Galejs / Cullen / Fock Terrestrial Propagation of Long Electromagnetic Waves

International Series of Monographs in Electromagnetic Waves
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-5956-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 376 Seiten, Web PDF

Terrestrial Propagation of Long Electromagnetic Waves deals with the propagation of long electromagnetic waves confined principally to the shell between the earth and the ionosphere, known as the terrestrial waveguide. The discussion is limited to steady-state solutions in a waveguide that is uniform in the direction of propagation. Wave propagation is characterized almost exclusively by mode theory. The mathematics are developed only for sources at the ground surface or within the waveguide, including artificial sources as well as lightning discharges. This volume is comprised of nine chapters and begins with an introduction to the fundamental concepts of wave propagation in a planar and curved isotropic waveguide. A number of examples are presented to illustrate the effects of an anisotropic ionosphere. The basic equations are summarized and plane-wave reflection from a dielectric interface is considered, along with the superposition of two obliquely incident plane waves. The properties of waveguide boundaries are implicitly represented by Fresnel reflection coefficients. Subsequent chapters focus on boundaries of the terrestrial guide; lightning discharges as a natural source of extremely-low-frequency and very-low-frequency radiation; and the mode theory for waves in an isotropic spherical shell. This book will be a useful resource for students and practitioners of physics.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Galejs, Janis

Cullen, A. L.

Fock, V. A.

Wait, J. R.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Terrestrial Propagation of Long Electromagnetic Waves;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;OTHER TITLES IN THE SERIES;3
6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;10
7;LIST OF PRINCIPAL SYMBOLS;12
8;Chapter 1. Introduction;16
8.1;1.1 Scope and Limitations of the Treatment;16
8.2;1.2 Basic Equations;19
8.3;1.3 Plane Waves;21
8.4;1.4 Reflection of Plane Waves;22
8.5;1.5 Planar Waveguide;23
8.6;1.6 References;29
9;Chapter 2. Boundaries of the Terrestrial Waveguide ;31
9.1;2.1 Ground Surface;31
9.2;2.2 The Ionospheric Boundary;35
9.3;2.3 References;51
10;Chapter 3. Natural Sources of Radiation;54
10.1;3.1 Introduction and Summary;54
10.2;3.2 Description of a Lightning Discharge;55
10.3;3.3 Mathematical Models of Lightning Discharges;57
10.4;3.4 Statistical Models for Relating Source and Receiver Waveforms;69
10.5;3.5 References;86
11;Chapter 4. Waves in a Spherical Guide;89
11.1;4.1 Introduction and Summary;89
11.2;4.2 Formal Solution;92
11.3;4.3 Exponential or Thin-shell Approximations;103
11.4;4.4 Taylor Series Expansion of the Radial Functions;119
11.5;4.5 Airy Function Approximation of the Radial Functions;120
11.6;4.6 Fields in the Vicinity of Sources;136
11.7;4.7 Fields Near the Antipode;147
11.8;4.8 Overall Field Variations;151
11.9;4.9 Appendix. Series of Zonal Harmonics and the Watson Transformation;154
11.10;4.10 References;163
12;Chapter 5. Waves in a Cylindrical Guide;165
12.1;5.1 Introduction;165
12.2;5.2 Formal Solution;167
12.3;5.3 Exponential or Thin-shell Approximations;174
12.4;5.4 Airy Function Approximation of the Cylindrical Functions;177
12.5;5.5 Multilayer Representations;179
12.6;5.6 Fields Below an Anisotropic Ionosphere;194
12.7;5.7 Appendix. Excitation ofthe Air Space Below an Anisotropic Ionosphere;203
12.8;5.8 References;212
13;Chapter 6. Fields in Stratified and Anisotropic Media;213
13.1;6.1 Introduction and Summary;213
13.2;6.2 Isotropic Ionosphere Models with a Diffuse Lower Boundary;215
13.3;6.3 Propagation Transverse to a Horizontal Static Magnetic Field in a Cylindrical Geometry;217
13.4;6.4 Spherical Layers with a Radial Static Magnetic Field;222
13.5;6.5 Cylindrical Layers with a Dipping Static Magnetic Field;227
13.6;6.6 Exponential Approximation for Arbitrary Directions of Propagation Below an Anisotropic Ionosphere;232
13.7;6.7 Anisotropy of the Ground;237
13.8;6.8 Appendix;246
13.9;6.9 References;251
14;Chapter 7. E.L.F. Propagation and Scbumann Resonances;254
14.1;7.1 Introduction and Summary;254
14.2;7.2 Field Representations for a Uniform Cavity;257
14.3;7.3 Propagation Parameters;260
14.4;7.4 Schumann Resonances;277
14.5;7.5 Appendix. Combined T.M. and T.E. Fields;308
14.6;7.6 References;310
15;Chapter 8. V.L.F. Propagation;314
15.1;8.1 Introduction and Summary;314
15.2;8.2 Propagation Parameters for a Sharply Bounded Homogeneous Ionosphere Model;318
15.3;8.3 Propagation Parameters for Exponential Ionosphere Models;323
15.4;8.4 Propagation Parameters for Composite Ionosphere Models;329
15.5;8.5 Wave Polarization;335
15.6;8.6 Mode Interference;337
15.7;8.7 Perturbed Ionosphere;341
15.8;8.8 Elevated Sources;346
15.9;8.9 References;351
16;Chapter 9. L.F. Propagation;354
16.1;9.1 Introduction;354
16.2;9.2 Ground Waves;355
16.3;9.3 Waves in the Earth-to-ionosphere Waveguide;363
16.4;9.4 References;368
17;AUTHOR INDEX;370
18;SUBJECT INDEX;374