamin B6, catabolism of vitamin B6, mechanism of riboflavin synthetase from yeast, enzymatic synthesis of thiamine, biogenesis of thiazole, and interconversion of various forms of vitamin B6. The book also ponders on the biosynthesis of pantothenic acid and coenzyme A and metabolism of biotin, analogues, folic acid, pteridine derivatives, and cobalamins. Discussions focus on the uses of radioactive cobalamins in metabolic studies, absorption of cobalamins, pteroylpolyglutamates, and biosynthesis of folate compounds, interconversions, and degradations. The manuscript examines the metabolism and metabolic function of trace elements, including iron, zinc, copper, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, fluorine, and iodine. The selection is a vital source of data for researchers interested in the metabolism of vitamins and trace elements.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Florkin, Marcel

Stotz, Elmer H.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Metabolism of Vitamins and Trace Elements;6
3;Copyright Page;3
4;Table of Contents;10
5;GENERAL PREFACE;8
6;PREFACE TO SECTION IV;9
7;COMPREHENSIVE BIOCHEMISTRY;16
8;Chapter I. Metabolism of Water-Soluble Vitamins;18
8.1;Section a. The Biosynthesis of Thiamine;18
8.1.1;1. Introduction;18
8.1.2;2. Enzymatic synthesis of thiamine;19
8.1.3;3. Enzymatic synthesis of thiamine-PP;21
8.1.4;4. Biogenesis of the pyrimidine moiety;21
8.1.5;5. Biogenesis of thiazole;25
8.1.6;REFERENCES;26
8.2;Section b. The Biosynthesis of Riboflavin;28
8.2.1;1. Introduction;28
8.2.2;2. Formation of riboflavin from 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityIIumazine;30
8.2.3;3. Mechanism of riboflavin synthetase from yeast;41
8.2.4;4. Biosynthesis of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine;56
8.2.5;REFERENCES;61
8.3;Seotion c. The Metabolism of Vitamin B6;64
8.3.1;1. Introduction;64
8.3.2;2. Biosynthesis of vitamin B6;65
8.3.3;3. Absorption and transport of vitamin B6;65
8.3.4;4. Interconversion of various forms of vitamin B6;68
8.3.5;5. Preferred pathways for pyridoxal-P formation and control of vitamin B6 metabolism;75
8.3.6;6. Catabolism of vitamin B6;77
8.3.7;7. Abnormalities in vitamin B6 metabolism;82
8.3.8;REFERENCES;85
8.4;Section d. Biosynthesis of Pantothenic Acid and Coenzyme A;90
8.4.1;1. Introduction;90
8.4.2;2. Biogenesis of pantoic acid;90
8.4.3;3. Biogenesis of ß-alanine;92
8.4.4;4. Enzymatic synthesis of pantothenic acid;92
8.4.5;5. Enzymatic synthesis of coenzyme A from pantothenic acid;93
8.5;Section e. The Metabolism of Biotin and Analogues;98
8.5.1;1. Introduction;98
8.5.2;2. Biosynthesis;99
8.5.3;3. Interconversions;115
8.5.4;4. Degradations;117
8.5.5;REFERENCES;124
8.6;Section f. The Biosynthesis of Folic Acid and 6-Substituted Pteridine Derivatives;128
8.6.1;1. Introduction;128
8.6.2;2. The biosynthesis of folate compounds;129
8.6.3;3. Pteroylpolyglutamates;142
8.6.4;4. Biosynthesis of unconjugated pteridines;147
8.6.5;5. Coenzyme function;160
8.6.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;163
8.6.7;ADDENDUM;163
8.6.8;REFERENCES;164
8.7;Section g. The Metabolism of the Cobalamins;170
8.7.1;1. Introduction;170
8.7.2;2. Sources and requirements;171
8.7.3;3. Uses of radioactive cobalamins in metabolic studies;172
8.7.4;4. Absorption of cobalamins;174
8.7.5;5. Malabsorption of cobalamins;177
8.7.6;6. Absorption of vitamin B12 by simple diffusion;179
8.7.7;7. Vitamin B12 binders other than intrinsic factor;180
8.7.8;8. Vitamin B12 transport in plasma;180
8.7.9;9. Uptake of vitamin B12 by tissues;182
8.7.10;10. The distribution of vitamin B12 in tissues;183
8.7.11;11. The distribution of vitamin B12 in serum;186
8.7.12;12. The turnover of exogenous cobalamins;186
8.7.13;13. Turnover studies in man;188
8.7.14;14. The excretion of cyanocobalamin;190
8.7.15;15. Interconversion of cobalamins;191
8.7.16;REFERENCES;192
9;Chapter II. Trace Elements: Metabolism and Metabolic Function;196
9.1;1. Introduction;196
9.2;2. Iron;199
9.3;3. Copper;208
9.4;4. Zinc;220
9.5;5. Cobalt;234
9.6;6. Manganese;240
9.7;7. Chromium;247
9.8;8. Molybdenum;250
9.9;9. Selenium;257
9.10;10. Iodine;263
9.11;11. Fluorine;266
9.12;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;270
9.13;REFERENCES;271
10;SUBJECT INDEX;284