Larkin Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy

Principles and Spectral Interpretation
1. Auflage 2011
ISBN: 978-0-12-387018-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 230 Seiten

Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy: Principles and Spectral Interpretation explains the background, core principles and tests the readers understanding of the important techniques of Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy. These techniques are used by chemists, environmental scientists, forensic scientists etc to identify unknown chemicals. In the case of an organic chemist these tools are part of an armory of techniques that enable them to conclusively prove what compound they have made, which is essential for those being used in medical applications. The book reviews basic principles, instrumentation, sampling methods, quantitative analysis, origin of group frequencies and qualitative interpretation using generalized Infrared (IR) and Raman spectra. An extensive use of graphics is used to describe the basic principles of vibrational spectroscopy and the origins of group frequencies, with over 100 fully interpreted FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra included and indexed to the relevant qualitative interpretation chapter. A final chapter with forty four unknown spectra and with a corresponding answer key is included to test the readers understanding. Tables of frequencies (peaks) for both infrared and Raman spectra are provided at key points in the book and will act as a useful reference resource for those involve interpreting spectra. This book provides a solid introduction to vibrational spectroscopy with an emphasis placed upon developing critical interpretation skills. Ideal for those using and analyzing IR and Raman spectra in their laboratories as well as those using the techniques in the field. - Uniquely integrates discussion of IR and Raman spectra - Theory illustrated and explained with over 100 fully interpreted high quality FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra (4 cm-1 resolution) - Selected problems at the end of chapters and 44 unknown IR and Raman spectra to test readers understanding (with a corresponding answer key)

Peter J. Larkin leads Solvay's Spectroscopy and Materials Characterization group based in Stamford, Connecticut. He has more than 25 years of experience using IR, Raman, and NIR spectroscopy in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. This includes managing research groups in R&D environments as well as directing analytical method development, validation, and transfer teams. He specializes in IR and Raman spectral interpretation, spectroscopic chemometric analyses, early phase API and chemical development support, and process analytical techniques (PAT).Dr. Larkin received his PhD from the University of Pittsburgh in 1990 using resonance Raman and vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy to study heme proteins. Since that time he has worked in analytical departments both in the specialty chemical and pharmaceutical industries. While at American Cyanamid/Cytec Industries in Stamford, CT, Larkin received comprehensive training in IR interpretation from Dr. Norman B. Colthup. He subsequently worked at Wyeth Pharmaceutical, had a brief stint with Pfizer, lead the solid state analysis group at Bristol-Myers Squibb, and now leads the spectroscopy and materials characterization group at Solvay.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Larkin, Peter

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy;4
3;Copyright;5
4;Dedication;6
5;Contents;8
6;Preface;10
7;Chapter 1 - Introduction: Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy;12
7.1;1 -Historical Perspective: IR and Raman Spectroscopy;14
7.2;References;16
8;Chapter 2 -Basic Principles;18
8.1;1 -Electromagnetic radiation;18
8.2;2 -Molecular motion/degrees of freedom;19
8.3;3 -Classical harmonic oscillator;21
8.4;4 -Quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator;23
8.5;5 -IR absorption process;24
8.6;6 -The Raman scattering process;26
8.7;7 -Classical description of the Raman effect;28
8.8;8 -Symmetry: IR and Raman active vibrations;29
8.9;9 -Calculating the vibrational spectra of molecules;33
8.10;References;36
9;Chapter 3 -Instrumentation and Sampling Methods;38
9.1;1 -Instrumentation;38
9.2;2 -Sampling Methods for IR Spectroscopy;43
9.3;3 -Quantitative Analysis;55
9.4;References;65
10;Chapter 4 - Environmental Dependence of Vibrational Spectra;66
10.1;1 -Solid, Liquid, Gaseous States;66
10.2;2 -Hydrogen Bonding;68
10.3;3 -Fermi Resonance;71
10.4;References;73
11;Chapter 5 - Origin of Group Frequencies;74
11.1;1 -Coupled Oscillators;74
11.2;References;83
12;Chapter 6 - IR and Raman Spectra-Structure Correlations: Characteristic Group Frequencies;84
12.1;1 -X–H stretching group (X=O, S, P, N, Si, B);84
12.2;2 -Aliphatic groups;85
12.3;3 -Conjugated aliphatics and aromatics;90
12.4;4 -Carbonyl groups;110
12.5;5 -C–O and C–N Stretches;114
12.6;6 -N=O and other Nitrogen containing compounds;116
12.7;7 -C-Halogen and C–S Containing compounds;119
12.8;8 -S=O, P=O, B–O/B–N and Si–O compounds;121
12.9;9 -Inorganics;123
12.10;References;126
13;Chapter 7 - General Outline and Strategies for IR and Raman Spectral Interpretation;128
13.1;1 -Tools of the trade;128
13.2;2 -IR Sample preparation issues;130
13.3;3 -Overview of spectral interpretation;132
13.4;4 -Interpretation guidelines and major spectra–structure correlations;135
14;Chapter 8 -Illustrated IR and Raman Spectra Demonstrating Important Functional Groups;146
14.1;1 -Aliphatic;146
14.2;2 -C=C Double bonds;146
14.3;3 -Triple bonds;146
14.4;4 -Aromatic rings;147
14.5;5 -Ketones, esters, and anhydrides;147
14.6;6 -Amides, ureas, and related compounds;147
14.7;7 -Alcohols;148
14.8;8 -Ethers;148
14.9;9 -Amines and amine salts;148
14.10;10 -C=N Compounds;148
14.11;11 -N=O Compounds;148
14.12;12 -Azo Compound;149
14.13;13 -Boronic acid compound;149
14.14;14 -Chlorine, bromine, and fluorine compounds;149
14.15;15 -Sulfur compounds;149
14.16;16 -Phosphorus compounds;149
14.17;17 -Siloxane Compounds;149
14.18;18 -Inorganic compounds;150
14.19;19 -Polymers and biopolymers;150
15;Chapter 9 - Unknown IR and Raman Spectra;188
16;Appendix -IR Correlation Charts;224
17;Index;228