Larsen / Kipper / Schmid Regional Monitoring Approaches for the Reduction and the Prevention of Youth Unemployment in Europe

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-86618-573-9
Verlag: Edition Rainer Hampp
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Deutsch, 187 Seiten

Fighting unemployment, especially among the young, is an important goal of many actors working at the regional labour market level. The transparency of the processes of the regional labour market is an important prerequisite for the systematic application of measures and other strategies to help reducing youth unemployment. With the instruments of regional labour market monitoring, a high degree of transparency can be continuously maintained. Therefore this anthology shows various monitoring systems and approaches of different countries including specific geographical, social, political and regulatory conditions of the different regions. This book was developed by several members of the European Network of Regional Labour Market Monitoring.

Dr. Christa Larsen is a social scientist and Managing Director of the Institute for Economics, Labour and Culture in Frankfurt am Main. Her current work concentrates on regional labour market monitoring, regionalised analyses of labour markets for health workers, systems for information and diagnoses of labour markets and regional prognoses. / Jenny Kipper is a pedagogue and Scientist at the Institute for Economics, Labour and Culture (IWAK) in Frankfurt am Main. Her current activities are focussed on process of organisational learning, organisational development, and development of quality. / Dr. Alfons Schmid is Professor for Economics at the faculty of Social Sciences and Scientific Director of the Institute for Economics, Labour, and Culture (IWAK) at the Goethe-University in Frankfurt am Main (Germany). His main areas of research are regional developments of employment and labour market, new information technology and impacts on employment situation, regional competitiveness, attitudes towards welfare states, regional forecasting and regional studies in poverty and wealth.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Larsen, Christa

Kipper, Jenny

Schmid, Alfons

Fachgebiete

• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Betriebswirtschaft Bereichsspezifisches Management Personalwesen, Human Resource Management
• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Betriebswirtschaft Betriebswirtschaft: Theorie & Allgemeines
• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Volkswirtschaftslehre Volkswirtschaftslehre Allgemein Arbeitsmarkt
• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Betriebswirtschaft Unternehmensorganisation, Corporate Responsibility Unternehmensethik
• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Betriebswirtschaft Bereichsspezifisches Management Office Management, Büroorganisation
• Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Soziologie Allgemein Empirische Sozialforschung, Statistik
• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Betriebswirtschaft Management Unternehmensführung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;7
2;I Forewords;9
2.1;European Perspective on the Reduction of Youth Unemployment;9
2.2;Europe’s Future Prospects and Youth Unemployment;11
3;II Introduction;14
3.1;Editors’ Note;14
4;III National Perspectives on Youth Unemployment;24
4.1;The Monitoring of Youth Employment and National Public Policies in France: SevenQuestions for a Scoreboard;24
4.2;Regional Labour Market Monitoring as a Factor of Youth Employment Regulation when Forming International Labour Market in the Conditions of Globalization and Post-Crisis Existence of Europe.;31
4.3;Youth Unemployment and Labour Market Monitoring in Turkey;34
4.4;The Youth Labour Market in Spain;44
4.5;Youth Unemployment in the CR – National and International Perspective;51
4.6;Monitoring Youth Unemployment. The Polish Experience.;62
5;IV Regional Monitoring Approaches on Youth Unemployment;74
5.1;Standard Data on a Plurality of Dimensions and Geographical Levels Improvethe Territorial Intelligence of Youth Unemployment;74
5.2;The Unemployment of School Graduates in the Czech Republic;80
5.3;Working Careers of the Young Persons in Lombardy: Tools and Models of Analysis to Support Intervention Policies;91
5.4;Labour Market Monitoring as an Instrument of Vocational Orientation;105
5.5;Youth Unemployment in the Ruhr Region: The Changing Political and Statistical Approaches to a Central Issue in Labour Market Policy;119
5.6;How to Deal with Youth Unemployment in the Netherlands? A General Overview of the Dutch Policy Approach;133
5.7;Labour Market Intelligence to Help Support Youth Employment and Training Initiatives: An Example from Scotland;147
6;V Perspectives;157
6.1;The Capabilities Approach as a Framework for Labour Market Information onYoung People;157
6.2;Lisbon Treaty: a new Scenario for Regional Labour Market Policies;165
6.3;Outlook on Regional Labour Market Observatories – their Contributions to the Reduction and Prevention of Youth Unemployment in European Regions;171
7;About the Authors;175
8;Abstract;186

Leseproben

III National Perspectives on Youth Unemployment (S. 19-20)

The Monitoring of Youth Employment and National Public Policies in France: Seven Questions for a Scoreboard

Alberto Lopez

As in many other countries, youth unemployment is a recurring concern in France. Given the current economic crisis, the employment situation has deteriorated for all persons of working age, but young entrants into the labour market are particularly affected. They are “outsiders” in a labour market which structurally favours “insiders” who tend to be older, relatively protected by their seniority within companies and by their status. This paper starts by clarifying the situation of young people in France. It goes on to characterize the responses to the problem of youth unemployment by public policy.

Based on these two elements, the paper then seeks to situate better the proposed statistical national framework that has developed since the 1970s. It strives to evaluate the impact of “training-employment assessments”, as well as the "quarterly scoreboards of youths’ work activities and employment policies”. Drawing on seven key questions, the outlook for developments in this field is examined. Finally, having looked at the national picture, the paper focuses on the role of regions and local territories.

The Situation of Young People in France

In France, workforce participants under 25 years old face a higher rate of unemployment than the rest of the working population (24.2% compared to 9.5%, in the 4th quarter 2009). This is a relatively poor performance in Europe (C. Minni 2010) and in the OECD (2009). There are many causes for this high rate of youth unemployment. As already stated, the functioning of the labour market is not very favourable to new arrivals. Furthermore, the transition from school to work is not organized with strong participation by employers in vocational training, as is the case in Germany, Denmark or Austria (Couppié, Mansuy 2004): as Grelet and Hillau (2008) have summarized well, “[y]outh transition suffers from loose coupling of the education and training system with employers”.

Lastly, the high level of unemployment among under 25 year olds also stems from the mass of school-leavers with no qualifications in this age group and the particularly harsh and persistent problems they face in getting jobs. Indeed, though young people with no qualifications account for about 16% of each cohort of school-leavers, they make up nearly 60% of the working population under 25 years old. As the OECD report has noted, the lack of a formal qualification is more penalizing in France than in most other countries.

Difficulties accessing jobs are far less marked for young people with some form of higher education: their unemployment rate after three years in working life is five to six times less than for people with no qualifications (6% versus 32% in 2007 – Joseph, Lopez, Ryk 2008). Another characteristic of the French situation faced by young beginners is that their rate of unemployment is much more sensitive to the business cycle than that of older workers. This is especially true for young people with no qualifications, who spend long periods of time on fixed-term contracts or temping. The repeated rise of youth unemployment during economic downturns undoubtedly explains one of the traits of public policy supporting youth employment, namely the cyclical nature of new measures.

Über Autor(innen)

Dr. Christa Larsen is a social scientist and Managing Director of the Institute for Economics, Labour and Culture in Frankfurt am Main. Her current work concentrates on regional labour market monitoring, regionalised analyses of labour markets for health workers, systems for information and diagnoses of labour markets and regional prognoses. / Jenny Kipper is a pedagogue and Scientist at the Institute for Economics, Labour and Culture (IWAK) in Frankfurt am Main. Her current activities are focussed on process of organisational learning, organisational development, and development of quality. / Dr. Alfons Schmid is Professor for Economics at the faculty of Social Sciences and Scientific Director of the Institute for Economics, Labour, and Culture (IWAK) at the Goethe-University in Frankfurt am Main (Germany). His main areas of research are regional developments of employment and labour market, new information technology and impacts on employment situation, regional competitiveness, attitudes towards welfare states, regional forecasting and regional studies in poverty and wealth.