Jones The Shortest History of France

1. Auflage 2025
ISBN: 978-1-913083-31-1
Verlag: Old Street Publishing
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 16, 272 Seiten

Reihe: Shortest Histories

A Global History of France for our Times From 'glorious defeat' in 52 BCE at the hands of Julius Caesar to the coup de théâtre of the 2024 Olympics, The Shortest History of France charts over two millennia of eventful and surprising history.The romantic boulevards of Paris, the sublime art of Renoir and Monet, the delights of haute couture and grande cuisine -- what could be more quintessentially French?Yet even a humble breakfast of café au lait and croissants can tell a global tale of trade and empire, war and revolution. Colin Jones leads us on a tour of France across the centuries that takes in the cultural highlights of the Grand Siècle and the age of Voltaire as well as the darker side of French history, from the grim legacy of the Crusades to the guillotine's long shadow. Along the way he explores the historic tension between xenophobia and tolerance that continues to shape the nation today.Enlivened by dozens of maps and illustrations, this is a timely, accessible and eye-opening history of our nearest neighbour by one of the world's foremost experts.

COLIN JONES is Emeritus Professor of Cultural History at Queen Mary University, London. His many acclaimed books include The Fall of Robespierre, Paris: Biography of a City and The Smile Revolution in Eighteenth-Century Paris.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Jones, Colin

Leseproben

French History: A Timeline
c. 500 bce Celts settle throughout Gaul c. 200 bce–150 ce Roman Warm Period 58–51 bce Conquest by Julius Caesar. 52 bce Julius Caesar defeats the Gauls under Vercingetorix at battle of Alésia Late 2nd century ce Beginning of ‘barbarian’ attacks and invasions 451 Defeat of Attila the Hun at the Catalaunian Plains 476 End of the Western Roman Empire 486 Frankish leader Clovis defeats Roman general Syagrius; Frankish expansion begins 496 Clovis baptised and anointed king of the Franks; first ruler of Merovingian dynasty (496–751) 508 Clovis chooses Paris as Frankish capital 511 Death of Clovis and subdivision of kingdom among his sons c. 530–660 Late Antique Little Ice Age 732 Battle of Tours (or Poitiers): Charles Martel defeats Saracen army 751 Pepin III crowned first ruler of Carolingian dynasty (751–987) 771–814 Reign of Charlemagne; Carolingian cultural renaissance 800 Charlemagne crowned emperor in Rome 842 Strasbourg Oaths: French and German languages begin to diverge 843 Treaty of Verdun: tripartite division of Frankish lands Late 8th–9th centuries Viking raids and invasions c. 950–c. 1250 Medieval Warm Period 987 Hugh Capet made king of the West Franks; first monarch of Capetian dynasty (987–1328) 1066 Duke William of Normandy invades and becomes king of England 1095 Pope Innocent III calls for first Crusade 1159–1299 (First) Hundred Years War against England. Angevin empire extends across western and southern France 1209–29 Albigensian crusade 1214 Philip II Augustus wins significant victory at Battle of Bouvines c. 1250 Establishment of the Sorbonne 1302 First meeting of the Estates General 1328 Death of last Capetian king, Charles IV; Philip VI founds Valois dynasty (1328–1589) 1337–1453 (Second) Hundred Years War 1338–52 Black Death c. 1350–c. 1850 Little Ice Age 1358 Jacquerie (peasant revolt) in northern France 1360 Treaty of Brétigny and English dominance of France 1394 Expulsion of Jews 1415 English victory at Battle of Agincourt 1421–36 France under English rule 1429 Siege of Orleans raised by Joan of Arc 1431 Joan of Arc burnt at the stake 1439 Estates General grants kings right to levy a national tax (the taille) to pay for a standing army c. 1450 Print revolution begins 1453 Battle of Castillon: end of Hundred Years War 1477 Death of Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy 1492 Christopher Columbus lands in the Americas 1494 Charles VIII leads expedition into Italy; start of Italian Wars (1494–1559) 1517 Martin Luther posts 95 Theses; beginning of Reformation 1525 Battle of Pavia: King Francis I taken prisoner c. 1530 Jean Calvin establishes Calvinist branch of Protestantism 1539 Edict of Villers-Cotterêts: French becomes language of law and administration 1559 Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis ends the Italian Wars 1561–98 Wars of Religion 1572 Saint Bartholomew’s Day Massacre 1589 Henry of Navarre accedes to the throne as Henry IV, the first ruler of the Bourbon dynasty (1589–1792, 1814–30) 1598 Edict of Nantes: toleration for Protestants c.1600 Beginnings of Counter-Reformation in France 1610 Assassination of Henry IV, accession of Louis XIII 1618–48 Thirty Years War 1624–42 Cardinal Richelieu chief minister of King Louis XIII 1631 Creation of the Gazette, the first national newspaper 1635 Foundation of the Académie française 1638 Birth of Louis XIV: accedes to throne with Marie de’ Medici as regent 1642–61 Cardinal Mazarin chief minister under Louis XIII and Louis XIV 1648–52 The Fronde (civil wars) 1682 Louis XIV establishes royal court and government at Versailles 1685 Revocation of the Edict of Nantes; introduction of Code noir for the colonies 1701–13 War of Spanish Succession 1715 Death of Louis XIV, regency of the duke of Orleans 1723 Louis XV accedes to throne 1751–72 Publication of the Encyclopédie, the ‘Enlightenment Bible’ 1756–63 Seven Years’ War 1774 Death of Louis XV, accession of Louis XVI 1778–83 French involvement in the American War of Independence 1789 Fall of Bastille, start of French Revolution; Declaration of the Rights of Man 1791 Slave revolt in Saint-Domingue 1792–1815 French Revolution and Revolutionary Wars 1792 Overthrow of the monarchy, First Republic founded 1793 Execution of Louis XVI 1793–4 The Terror 1795–9 The Directory 1798 Napoleon’s Egyptian campaign 1799 Coup d’état by Napoleon, overthrow of Directory and establishment of Consulate 1804 Napoleon becomes emperor, end of First Republic; Haiti (formerly Saint-Domingue) declares independence 1808–14 Spanish Peninsula War 1812 Moscow campaign 1814 Overthrow of Napoleon; Bourbon restoration under Louis XVIII 1815 Napoleon escapes; the Hundred Days, battle of Waterloo, exile; Congress of Vienna 1830 Invasion of Algeria; the Trois glorieuses revolt: end of the Bourbon regime, establishment of the July Monarchy under King Louis-Philippe 1832 Cholera epidemic 1848 Revolution, end of July Monarchy, establishment of Second Republic; abolition of slavery 1852 End of Second Republic. Louis Bonaparte becomes Emperor Napoleon III 1852–70 Urban renewal of Paris under Haussmann, Prefect of Paris 1863 Victor Hugo, Les Misérables 1870 Franco-Prussian War; loss of Alsace and Lorraine to Germany; Second Empire replaced by Third Republic 1871 The Paris Commune 1881–2 Jules Ferry’s primary education reforms 1889, 1900 Universal Expositions in Paris; Eiffel Tower erected 1894–1906 Dreyfus Affair 1905 Formal separation of church and state 1914–18 First World War 1916 Battle of Verdun 1919 Versailles peace treaties; restoration of Alsace and Lorraine 1934 Stavisky Affair 1936 Left-wing Popular Front: Matignon Agreements guarantee workers’ rights 1939–45 Second World War 1940 German Blitzkrieg; fall of France; end of Third Republic 1900–44 l’État français or Vichy regime 1944 D-Day landings; liberation of Paris 1945–6 End of war; provisional government under Charles de Gaulle; establishment of Fourth Republic 1945–76 The trente glorieuses, record economic growth 1951 European Coal and Steel Community, precursor to the European Union 1954 Defeat at Dien Bien Phu in Vietnam 1954–62 Algerian War 1957 Treaty of Rome, creation of Common Market 1958 Political and constitutional crisis over Algeria; end of Fourth Republic, foundation of Fifth with de Gaulle as President 1960 Major decolonisation agreements ...