Harpp / Mittelstaedt / d'Ozouville The Galapagos

A Natural Laboratory for the Earth Sciences
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-118-85256-9
Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 448 Seiten, E-Book

Reihe: Geophysical Monograph Series

The Galápagos Islands are renown for their unique flora andfauna, inspiring Charles Darwin in the elaboration of his theory ofevolution. Yet in his Voyage of the Beagle, published in1839, Darwin also remarked on the fascinating geology and volcanicorigin of these enchanted Islands. Since then, the Galápagoscontinue to provide scientists with inspiration and invaluableinformation about ocean island formation and evolution, mantleplumes, and the deep Earth.
Motivated by an interdisciplinary Chapman Conference held in theIslands, this AGU volume provides cross-disciplinary collection ofrecent research into the origin and nature of ocean islands, fromtheir deepest roots in Earth's mantle, to volcanism, surfaceprocesses, and the interface between geology and biodiversity.
Volume highlights include:
* Case studies in biogeographical, hydrological, andchronological perspective
* Understanding the connection between geological processes andbiodiversity
* Synthesis of decades of interdisciplinary research in physicalprocesses from surface to deep interior of the earth
* In-depth discussion of the concept of the island acting as anatural laboratory for earth scientists
* Integrated understanding of the Galápagos region from ageological perspective
Collectively, The Galápagos presents case studiesillustrating the Galápagos Archipelago as a dynamic naturallaboratory for the earth sciences. This book would be of specialinterest to a multidisciplinary audience in earth sciences,including petrologists, volcanologists, geochronologists,geochemists, and geobiologists.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Harpp, Karen S.

Mittelstaedt, Eric

d'Ozouville, Noémi

Graham, David W.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Contributors vii
Foreword: Darwin's Perspective
Randal Keynes xi
Foreword: The Galápagos as a Natural Laboratory
Peter Grant xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1. Introduction
Eric Mittelstaedt, Noémi d'Ozouville, Karen S. Harpp,and David W. Graham 1
2. Contrasting Volcanism in Hawai'i and theGalápagos
Michael P. Poland 5
3. Galápagos and Easter: A Tale of Two Hotspots
Karen S. Harpp, Paul S. Hall, and Matthew G. Jackson 27
4. Eruption Rates for Fernandina Volcano: A New Chronology atthe Galápagos Hotspot Center
Mark D. Kurz, Scott K. Rowland, Joshua Curtice, Alberto E. Saal,and Terry Naumann 41
5. Galápagos Magma Chambers
Dennis J. Geist, George Bergantz, and William W. Chadwick, Jr55
6. The Geology and Geochemistry of Isla Floreana,Galápagos: A Different Type of Late-Stage Ocean IslandVolcanism
Karen S. Harpp, Dennis J. Geist, Alison M. Koleszar, BrandenChristensen, John Lyons, Melissa Sabga, and Nathan Rollins71
7. Plate Tectonics, Evolution, and the Survival of Species: AModern Day Hotspot
Godfrey Merlen 119
8. A Paleogeographic Model of the Galápagos Islands andBiogeographical and Evolutionary
Implications
Dennis J. Geist, Howard Snell, Heidi Snell, Charlotte Goddard,and Mark D. Kurz 145
9. Hydrogeology of the Galápagos Archipelago: An Integratedand Comparative Approach Between Islands
Sophie Violette, Noémi d'Ozouville, Alexandre Pryet,Benoît Deffontaines, Jérôme Fortin, and
Mathilde Adelinet 167
10. Controls on the Hydrological and Topographic Evolution ofShield Volcanoes and Volcanic Ocean Islands
Anne J. Jefferson, Ken L. Ferrier, J. Taylor Perron, and RicardoRamalho 185
11. Climate and the Global Reach of the GalápagosArchipelago: State of the Knowledge
Kristopher B. Karnauskas, Raghu Murtugudde, and W. BrechnerOwens 215
12. Assessment of the Chile 2010 and Japan 2011 Tsunami Eventsin the Galápagos Islands
Willington Rentería and Patrick Lynett 233
13. Patterns in Galápagos Magmatism Arising from the UpperMantle Dynamics of Plume-Ridge
Interaction
Garrett Ito and Todd Bianco 245
14. Variations in Crustal Thickness, Plate Rigidity, andVolcanic Processes Throughout the Northern Galápagos VolcanicProvince
Eric Mittelstaedt, Adam S. Soule, Karen S. Harpp, and DanielFornari 263
15. Plume-Ridge Interaction in the Galápagos: Perspectivesfrom Wolf, Darwin, and Genovesa Islands
Karen S. Harpp, Karl R. Wirth, Rachel Teasdale, Susanna Blair,Leslie Reed, Jay Barr, Janna Pistiner,
and Daniel Korich 285
16. A Preliminary Survey of the Northeast Seamounts,Galápagos Platform
Christopher W. Sinton, Karen S. Harpp, and David M. Christie335
17. Effect of Variations in Magma Supply on the CrustalStructure of Mid-Ocean Ridges: Insights from the WesternGalápagos Spreading Center
Juan Pablo Canales, Robert A. Dunn, Garrett Ito, Robert S.Detrick, and Valentí Sallarès 363
18. Helium Isotope Variations and Mantle Plume-Spreading RidgeInteractions Along the Galápagos Spreading Center
David W. Graham, Barry B. Hanan, John E. Lupton, Kaj Hoernle,Reinhard Werner, David M. Christie, and John M. Sinton 393
Index 415