Kanner / Schachter MD Psychiatric Controversies in Epilepsy

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-08-055959-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 344 Seiten, Web PDF

This edited reference addresses controversial clinical issues of the psychiatric aspects of epilepsy. The book explores the reasons behind the poor communication between psychiatrists and neurologists and suggests potential remedies to this important problem, and two chapters are devoted to examining whether psychiatrists and neurologists are properly trained to recognize and treat conditions that both disciplines commonly encounter in clinical practice. Identification of the causes behind the high rate of comorbidity between epilepsy and mood, anxiety, psychotic and attention deficit disorders is given high priority in the volume, and a specific review of the evidence of common pathogenic mechanisms that may be operant in epilepsy and these psychiatric disorders is included. Recently identified bidirectional relationship between mood disorders and epilepsy and its implication in the course and response to treatment of the seizure disorder are also explored. Several chapters are devoted to rectify common misunderstandings of the use of psychotropic drugs in patients with epilepsy, including the use of antidepressant and central nervous system stimulants. Finally, one chapter explores the possibility of organic causes of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
* Compiles into one source the important controversial issues of the psychiatric aspects of epilepsy, which have significant implications in clinical practice
* Authors are internationally recognized authorities in the field of psychiatric aspects of epilepsy

Autoren/Hrsg.

Kanner, Andres

Schachter MD, Steven C.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Psychiatric Controversies in Epilepsy;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;10
5;Preface;14
6;Contributors;16
7;Chapter 1 Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with Epilepsy: What We Think We Know and What We Know;18
7.1;INTRODUCTION;18
7.2;WHAT IS PREVALENCE?;19
7.3;WHO HAS A PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER?;19
7.4;GENERAL PREVALENCE OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS;20
7.5;SPECIFIC PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITIES;24
7.6;REFERENCES;31
8;Chapter 2 Why Do Neurologists and Psychiatrists Not Talk to Each Other?;36
8.1;INTRODUCTION;36
8.2;WHY SHOULD NEUROLOGISTS AND PSYCHIATRISTS TALK TO ONE ANOTHER?;36
8.3;CONSEQUENCES;40
8.4;WHAT CAUSES THIS LACK OF COMMUNICATION?;43
8.5;THE NEUROLOGIST’S PERSPECTIVE;43
8.6;THE PSYCHIATRIST’S PERSPECTIVE;44
8.7;WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?;46
8.8;REFERENCES;46
9;Chapter 3 Are Neurologists Trained to Recognize and Treat the Psychiatric Comorbidities of Epilepsy?;50
9.1;INTRODUCTION;50
9.2;IS RECOGNITION AND TREATMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IMPORTANT IN THE TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY?;51
9.3;WHAT TRAINING IS AVAILABLE FOR NEUROLOGISTS OR EPILEPTOLOGISTS IN EVALUATION AND TREATMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS?;53
9.4;WHAT ACCESS DO NEUROLOGISTS HAVE FOR CONSULTATION OR JOINT MANAGEMENT OF EPILEPSY PATIENTS WITH PSYCHIATRISTS?;56
9.5;WHAT POSSIBLE STRATEGIES EXIST FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH REFRACTORY EPILEPSY?;57
9.6;REFERENCES;57
10;Chapter 4 The Challenge of Teaching Psychiatry Residents About Psychopathology in Patients with Epilepsy;60
10.1;INTRODUCTION;60
10.2;THE CLINICIAN’S POINT OF VIEW;61
10.3;THE EDUCATOR’S POINT OF VIEW;62
10.4;REFERENCES;65
11;Chapter 5 What Do We Know About Mood Disorders in Epilepsy?;66
11.1;INTRODUCTION;66
11.2;SYNDROMES, SEIZURES, DRUGS AND MOOD;67
11.3;IS THERE AN EPILEPSY-SPECIFIC AFFECTIVE SYNDROME?;70
11.4;THE PROBLEM OF DEPRESSION DIAGNOSIS IN EPILEPSY;73
11.5;TREATMENT;75
11.6;CONCLUSIONS;76
11.7;REFERENCES;77
11.8;INTERICTAL DYSPHORIC DISORDER INVENTORY (IDDI);80
11.9;APPENDIX: QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE TEMPORAL RELATIONS OF THE ABOVE MENTIONED COMPLAINTS;82
12;Chapter 6 Is Depression in Epilepsy the Expression of a Neurological Disorder?;84
12.1;INTRODUCTION;84
12.2;SHARED NEUROTRANSMITTER ABNORMALITIES IN DEPRESSION AND EPILEPSY;87
12.3;SHARED STRUCTURAL AND NEUROPATHOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES IN DEPRESSION AND EPILEPSY;89
12.4;SHARED FUNCTIONAL NEUROIMAGING ABNORMALITIES IN DEPRESSION AND EPILEPSY;91
12.5;THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY AND DEPRESSION;95
12.6;CONCLUSIONS;98
12.7;REFERENCES;99
13;Chapter 7 Are Anxiety and Depression Two Sides of the Same Coin?;106
13.1;INTRODUCTION;106
13.2;EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN EPILEPSY;107
13.3;ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN THE GENERAL POPULATION;109
13.4;DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN EPILEPSY: WHAT DO WE KNOW?;111
13.5;COMMON SYMPTOMATOLOGY IN DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY;112
13.6;COMMON PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS IN DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, AND EPILEPSY;113
13.7;NEUROANATOMIC IMAGING STUDIES IN DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY;115
13.8;NEUROANATOMIC IMAGING STUDIES IN EPILEPSY;115
13.9;PHARMACOLOGIC AND PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC TREATMENTS FOR DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY;116
13.10;PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS;119
13.11;DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS;120
13.12;REFERENCES;121
14;Chapter 8 Does Psychosis of Epilepsy Differ from Primary Psychotic Disorders?;128
14.1;INTRODUCTION;128
14.2;WHICH TYPE OF EPILEPTIC PSYCHOSIS SHOULD BE COMPARED WITH WHICH PRIMARY PSYCHOTIC DISORDER?;129
14.3;CONCLUDING REMARKS: PLURAL EPILEPTIC PSYCHOSES SHOULD BE UNDERSTOOD UNDER PLURAL HYPOTHESES;138
14.4;REFERENCES;141
15;Chapter 9 Are the Psychoses of Epilepsy a Neurological Disease?;146
15.1;INTRODUCTION;146
15.2;THE PSYCHOSES OF EPILEPSY;146
15.3;IS POE A NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE?;151
15.4;CONCLUSION;154
15.5;REFERENCES;154
16;Chapter 10 Is ADHD in Epilepsy the Expression of a Neurological Disorder?;158
16.1;INTRODUCTION;158
16.2;ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER;158
16.3;ADHD IN CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY;159
16.4;PREVALENCE OF ATTENTION PROBLEMS AND ADHD IN EPILEPSY SAMPLES;160
16.5;CONCLUSIONS;166
16.6;REFERENCES;166
17;Chapter 11 Are Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures an Expression of “Neurologic” Pathology?;170
17.1;INTRODUCTION;170
17.2;DEFINITIONS;171
17.3;“NEUROLOGIC” FACTORS;173
17.4;“PSYCHOGENIC” FACTORS;179
17.5;CONSTITUTIONAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL FACTORS;183
17.6;A MULTIFACTORIAL ETIOLOGIC MODEL FOR PNES;185
17.7;REFERENCES;187
18;Chapter 12 Are Psychiatric Disorders a Risk for the Development of Neurological Disorders?;196
18.1;INTRODUCTION;196
18.2;DO PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS PRECEDE THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS?;196
18.3;COMMON PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS BETWEEN PSYCHIATRIC AND NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS?;201
18.4;IMPACT OF MOOD DISORDERS ON THE COURSE OF THE NEUROLOGIC DISORDER AND THE PATIENT'S QUALITY OF LIFE;209
18.5;CONCLUDING REMARKS;211
18.6;REFERENCES;212
19;Chapter 13 Do Peri-ictal Psychiatric Symptoms Account for the Differences between Depressive Disorders in Patients with and without Epilepsy?;218
19.1;INTRODUCTION;218
19.2;ATYPICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF INTERICTAL DEPRESSION IN EPILEPSY;222
19.3;CONCLUDING REMARKS;225
19.4;REFERENCES;226
20;Chapter 14 Can Psychological Testing Replace Psychiatric Evaluations in Patients with Epilepsy? Or Can Psychiatric Evaluations Replace Psychological Testing in Patients with Epilepsy?;228
20.1;INTRODUCTION;228
20.2;DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY;229
20.3;MONITORING CHANGE;232
20.4;CONCLUSION;234
20.5;REFERENCES;234
21;Chapter 15 Should the Screening for Depression, Anxiety, Attention Deficit – Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning Disorders Be Part of Neurological Evaluations of All Patients with Epilepsy?;238
21.1;INTRODUCTION;238
21.2;DEPRESSION;239
21.3;ANXIETY;242
21.4;ATTENTION DEFICIT–HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD);245
21.5;LEARNING DISORDERS;248
21.6;CONCLUSIONS;251
21.7;REFERENCES;251
22;Chapter 16 Should a Psychiatric Evaluation Be Included in Every Pre-surgical Work-up?;256
22.1;INTRODUCTION;256
22.2;USE OF PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATIONS IN MAJOR EPILEPSY CENTERS;257
22.3;SURGICAL CANDIDATES: A POPULATION AT RISK OF COMORBID PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS;259
22.4;IMPACT OF PRE- AND POST-SURGICAL PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS ON POST-SURGICAL SEIZURE OUTCOME;266
22.5;IMPACT OF EPILEPSY SURGERY ON PRE-SURGICAL PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS;268
22.6;REFERENCES;269
23;Chapter 17 Do Antidepressants Improve or Worsen Seizures in Patients with Epilepsy?;272
23.1;INTRODUCTION;272
23.2;WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE THAT ANTIDEPRESSANTS LOWER SEIZURE THRESHOLD?;273
23.3;PRECLINICAL EVIDENCE FOR AN ANTICONVULSANT EFFECT OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS;276
23.4;CLINICAL EVIDENCE FOR AN ANTICONVULSANT EFFECT OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS;277
23.5;DEPRESSION ITSELF MAY LOWER SEIZURE THRESHOLD;279
23.6;CONCLUSIONS;280
23.7;REFERENCES;280
24;Chapter 18 Do Central Nervous System Stimulants Lower Seizure Threshold?;286
24.1;INTRODUCTION;286
24.2;ATTENTION DEFICIT ASSOCIATED WITH NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS;287
24.3;SEIZURE INCIDENCE AND CNS STIMULANTS;290
24.4;REFERENCES;294
25;Chapter 19 The Psychotropic Effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Epilepsy;300
25.1;INTRODUCTION;300
25.2;THE VAGUS NERVE;300
25.3;THE HISTORY OF VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION;301
25.4;DEPRESSION IN EPILEPSY;303
25.5;THE EFFECTS OF VNS THERAPY ON MOOD IN EPILEPSY: RESULTS FROM THE PILOT STUDIES;304
25.6;VNS EFFECTS ON MOOD AND DEPRESSION IN EPILEPSY;305
25.7;VNS FOR TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION;307
25.8;PROPOSED MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF VNS IN EFFECTS ON MOOD AND DEPRESSION;308
25.9;SUMMARY;309
25.10;REFERENCES;309
26;Chapter 20 Do Psychological Therapies Alleviate Epileptic Seizures?;314
26.1;INTRODUCTION;314
26.2;EVOLUTION OF EPILEPSY TREATMENT;315
26.3;THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPIES IN CONTROLLING SEIZURES;320
26.4;EVIDENCE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPIES;327
26.5;CONCLUSION;331
26.6;REFERENCES;331
27;Index;336
27.1;A;336
27.2;B;337
27.3;C;337
27.4;D;338
27.5;E;339
27.6;F;339
27.7;G;339
27.8;H;339
27.9;I;339
27.10;J;340
27.11;K;340
27.12;L;340
27.13;M;340
27.14;N;340
27.15;O;341
27.16;P;341
27.17;Q;342
27.18;R;342
27.19;S;342
27.20;T;343
27.21;V;344
27.22;W;344
27.23;Z;344